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Author: LaGina Gause
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781009070171
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"The verdict was delivered around 3:15 p.m. on April 29, 1992. People were enraged. Despite video showing Sergeant Stacey Koon and Officers Laurence Powell, Timothy Wind, and Theodore Briseno beating an unarmed African American motorist, a mostly White jury failed to convict the officers of the assault and excessive use of force against Rodney King. Within minutes, large crowds mobilized in and around the city of Los Angeles. For the next several days, the Los Angeles metropolitan area was teeming with assaults, looting, arson, and even murder. President H. W. Bush addressed the nation two days after the protests began.1 He focused on the "incidents of random terror and lawlessness." He argued that what was taking place was "not about civil rights. . .. It's not a message of protest. It's been the brutality of a mob, pure and simple." President Bush's focus on the property damage and violence was an effort to delegitimize the protesters' grievances. It was an attempt to justify the mobilization of thousands of law enforcement agents to Los Angeles. 2 He gave an extensive description of the law and order measures that were being deployed in response to the protests, and he only briefly discussed of how he planned to address the grievances that incited the protest. President Bush insisted that "[in] a civilized society, there can be no excuse - no excuse - for the murder, arson, theft, and vandalism that have terrorized the law-abiding citizens of Los Angeles""--
Author: LaGina Gause
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009075756
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
Does protest influence political representation? If so, which groups are most likely to benefit from collective action? The Advantage of Disadvantage makes a provocative claim: protests are most effective for disadvantaged groups. According to author LaGina Gause, legislators are more responsive to protesters than non-protesters, and after protesting, racial and ethnic minorities, people with low incomes, and other low-resource groups are more likely than white and affluent protesters to gain representation. Gause also demonstrates that online protests are less effective than in-person protests. Drawing on literature from across the social sciences as well as formal theory, a survey of policymakers, quantitative data, and vivid examples of protests throughout U.S. history, The Advantage of Disadvantage provides invaluable insights for scholars and activists seeking to understand how groups gain representation through protesting.
Author: Hartley Dean
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198737076
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
Through the overarching lens of the concepts of social advantage and disadvantage, this new and original edited volume - with contributions by 14 distinguished authors - provides an overview of a variety of conceptual frameworks and a spectrum of social inequalities, processes and divisions. It discusses poverty, social exclusion, capability deprivation, rights violations, social immobility, and human or social capital deficiency. From a global, European and UKperspective, it addresses the origins and effects of advantage and disadvantage in relation to family and childhood, education, work, and old age and the implications of divisions based on gender,'race', ethnicity, migration, religion, neighbourhood, and the experience of crime.
Author: Jonathan Wolff
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0199278261
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
The authors combine a philosophical analysis of the idea of disadvantage with proposals for moving society in the discretion of equality, by 'declustering disadvantage'. The book will help political philosophers, social policy theorists, and practitioners involved in the design and delivery of actual social policy.
Author: Laurel Thatcher Ulrich
Publisher: Vintage
ISBN: 0307416860
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 514
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Book Description
They began their existence as everyday objects, but in the hands of award-winning historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, fourteen domestic items from preindustrial America–ranging from a linen tablecloth to an unfinished sock–relinquish their stories and offer profound insights into our history. In an age when even meals are rarely made from scratch, homespun easily acquires the glow of nostalgia. The objects Ulrich investigates unravel those simplified illusions, revealing important clues to the culture and people who made them. Ulrich uses an Indian basket to explore the uneasy coexistence of native and colonial Americans. A piece of silk embroidery reveals racial and class distinctions, and two old spinning wheels illuminate the connections between colonial cloth-making and war. Pulling these divergent threads together, Ulrich demonstrates how early Americans made, used, sold, and saved textiles in order to assert their identities, shape relationships, and create history.
Author: Roger Th.A.J. Leenders
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792385011
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 586
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Book Description
What enables some organizations to routinely perform better than others? Conversely, what makes some firms consistently perform worse than their competitors? Within a single corporation, what enables some teams or individual firm members to outperform their counterparts? Through the concept of social capital, this book addresses these questions by studying the effects of relationship networks on the ability of corporate players (firms and their members) to attain their professional goals. The idea of social capital has become one of the premier approaches to studying networks in the context of organizations but the literature still lacks a conceptual paradigm that connects the various approaches, definitions and measure of social capital into an integrated analytical model. By explicitly connecting social networks to the goals of corporate players, this book provides a unifying framework to the study of social capital in an organizational context. In this volume `social capital' is defined as the resources that accrue to an actor through his or her social relationships and that aid in the attainment of goals. The book introduces the new notion of `social liability' as a framework to analyze the negative effects social networks can have on the attainment of goals by firms and/or their members. Corporate Social Capital and Liability thus presents a new way to tie together findings and approaches in the literature by explicitly addressing the distinction between networks and outcomes, the distinction between networks at the level of firms and networks at the level of individuals, and the distinction between positive outcomes of social structure (social capital) and negative outcomes (social liability). The book's contributors are forty-six acclaimed scholars from around the world with backgrounds in management, business and sociology. Together, they describe how social relationships within and between firms positively affect the ability of corporations to achieve fruitful alliances; gain access to information, resources, knowledge and financial capital; and recruit qualified personnel. The book makes an explicit distinction between networks at the level of firms and networks at the level of individuals. The outcomes of networks are also considered at these different analytical levels by addressing such questions as: how do social relationships between firms assist firms and individuals in the attainment of their goals? How do these relationships obstruct goals? What is the effect of networks between individuals (within and between firms) on the performance of these individuals and the firms they work for? Can networks be managed to yield social capital rather than social liability? The unifying framework of social capital and social liability is helpful in studying business enterprises, and also useful in other disciplines which analyze social networks and organizations, such as community studies, economics, and political science.
Author: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
Publisher: Library of Alexandria
ISBN: 1465515216
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Author: R. Darrell Bock
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9780898596861
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Based upon a large body of factual information,a critical view of the cognitive skills and potentials of young people in the United States in the 1980s. The data is analyzed using the most current statistical techniques and discussed from a broad psychological, sociological and educational perspective. The respondents to the survey were obtained by direct visits to households, not through convenient institutional sources, therefore allowing for a representative national sample. As such, the study typifies a complete cross-section of America's youth both in and out of school. The young people included in the sample were administered the ASVAB, a test battery which consists of ten separately timed and scored tests which assess a wide range of knowledge and skills from English-language reading and vocabulary, through secondary school mathematics understanding and quantitative competance, to quite specific vocational knowledge in technical fields. Differences in the profiles across the ten tests provide some of the more interesting results of the analysis.
Author: Corey M. Abramson
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674286820
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
Winner of the Outstanding Publication Award, Section on Aging and the Life Course, American Sociological Association Senior citizens from all walks of life face a gauntlet of physical, psychological, and social hurdles. But do the disadvantages some people accumulate over the course of their lives make their final years especially difficult? Or does the quality of life among poor and affluent seniors converge at some point? The End Game investigates whether persistent socioeconomic, racial, and gender divisions in America create inequalities that structure the lives of the elderly. “Avoiding reductionist frameworks and showing the hugely varying lifestyles of Californian seniors, The End Game poses a profound question: how can provision of services for the elderly cater for individual circumstances and not merely treat the aged as one grey block? Abramson eloquently and comprehensively expounds this complex question.” —Michael Warren, LSE Review of Books “The author’s approach situates inequality experienced by older Americans in a real world context and links culture, social life, biological life, and structural disparities in ways that allow readers to understand the intersectionality of diversity imbued in the lives of older Americans...Abramson opens a window into the reality of old age, the importance of culture and the impact it has on shared/prior experiences, and the inequalities that structure them.” —A. L. Lewis, Choice
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173051
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Author: Savita Kumra
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191632740
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Book Description
The issue of gender in organizations has attracted much attention and debate over a number of years. The focus of examination is inequality of opportunity between the genders and the impact this has on organizations, individual men and women, and society as a whole. It is undoubtedly the case that progress has been made with women participating in organizational life in greater numbers and at more senior levels than has been historically the case, challenging notions that senior and/or influential organizational and political roles remain a masculine domain. The Oxford Handbook of Gender in Organizations is a comprehensive analysis of thinking and research on gender in organizations with original contributions from key international scholars in the field. The Handbook comprises four sections. The first looks at the theoretical roots and potential for theoretical development in respect of the topic of gender in organizations. The second section focuses on leadership and management and the gender issues arising in this field; contributors review the extensive literature and reflect on progress made as well as commenting on hurdles yet to be overcome. The third section considers the gendered nature of careers. Here the focus is on querying traditional approaches to career, surfacing embedded assumptions within traditional approaches, and assessing potential for alternative patterns to evolve, taking into account the nature of women's lives and the changing nature of organizations. In its final section the Handbook examines masculinity in organizations to assess the diversity of masculinities evident within organizations and the challenges posed to those outside the norm. In bringing together a broad range of research and thinking on gender in organizations across a number of disciplines, sub-disciplines, and conceptual perspectives, the Handbook provides a comprehensive view of both contemporary thinking and future research directions.
