Behavior and Pathology of Aging in Rhesus Monkeys PDF Download
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Author: Roger T. Davis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471843733
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
Author: Roger T. Davis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471843733
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Roger T. Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
Author: Qian Wang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461410460
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Foreword by Phillip V. Tobias The introduction of rhesus macaques to Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico in 1938, and the subsequent development of the CPRC for biomedical research, continues its long history of stimulating studies in physical anthropology. The CPRC monkey colonies, and the precise demographic data on the derived skeletal collection in the Center’s Laboratory of Primate Morphology and Genetics (LPMG), provide rare opportunities for morphological, developmental, functional, genetic, and behavioral studies across the life span of rhesus macaques as a species, and as a primate model for humans. The book grows out of a symposium Wang is organizing for the 78th annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists to be held in April 2009. This symposium will highlight recent and ongoing research in, or related to, physical anthropology, and reveal the numerous research opportunities that still exist at this unusual rhesus facility. Following an initial historical review of CPRC and its research activities, this book will emphasize recent and current researches on growth, function, genetics, pathology, aging, and behavior, and the impact of these researches on our understanding of rhesus and human morphology, development, genetics, and behavior. Fourteen researchers will present recent and current studies on morphology, genetics, and behavior, with relevance to primate and human growth, health, and evolution. The book will include not only papers presented in the symposium, but also papers from individuals who could not present their work at the meeting due to limitations in the maximum number (14) of permitted speakers.
Author: Joseph Erwin
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 380557312X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
As the number of elderly people in human populations increases, the study of normal aging, age-related disorders, and enhanced longevity is taking on new urgency. Fundamental research will provide means of preventing and effectively treating the most debilitating and distressing aspects of advanced age. Considerations of aging in nonhuman life forms do not aim at life extension, but at an increasing appreciation for the biological role of the aging process in populations, in addition to developing a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of aging. The present volume focuses on primate aging because human characteristics that evolved during their evolution are homologous with those of other primates. Therefore, the research on nonhuman primates will decidedly also contribute to our understanding of the process of human aging. The topics of this volume include brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, social behavior, cognition and aging, skeletal aging in natural and captive conditions, and consequences of caloric restriction for life and health extension. The great variety of contributions aim at providing a survey of the relevant work in progress and increasing the understanding of normal and pathological aging and life-span enhancement in a variety of nonhuman primate species.
Author: Eustathia Lela Giannaris
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Abstract: Mild declines in visual function with age are observed in both humans and monkeys, independent of ocular pathology, suggesting an involvement of structures along the central visual pathway. Electrophysiological studies of cells in the primary visual cortex of the aging rhesus monkey have demonstrated age-related decreases in orientation and direction selectivity of cortical neurons (Schmolesky et al., 2000). These physiological impairments improve with the administration of drugs that enhance the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (Leventhal et al., 2003). In order to quantify behavioral declines in visual function with age in the rhesus monkey, a novel behavioral metric was derived from scores on subsets of the delayed recognition span task (DRST) that differ only in the visual salience of the stimuli. This metric demonstrated an age-related decline in visual function across the lifespan (R=-0.288, P=0.001 one-tailed, N=110). While many factors might account for this decline, a loss of neurons in primary visual cortex could be responsible by disrupting the balance between principal neurons and the GABAergic interneurons. To investigate this, in a sample of 26 behaviorally tested male and female rhesus monkeys ranging from 7.4 to 31 years of age, design-based stereology was used to quantify total numbers of neurons, glia, and parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons across the entire primary visual cortex, as well as within three laminar zones: supragranular (layers II-IVB), granular (layer IVC), and infragranular (layers V-VI). Results demonstrated preservation of total neuron numbers (R=-0.018 P=0.931 two-tailed, N=26) as well as the parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons (R=0.171, P=0.624 two-tailed, N=26). In contrast to the stability of neuron numbers, there was a significant increase in the total number of glia in the infragranular layers of the cortex (R=0.459, P=0.018 two-tailed, N=26). Interestingly, an increase in glial density correlated with decreased visual function as assessed by the DRST behavioral metric (R=0.446, p=0.028 two-tailed, N=24). This observation likely reflects sublethal pathology to myelinated axons, a ubiquitous feature of normal aging, as they enter and exit through the infragranular layer of primary visual cortex. Further studies of this area are needed to fully understand the implications of glial increases.
Author: Douglas M. Bowden
Publisher: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
Author: David R. Riddle
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420005523
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition has been consistently shown to be effective in slowing aging and prolonging lifespan in lower animal models; similar evidence is still emerging in nonhuman primate models. This intervention thus provides a powerful model for studying the processes underlying aging and aging retardation. In this thesis, we examined the effect of CR on brain health in the rhesus macaque model using imaging, behavioral, and histopathologic techniques. The primary hypothesis of this project was that CR decelerates the rate of age-related changes in the brain in rhesus monkeys. In the first study, we investigated the association between cognitive and motor performance and anatomic and microstructural brain integrity measured with magnetic resonance imaging in aged monkeys. We showed that performance on a cognitive conceptual shift task was significantly associated with higher gray matter volume in frontal and parietal cortices, and decreased microstructural health in major association fiber bundles. Slower performance on the motor task was significantly correlated with low volumetric measures in cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar areas and low microstructural integrity in several major association fiber bundles. Differences in brain-behavior correlations between control and CR animals indicated a protective effect of the dietary intervention. In the second study, we used tractography to study changes in white matter integrity within the corpus callosum. Our findings indicated that there is an age-related loss of white matter integrity in the genu, that there is a posterior to anterior decline in white matter integrity within the corpus callosum, and that CR results in the preservation of white matter integrity in the splenium. In the final study, we investigated differences in gliosis and amyloid plaque load in the hippocampus and the adjacent cortical areas of control and CR male rhesus macaques using immunostaining methods. Our results demonstrated that CR significantly reduces the age-associated gliosis in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of rhesus macaques. However, we did not find a regulatory effect of CR on amyloid plaque deposition in the aged monkey hippocampus and adjacent cortex. Collectively, these results suggest that CR has a salubrious effect on brain aging.
Author: Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Author: Sandra Gordon-Salant
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 144190994X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
This volume brings together noted scientists who study presbycusis from the perspective of complementary disciplines, for a review of the current state of knowledge on the aging auditory system. Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is one of the top three most common chronic health conditions affecting individuals aged 65 years and older. The high prevalence of age-related hearing loss compels audiologists, otolaryngologists, and auditory neuroscientists alike to understand the neural, genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder. A comprehensive understanding of these factors is needed so that effective prevention, intervention, and rehabilitative strategies can be developed to ameliorate the myriad of behavioral manifestations.
