A Hydrological-economic Modelling Approach to Dryland Salinity in Western Australia PDF Download
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Author: J. Gomboso
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Author: J. Gomboso
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Author: Jeanette Gomboso
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils, Salts in
Languages : en
Pages : 1206
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Book Description
Author: Tennille Graham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
[Truncated abstract] The salinisation of agricultural land, urban infrastructure and natural habitat is a serious and increasing problem in southern Australia. Government funding has been allocated to the problem to attempt to reduce substantial costs associated with degradation of agricultural and non-agricultural assets. Nevertheless, Government funding has been small relative to the size of the problem and therefore expenditure needs to be carefully targeted to interventions that will achieve the greatest net benefits. For intervention to be justified, the level of salinity resulting from private landholder decisions must exceed the level that is optimal from the point of view of society as a whole, and the costs of government intervention must be less than the benefits gained by society. This study aims to identify situations when government intervention is justified to manage dryland salinity that threatens to affect road infrastructure (a public asset). A key gap in the environmental economics literature is research that considers dryland salinity as a pollution that has off-site impacts on public assets. This research developed two hydrological/economic models to achieve this objective. The first was a simple economic model representing external costs from dryland salinity. This model was used to identify those variables that have the biggest impact on the net-benefits possible from government intervention. The second model was a combined hydro/economic model that represents the external costs from dryland salinity on road infrastructure. The hydrological component of the model applied the method of metamodelling to simplify a complex, simulation model to equations that could be easily included in the economic model. The key variables that have the biggest impact on net-benefits of dryland salinity mitigation were the value of the off-site asset and the time lag before the onset of dryland salinity in the absence of intervention. ... In the case study of dryland salinity management in the Date Creek subcatchment of Western Australia, the economics of vegetation-based and engineering strategies were investigated for road infrastructure. In general, the engineering strategies were more economically beneficial than vegetation-based strategies. In the case-study catchment, the cost of dryland salinity affecting roads was low relative to the cost to agricultural land. Nevertheless, some additional change in land management to reduce impacts on roads (beyond the changes justified by agricultural land alone) was found to be optimal in some cases. Reinforcing the results from the simple model, a key factor influencing the economics of dryland salinity management was the urgency of the problem. If costs from dryland salinity were not expected to occur until 30 years or more, the optimal response in the short-term was to do nothing. Overall, the study highlights the need for governments to undertake comprehensive and case-specific analysis before committing resources to the management of dryland salinity affecting roads. There were many scenarios in the modelling analysis where the benefits of interventions would not be sufficient to justify action.
Author: J. Gomboso
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils, Salts in
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Author: Glyn Wittwer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940072876X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
The book details the innovative TERM (The Enormous Regional Model) approach to regional and national economic modeling, and explains the conversion from a comparative-static to a dynamic model. It moves on to an adaptation of TERM to water policy, including the additional theoretical and database requirements of the dynamic TERM-H2O model. In particular, it examines the contrasting economic impacts of water buyback policy and recurring droughts in the Murray-Darling Basin. South-east Queensland, where climate uncertainty has been borne out by record-breaking drought and the worst floods in living memory, provides a chapter-length case study. The exploration of the policy background and implications of TERM’s dynamic modeling will provide food for thought in policy making circles worldwide, where there is a pressing need for solutions to similarly intractable problems in water management.
Author: S. Mahendrarajah
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
This accessible volume fills a much-needed gap and addresses coreissues on how economic and environmental systems are interconnectedlooking at how economic frameworks and features of environmentalsystems can be integrated within formal models to address changesand associated resource management issues at appropriate levels:micro level and national or global level. The more the relationship between economic and environmentalsystems is studied analytically and empirically, the more aware webecome of the gap in our existing knowledge of environmental dataand process parameters. While important empirical questions areunanswered in environmental economics literature, work on theenvironmental science of ecological systems fails to raise theright questions and identify key variables in human-exploitedecosystems. This book covers: * Concepts and Methods * Land, Water and Production * Biodiversity, Preservation and Production * Pollution Externalities * The Environment and Global Economy This timely book will be of interest to environmental scientists,economists and policy makers, students, academics, and researchersinterested in ecosystems modelling, ecological economics andenvironmental resource economics.
Author: L.W. Holmes
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444601996
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
Land and Stream Salinity is a compilation of papers that review the state and knowledge of processes involved in land and stream salinity, and that consider its application in different environments. This book also identifies gaps in research and development, and it designates the priorities that could significantly benefit salinity control. In addition, it identifies alternative strategies of land and water management for salinity control and determines techniques for evaluating quantitatively the alternative strategies. Furthermore, this book focuses on salinity problems in south Western Australia. After discussing the history and effects of salinity in Western Australia, the book considers the influence of plant communities on the hydrology of catchments, and it discusses evapotranspiration rates from wet and dry foliage and soil water deficit. This is followed by the transport of salts in soils and subsoils; the residence times of water and solutes within and below the root zone and saturated zone; analyses of solute distributions in deeply weathered soils; and the transport of salts in catchments and soils. This book also includes chapters on the saline seed development and control in the North American Great Plains, and the terrain, groundwater and secondary salinity in Victoria, Australia. It also presents the hydrologic model, the solute-transport models and their role in the analysis of groundwater, and the hydrosalinity models. The last chapters focus on different kinds of management for salinity control.
Author: J Williams
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN: 0643105697
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 542
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Book Description
Dryland farming is a major export earner for many temperate-zone countries, yet it continues to degrade a country's natural resources. Effects are not restricted to the land - changes in water quality can reduce the potential uses of water and bring about catastrophic changes in both freshwater and coastal ecosystems. Farming Action: Catchment Reaction provides a comprehensive technical overview of the relationships between dryland farming systems and catchment land and water quality in Australia, and integrates it in a whole system framework. It deals with the issues in terms of people, pointers, processes and prediction as it discusses social aspects of developing and implementing research to improve dryland farming systems in catchment management programs, indicators of catchment health, and the processes which determine the impact of the farming action on the catchment response. It concludes by considering the adequacy of our ability to use this process knowledge in models to predict the effect of dryland farming on catchment condition.
Author: Glyn Wittwer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400728776
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
The book details the innovative TERM (The Enormous Regional Model) approach to regional and national economic modeling, and explains the conversion from a comparative-static to a dynamic model. It moves on to an adaptation of TERM to water policy, including the additional theoretical and database requirements of the dynamic TERM-H2O model. In particular, it examines the contrasting economic impacts of water buyback policy and recurring droughts in the Murray-Darling Basin. South-east Queensland, where climate uncertainty has been borne out by record-breaking drought and the worst floods in living memory, provides a chapter-length case study. The exploration of the policy background and implications of TERM’s dynamic modeling will provide food for thought in policy making circles worldwide, where there is a pressing need for solutions to similarly intractable problems in water management.
Author: CSIRO
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN: 9780643066113
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Dryland salinity is becoming a growing problem for Australia, as it impacts upon agriculture, water quality, infrastructure and the environment. In the context of developing a national policy for natural resource management, this report contains the outcomes of the review of the current national policy framework on dryland salinity and outlines new strategic directions. This policy framework recognises that dryland salinity should be addressed in an integrated manner with other land, water and vegetation degradation issues. Rather than in isolation, and at the appropriate catchment and regional scale. While this report can provide a broad approach to addressing dryland salinity, it does not suggest that the dryland salinity problem can be entirely solved or that we have all the knowledge required to develop solutions to the problem. The directions outlined in this document are the result of a fruitful collaboration across jurisdictions, acknowledging that governments and industry must work together in partnership with communities to ensure that the future management of dryland salinity achieves significant positive change.
