Adhesion Problems in the Recycling of Concrete PDF Download
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Author: Pieter C. Kreijger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461583128
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
The building explosion during the years 1945-1960 will inevitably lead to increased demolition in the next decades since the lifetime distribution of structures no longer fulfills its functional social requirements in an acceptable way. In the building period mentioned there was a great increase in reinforced and prestressed concrete construction. Consequently there is now more and more concrete to be demolished. Increasingly severe demands will be made upon demolition technology, including the demand for human- and environment-friendly techniques. On the other hand, the possibility of disposing of debris by dumping is steadily diminishing, especially close to major cities and generally in countries with a high population density. At the same time in such countries and in such urban areas a shortage of aggregates for making concrete will develop as a result of restrictions on aggregate working because of its effect on the environment and because of the unavailability of aggregate deposits due to urban development. From the foregoing it follows that recycling and re-use of environment- and human-friendly demolished and fragmented building rubble should be considered. The translation of this general problem into terms of materials science is possible by forming clear ideas of adhesion and cohesion: the whole process of demolition, fragmentation, and recycling or re-use of concrete is to break the bonding forces between atoms and molecules and to form new bonds across the interfaces of various particles of either the same nature or a different nature.
Author: Pieter C. Kreijger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461583128
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
The building explosion during the years 1945-1960 will inevitably lead to increased demolition in the next decades since the lifetime distribution of structures no longer fulfills its functional social requirements in an acceptable way. In the building period mentioned there was a great increase in reinforced and prestressed concrete construction. Consequently there is now more and more concrete to be demolished. Increasingly severe demands will be made upon demolition technology, including the demand for human- and environment-friendly techniques. On the other hand, the possibility of disposing of debris by dumping is steadily diminishing, especially close to major cities and generally in countries with a high population density. At the same time in such countries and in such urban areas a shortage of aggregates for making concrete will develop as a result of restrictions on aggregate working because of its effect on the environment and because of the unavailability of aggregate deposits due to urban development. From the foregoing it follows that recycling and re-use of environment- and human-friendly demolished and fragmented building rubble should be considered. The translation of this general problem into terms of materials science is possible by forming clear ideas of adhesion and cohesion: the whole process of demolition, fragmentation, and recycling or re-use of concrete is to break the bonding forces between atoms and molecules and to form new bonds across the interfaces of various particles of either the same nature or a different nature.
Author: F. Pacheco-Torgal
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857096907
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 671
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Book Description
The civil engineering sector accounts for a significant percentage of global material and energy consumption and is a major contributor of waste material. The ability to recycle and reuse concrete and demolition waste is critical to reducing environmental impacts in meeting national, regional and global environmental targets. Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste summarises key recent research in achieving these goals. Part one considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants and the economics of managing construction and demolition waste. Part two reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste. It begins with a comparison between conventional demolition and construction techniques before going on to discuss the preparation, refinement and quality control of concrete aggregates produced from waste. It concludes by assessing the mechanical properties, strength and durability of concrete made using recycled aggregates. Part three includes examples of the use of recycled aggregates in applications such as roads, pavements, high-performance concrete and alkali-activated or geopolymer cements. Finally, the book discusses environmental and safety issues such as the removal of gypsum, asbestos and alkali-silica reaction (ASR) concrete, as well as life-cycle analysis of concrete with recycled aggregates. Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste is a standard reference for all those involved in the civil engineering sector, as well as academic researchers in the field. Summarises key recent research in recycling and reusing concrete and demolition waste to reduce environmental impacts and meet national, regional and global environmental targets Considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants Reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste
Author: Francois de Larrard
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351052802
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 859
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Book Description
The concrete industry consumes thirty billion tons of aggregate annually, almost all from non-renewable natural sources. Demolition produces a growing amount of materials which are legally usable and readily available. If not used locally they must be transported and landfilled. Also, demolition generally takes place close to new construction sites: recycling promotes shorter transportation distances, a must for improving the overall environmental footprint of the construction world. This book encompasses all aspects of this current trend: How recycled aggregates are obtained and their properties. Improving their quality through phase selection or separation. Incorporating concrete from demolition into the cement production process and the properties of the product obtained. What are the properties of concrete incorporating recycled concrete aggregates at various replacement levels, throughout the lifecycle of the material, from the fresh state to the long-term, including durability and fire. How recycled concrete can be optimised for various uses. How this new structural material can be managed in reinforced concrete construction. Solid experience from a series of experimental sites, and drawing on the Recybéton project, which lasted more than 5 years and gathered about 50 partners (from both academia and industry). Specific issues in recycled concrete quality control. National practices in the most advanced countries, and the main national and European standards. Achieving a sustainable process.
Author: E.K. Lauritzen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482271273
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 553
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Book Description
This book forms the Proceedings of the Third International RILEM Symposium in Odense, Demark in October 1993. It includes reviews and reports of recent developments in the fields of demolition techniques and reuse of waste building materials, and focusses on the integration of demolition and recycling operations in the construction and housing indu
Author: Kho Pin Verian
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781622602827
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Author: T.C. Hansen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482267071
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
This new RILEM report contains state-of-the-art reviews on three topics: recycling of demolished concrete, recycling of masonry rubble and localized cutting by blasting of concrete. It has been compiled by an international RILEM Committee and draws on research and practical experience worldwide.
Author: Jorge de Brito
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781447145417
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
Concrete is the most used man-made material in the world since its invention. The widespread use of this material has led to continuous developments such as ultra-high strength concrete and self-compacting concrete. Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste focuses on the recent development which the use of various types of recycled waste materials as aggregate in the production of various types of concrete. By drawing together information and data from various fields and sources, Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste provides full coverage of this subject. Divided into two parts, a compilation of varied literature data related to the use of various types of industrial waste as aggregates in concrete is followed by a discussion of the use of construction and demolition waste as aggregate in concrete. The properties of the aggregates and their effect on various concrete properties are presented, and the quantitative procedure to estimate the properties of concrete containing construction and demolition waste as aggregates is explained. Current codes and practices developed in various countries to use construction and demolition waste as aggregates in concrete and issues related to the sustainability of cement and concrete production are also discussed. The comprehensive information presented in Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste will be helpful to graduate students, researchers and concrete technologists. The collected data will also be an essential reference for practicing engineers who face problems concerning the use of these materials in concrete production.
Author: Sarah Jenesen Southerland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Recycled HDPE (rHDPE) has many applications both in consumer and industrial applications. The main drawbacks of the rHDPE are 1) material property inconsistencies and 2) the difficulty of sorting out contaminants, which includes dirt, food remnants and objects that are not the expected material, from recycled items. Up until 2018, China was a critical destination for much of the world’s recycled materials where it was sorted, cleaned, and processed into pellets to form new products. In 2018, China changed their import laws forcing the US and others to redevelop their recycling supply chain. This upended the market for contaminated recyclables creating an opportunity for utilization of this material. This research aims to utilize rHDPE plastic with an undesirably high contamination rate produced by single stream recycling centers, and investigate potential market opportunities to capitalize an otherwise less desirable recycling stream. Currently U.S. Reclaimer facilities that make new pellets from recycled plastics want to purchase recycled material with a contamination rate of 1%, but recycling centers are producing bales with closer to 7 to 10% contamination. The goal of this thesis is to investigate utilization of 1% to 10% contaminated recycled HDPE material with the primary focus on rHDPE as a concrete aggregate substitute. Concrete accounts for 4% to 8% of the world’s carbon emissions [1]. The US consumed 102 million metric tons of concrete in 2019 which contributed 10.4 million metric tons of CO2 emissions [2]. As a concrete additive, rHDPE could contribute to a reduction in the consumption of concrete aggregate materials and become an avenue for carbon sequestration. The hypothesis, developed from previous work by Michael Short and team[3], is that dirty rHDPE can be shredded and surface activated using gamma radiation to create better adhesion between shredded components and/or adjacent materials. Material treated in this manor is also hypothesized to bond better to itself to enable use in alternative applications such as drainage pipes, plastic pallets, or other applications where porosity can be tolerated. The research entails designing and building a deterministically designed plastic shredder to shred collected recycled HDPE for testing of concrete samples made with various forms of the plastic: rinsed, fully cleaned, and contaminated rHDPE. Prepared sample sets were exposed to gamma radiation to activate the surface for improved bonding to concrete and aggregate. Treated and untreated materials were added to M15 mixed concrete substituting 1.25% aggregate for rHDPE. The resulting concrete test cylinders were compression tested and compared to unaltered M15 concrete as a control. The results showed that gamma-treated rHDPE concrete samples had the same ultimate compressive strength as the control while the untreated samples showed significantly worse performance. The experiments also showed that "dirty" rHDPE did not degrade the performance of the gamma-treated samples. The results were promising that a higher percentage of contamination may be acceptable more than the previous standard. Specifically, this thesis explores methods for using plastic in various states of cleanliness in different products, with the ideal goal of showing contaminated rHDPE can be activated with ionizing radiation so cement can adhere to it, and thus enable its use as a additive in concrete to increase strength and offset the use of crushed stone. The United States recycles 635.9 thousand metric tons of colored HDPE products per year which if utilized as concrete aggregates could save 65.2 thousand metric tons of CO2 per year from the reduction in aggregate consumed. With US Recycling facilities searching for new buyers and the market value for single family curb side recycling drooping almost 50% in the last two years [4]. rHDPE embedded concrete could be a new market opportunity to absorb the recycling stream as well as reduce the carbon footprint of concrete by reducing aggregate consumption.
Author: Benoit Bissonnette
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498704891
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Applying any material to an existing concrete surface intrinsically entails the development of a bond. Considering the ever increasing importance of concrete repair and protection, which imply the creation of an interface between two materials, an improved knowledge of concrete surface characteristics is paramount. Surface engineering, which has evolved from the world of metallurgy, addresses all surface-related considerations, notably adhesion. It provides a fundamental understanding of what will make the contact between two materials effective or not, allowing for interactions of variable intensity. It also comes with a variety of scientific tools for characterizing the quality of the substrate, the properties of the new material layer and their interface. In the case of concrete surface treatment, this is especially important for achieving lasting results. This book addresses the essentials of concrete surface engineering in view of a wide variety of concrete surface treatments, from protective coatings to repairs. It provides a leading-edge source of information for practicing engineers, architects, repair specialists, and researchers on the following topics: Surface engineering principles applied to concrete Methods and techniques for assessing concrete surface characteristics Fundamentals of adhesion between concrete and surface repairs/treatments Compatibility requirements for concrete surface repairs/treatments Review of surface preparation techniques available for concrete Achievement and appraisal of bond between existing concrete and surface repairs/treatments Benoît Bissonnette is professor of civil engineering at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. Luc Courard is professor of building materials at the University of Liège in Belgium. Andrzej Garbacz is professor of building materials engineering in the Department of Building Materials Engineering at the Warsaw University of Technology in Poland.
Author: Sidney Mindess
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1845694686
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
Concrete is the most widely-used construction material in the world. This important book summarises the wealth of recent research on improving qualities such as durability and sustainability as well as the emergence of a new generation of specialist concretes for particular applications. A number of chapters discuss new types of concrete such as autoclaved aerated concrete, high-strength concrete, sprayed concrete, fibre-reinforced concrete, lightweight concrete, self-compacting concrete, foamed and polymer concrete, together with their characteristics and applications. Other chapters review the development of concrete especially suited for particular conditions such as radiation protection, hot weather and underwater conditions, as well as the increasingly important area of recycling. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Developments in the formulation and reinforcement of concrete is a standard reference for civil and structural engineers. Summarises a wealth of recent research on improving qualities such as sustainability and durability Discusses new concrete types together with their characteristics and applications Reviews the development of concrete especially suited to particular conditions such as hot weather and under water
