Author: Ralph Anton Anthenien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 454

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Author: Ralph A. Anthenien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Carlos R. Saz-Parkinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: David Charles Walther
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 466

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Author: Stephen Da-Yen Tse
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 406

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Author: Guillermo Rein
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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A computational study has been carried out to investigate smoldering ignition and propagation in polyurethane foam. The onedimensional, transient, governing equations for smoldering combustion in a porous fuel are solved accounting for improved solid-phase chemical kinetics. A systematic methodology for the determination of solid-phase kinetics suitable for numerical models has been developed and applied to the simulation of smoldering combustion. This methodology consists in the correlation of a mathematical representation of a reaction mechanism with data from previous thermogravimetric experiments. Geneticalgorithm and trail-and-error techniques are used as the optimization procedures. The corresponding kinetic parameters for two different mechanisms of polyurethane foam smoldering kinetics are quantified: a previously proposed 3-step mechanism and a new 5-step mechanism. These kinetic mechanisms are used to model one-dimensionalsmoldering combustion, numerically solving for the solid-phase and gasphase conservation equations in microgravity with a forced flow of oxidizer gas. The results from previously conducted microgravity experiments with flexible polyurethane foam are used for calibration and testing of the model predictive capabilities. Both forward and opposed smoldering configurations are examined. The model describes well both opposed and forward propagation. Specifically, the model predicts the reaction-front thermal and species structure, the onset of smoldering ignition, and the propagation rate. The model results reproduce the most important features of the smolder process and represent a significant step forward in smoldering combustion modeling.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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HKUST Call Number: Thesis MECH 2002 WangJ.

Author: DL. Urban
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion modified
Languages : en
Pages : 11

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Results are presented from an experimental study on the ignition of the combustion modified (fire retarded) polyurethane foam Pyrell® (35.3 kg/m3 and 64.0 kg/m3) in elevated oxygen concentrations, ranging from 30 % to 60 %. The samples are exposed to an external flow and variable radiant heat flux on one face, and insulated on the other faces. The experiments show that Pyrell® undergoes a weak smoldering reaction that requires significant assistance in the form of external heat input in order to propagate. The results also show that given sufficient oxygen and radiant heat flux, the smoldering reaction can produce enough volatile fuel and heat to trigger a gas-phase ignition, i.e. a transition from smoldering to flaming, in pores in the char region. The experiments also indicate that high-density Pyrell® is more ignitable than low-density Pyrell®, which could be explained by the greater solid surface area for smoldering reactions to take place.

Author: Olivier Michael Putzeys
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 94

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Author: Morgan J. Hurley
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493925652
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 3510

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Book Description
Revised and significantly expanded, the fifth edition of this classic work offers both new and substantially updated information. As the definitive reference on fire protection engineering, this book provides thorough treatment of the current best practices in fire protection engineering and performance-based fire safety. Over 130 eminent fire engineers and researchers contributed chapters to the book, representing universities and professional organizations around the world. It remains the indispensible source for reliable coverage of fire safety engineering fundamentals, fire dynamics, hazard calculations, fire risk analysis, modeling and more. With seventeen new chapters and over 1,800 figures, the this new edition contains: Step-by-step equations that explain engineering calculations Comprehensive revision of the coverage of human behavior in fire, including several new chapters on egress system design, occupant evacuation scenarios, combustion toxicity and data for human behavior analysis Revised fundamental chapters for a stronger sense of context Added chapters on fire protection system selection and design, including selection of fire safety systems, system activation and controls and CO2 extinguishing systems Recent advances in fire resistance design Addition of new chapters on industrial fire protection, including vapor clouds, effects of thermal radiation on people, BLEVEs, dust explosions and gas and vapor explosions New chapters on fire load density, curtain walls, wildland fires and vehicle tunnels Essential reference appendices on conversion factors, thermophysical property data, fuel properties and combustion data, configuration factors and piping properties “Three-volume set; not available separately”