Bacterial Diversity in Soil as a Function of Soil Texture PDF Download
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Author: Jessica Furrer Chau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Jessica Furrer Chau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Jacob H. Dane
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 089118841X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1744
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Book Description
The best single reference for both the theory and practice of soil physical measurements, Methods, Part 4 adopts a more hierarchical approach to allow readers to easily find their specific topic or measurement of interest. As such it is divided into eight main chapters on soil sampling and statistics, the solid, solution, and gas phases, soil heat, solute transport, multi-fluid flow, and erosion. More than 100 world experts contribute detailed sections.
Author: Sharon Faye Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Soil microorganisms help maintain nutrient cycling, control carbon sequestration, impact plant productivity, and influence several soil chemical and physical properties; yet, the processes that control the microbial composition of soil and how environmental changes may affect the composition and activity of these organisms at different scales remains a difficult and intriguing puzzle for soil scientists, ecologists, and modelers. Wetlands are endangered and important ecosystems that provide several services, which are directly linked to soil function. However, few wetland assessments consider the soil environment and microbial ecology. Linking soil microbial community composition and distribution patterns to soil physio-chemical properties would provide fundamental information for the further exploration of how biogeochemical properties relate to ecosystem function, and pave the way towards developing new wetland success indicators. By using spatial ecology concepts along with soil metabarcoding, this research provides insight into the fungal and bacterial community composition and their relationship to the soil environment within a mounded wet prairie in southern United States. Generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM), a form of nonlinear matrix regression, and amplicon metabarcoding was applied to simultaneously quantify the relative effects of geographic distance, elevation, and soil properties driving microbial community composition. The wet prairie surveyed in this research contained high spatial heterogeneity of soil chemical and physical properties, as well as distinct microtopography, which influenced the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities. The GDMs explained 28.3 and 41.5% of the total variation in bacterial and fungal beta diversity, respectively. Soil texture was an important and unexpected driver of both fungal and bacterial composition and diversity within the study site. Bacterial alpha diversity increased and fungal alpha diversity decreased with increasing sand content within the site. Sand content was also greatest on mounds in the site. Future wetland restoration studies should consider the influence of spatial heterogeneity of soil texture and micro-topography on microbial diversity, as it may affect the success of future restoration efforts. Understanding how soil microbial ecology connects to the soil environment at an ecosystem level can help inform future restoration practices, and can also be used to improve our predictive capabilities on a global scale for ecosystem services like carbon sequestration. The future applications of soil metagenomic data to infer ecosystem function and predict responses to a changing world are promising, but there are still many hurtles to overcome. While sequence databases are continuously growing, many metagenomic sequences still can't be aligned or assigned to a functional pathway. Thus, our ability to use metagenomic data for ecological models or to predict soil microbial response to climate change is dependent on continued efforts to characterize microbes and their associated environments.
Author: G. Philip Robertson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198028261
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
Standardized methods and measurements are crucial for ecological research, particularly in long-term ecological studies where the projects are by nature collaborative and where it can be difficult to distinguish signs of environmental change from the effects of differing methodologies. This second volume in the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network Series addresses these issues directly by providing a comprehensive standardized set of protocols for measuring soil properties. The goal of the volume is to facilitate cross-site synthesis and evaluation of ecosystem processes. Chapters cover methods for studying physical and chemical properties of soils, soil biological properties, and soil organisms, and they include work from many leaders in the field. The book is the first broadly based compendium of standardized soil measurement methods and will be an invaluable resource for ecologists, agronomists, and soil scientists.
Author: Carmine Crecchio
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039437437
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
The book contains research articles and reviews recently published online for the MDPI journal Diversity, in the Special Issue "Genetic diversity of soil bacterial communities". The issue aimed to collect up to date information from the international scientific community to get insight in the "black box", as soil has been defined in the last decades, focusing in detail on the role that the microbial communities have in soil processes such as carbon and nutrient fluxes and on their genetic and functional diversity. The book meets the interests of scientific communities directly involved in the topics investigated, as well as of PhD students, scholars, professional organizations interested in improving their knowledge on a group of organisms considered vitally important to the maintenance and sustainability of the biosphere, where soil has a key role as an important natural resource.
Author: Jan Dirk van Elsas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824727499
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
In the ten years since the publication of Modern Soil Microbiology, the study of soil microbiology has significantly changed, both in the understanding of the diversity and function of soil microbial communities and in research methods. Ideal for students in a variety of disciplines, this second edition provides a cutting-edge examination of a fascinating discipline that encompasses ecology, physiology, genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology, and makes use of biochemical and biophysical approaches. The chapters cover topics ranging from the fundamental to the applied and describe the use of advanced methods that have provided a great thrust to the discipline of soil microbiology. Using the latest molecular analyses, they integrate principles of soil microbiology with novel insights into the physiology of soil microorganisms. The authors discuss the soil and rhizosphere as habitats for microorganisms, then go on to describe the different microbial groups, their adaptive responses, and their respective processes in interactive and functional terms. The book highlights a range of applied aspects of soil microbiology, including the nature of disease-suppressive soils, the use of biological control agents, biopesticides and bioremediation agents, and the need for correct statistics and experimentation in the analyses of the data obtained from soil systems.
Author: Jan Dirk van Elsas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420015206
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 698
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Book Description
In the ten years since the publication of Modern Soil Microbiology, the study of soil microbiology has significantly changed, both in the understanding of the diversity and function of soil microbial communities and in research methods. Ideal for students in a variety of disciplines, this second edition provides a cutting-edge examination of a fascinating discipline that encompasses ecology, physiology, genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology, and makes use of biochemical and biophysical approaches. The chapters cover topics ranging from the fundamental to the applied and describe the use of advanced methods that have provided a great thrust to the discipline of soil microbiology. Using the latest molecular analyses, they integrate principles of soil microbiology with novel insights into the physiology of soil microorganisms. The authors discuss the soil and rhizosphere as habitats for microorganisms, then go on to describe the different microbial groups, their adaptive responses, and their respective processes in interactive and functional terms. The book highlights a range of applied aspects of soil microbiology, including the nature of disease-suppressive soils, the use of biological control agents, biopesticides and bioremediation agents, and the need for correct statistics and experimentation in the analyses of the data obtained from soil systems.
Author: Jan Gliński
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048135842
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1075
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Book Description
This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a "first-up" volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering.
Author: Richard V. Pouyat
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030452166
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Author: W. W. Emerson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Clay soils
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
Clay partiche interactions; Soil gerometry and strength; Soil bonding agents; Modification of structure in the field; Soil management for agriculture.
