A Nexus Between Women's Empowerment And Their Risk Of HIV In India PDF Download
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Author: Deepanjali Vishwakarma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Background: Over the years, there has been growing evidence of continuously narrowing gender gap in new HIV infections in India, despite stagnation in the overall HIV prevalence. One of the reasons behind the exiting pattern in HIV/AIDS in the country is the poor status of women, lack of control over sexuality and poor reproductive & sexual rights. This paper analyses the inequalities in womenu2019s empowerment their HIV vulnerability and prevalence of HIV in India. Methods: The data has been taken from two rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2005-2006 & 2015-2016 for women age 15-49. The information on different dimensions of womenu2019s empowerment has been used and inequalities computed by using Liebersonu2019s Diversity Index. However, their risk and vulnerability to HIV has been analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.Results: Result portrays a large disparity in womenu2019s empowerment, which has emerged as the function of size of states. HIV prevalence among women has not been changed over the last decade (0.22 % to 0.23%) despite of decreased adult HIV prevalence from 0.28% in 2005-06 to 0.24 % in 2015-16. Risk of HIV among widowed women has increased from 1.51 % to 1.99 %. Women having control over own sexuality major in terms of their potential to refuse sex with their husband under certain condition is less likely to have HIV infection. On the other hand women whose husband has intense marital control behavior also portrays declining prevalence of HIV thus womenu2019s important and risk of HIV has a mix relationship.Conclusions: A combative relationship has been established between empowerment of women and their risk of HIV/AIDS. Results have been consistently showing the variations of inequality in womenu2019s empowerment across different states consequently affecting the risk of HIV/AIDS. Insuring sexual rights of women should be best strategy.
Author: Deepanjali Vishwakarma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Background: Over the years, there has been growing evidence of continuously narrowing gender gap in new HIV infections in India, despite stagnation in the overall HIV prevalence. One of the reasons behind the exiting pattern in HIV/AIDS in the country is the poor status of women, lack of control over sexuality and poor reproductive & sexual rights. This paper analyses the inequalities in womenu2019s empowerment their HIV vulnerability and prevalence of HIV in India. Methods: The data has been taken from two rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2005-2006 & 2015-2016 for women age 15-49. The information on different dimensions of womenu2019s empowerment has been used and inequalities computed by using Liebersonu2019s Diversity Index. However, their risk and vulnerability to HIV has been analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.Results: Result portrays a large disparity in womenu2019s empowerment, which has emerged as the function of size of states. HIV prevalence among women has not been changed over the last decade (0.22 % to 0.23%) despite of decreased adult HIV prevalence from 0.28% in 2005-06 to 0.24 % in 2015-16. Risk of HIV among widowed women has increased from 1.51 % to 1.99 %. Women having control over own sexuality major in terms of their potential to refuse sex with their husband under certain condition is less likely to have HIV infection. On the other hand women whose husband has intense marital control behavior also portrays declining prevalence of HIV thus womenu2019s important and risk of HIV has a mix relationship.Conclusions: A combative relationship has been established between empowerment of women and their risk of HIV/AIDS. Results have been consistently showing the variations of inequality in womenu2019s empowerment across different states consequently affecting the risk of HIV/AIDS. Insuring sexual rights of women should be best strategy.
Author: Shari Dworkin
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520272889
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
"What is women's empowerment, and how and why does it matter for women's health? Despite the rise of a human rights-based approach to women's health and increasing awareness of the synergies between women's health and empowerment, a lack of consensus remains as to how to measure empowerment and successfully intervene in ways that improve health. Women's Empowerment and Global Health provides thirteen detailed, multidisciplinary case studies from across the globe and through the course of a woman's life to show how science and advocacy can be creatively merged to enhance the agency and status of women. Accompanying short videos provide background about programs on the ground in India, the United States, Mexico, Nicaragua, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. Women's Empowerment and Global Health explores the promises and limits of programmatic, scientific, and rights-based work in real-world settings and provides the next generation of researchers and practitioners, as well as students in global and public health, sociology, anthropology, women's studies, law, business, and medicine, with cutting edge and inspirational examples of programs that point the way toward achieving women's equality and fulfilling the right to health."--Provided by publisher.
Author: Alka Narang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : HIV-positive women
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Author: United Nations Development Programme (India)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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A review of UNGASS report, India MDG findings and feedback from FGD participants brings out that the last 5 to 10 years have borne witness to unprecedented achievements in improving access to HIV treatment. However, much remains to be done in order to achieve the two targeted MDGs. The NACP-III has not been effective in translating the principled commitment to gender equality within the national HIV response into reality. It overlooks the dynamics between gender disparities and HIV and needs to incorporate women’s issues within the national response to HIV. Furthermore, funds and efforts are largely focused on prevention than on care, support and treatment.
Author: Sunita Kishor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Control (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
"This report examines the distribution and correlates of two different dimensions of the empowerment of currently married women age 15-49 in 23 developing countries"-- P. xv.
Author: Julia Buxton
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 183982882X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. Examining the impact of drug criminalisation on a previously overlooked demographic, this book argues that women are disproportionately affected by a flawed policy approach.
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: Jeni Klugman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464803609
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Despite recent advances in important aspects of the lives of girls and women, pervasive challenges remain. These challenges reflect widespread deprivations and constraints and include epidemic levels of gender-based violence and discriminatory laws and norms that prevent women from owning property, being educated, and making meaningful decisions about their own lives--such as whether and when to marry or have children. These often violate their most basic rights and are magnified and multiplied by poverty and lack of education. This groundbreaking book distills vast data and hundreds of studies to shed new light on deprivations and constraints facing the voice and agency of women and girls worldwide, and on the associated costs for individuals, families, communities, and global development. The volume presents major new findings about the patterns of constraints and overlapping deprivations and focuses on several areas key to women s empowerment: freedom from violence, sexual and reproductive health and rights, ownership of land and housing, and voice and collective action. It highlights promising reforms and interventions from around the world and lays out an urgent agenda for governments, civil society, development agencies, and other stakeholders, including a call for greater investment in data and knowledge to benchmark progress.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241549998
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights.
Author: Poul Rohleder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441903062
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Much has happened since the first appearance of AIDS in 1981: it has been identified, studied, and occasionally denied. The virus has shifted host populations and spread globally. Medicine, the social sciences, and world governments have joined forces to combat and prevent the disease. And South Africa has emerged as ground zero for the pandemic. The editors of HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On present the South African crisis as a template for addressing the myriad issues surrounding the epidemic worldwide, as the book brings together a widely scattered body of literature, analyzes psychosocial and sexual aspects contributing to HIV transmission and prevention, and delves into complex intersections of race, gender, class, and politics. Including largely overlooked populations and issues (e.g., prisoners, persons with disabilities, stigma), as well as challenges shaping future research and policy, the contributors approach their topics with rare depth, meticulous research, carefully drawn conclusions, and profound compassion. Among the topics covered: The relationship between HIV and poverty, starting from the question, "Which is the determinant and which is the consequence?" Epidemiology of HIV among women and men: concepts of femininity and masculinity, and gender inequities as they affect HIV risk; gender-specific prevention and intervention strategies. The impact of AIDS on infants and young children: risk and protective factors; care of children by HIV-positive mothers; HIV-infected children. Current prevention and treatment projects, including local-level responses, community-based work, and VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) programs. New directions: promoting circumcision, vaccine trials, "positive prevention." South Africa’s history of AIDS denialism. The urgent lessons in this book apply both globally and locally, making HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On uniquely instructive and useful for professionals working in HIV/AIDS and global public health.
