A Genetic Analysis of Ommatidial Planar Polarity Determination During the Development of the Drosophila Compound Eye PDF Download
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Author: Chung-Hui Yang (Neurobiology professor)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: Chung-Hui Yang (Neurobiology professor)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: Kevin Moses
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540453989
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
1 Kevin Moses It is now 25 years since the study of the development of the compound eye in Drosophila really began with a classic paper (Ready et al. 1976). In 1864, August Weismann published a monograph on the development of Diptera and included some beautiful drawings of the developing imaginal discs (Weismann 1864). One of these is the first description of the third instar eye disc in which Weismann drew a vertical line separating a posterior domain that included a regular pattern of clustered cells from an anterior domain without such a pattern. Weismann suggested that these clusters were the precursors of the adult ommatidia and that the line marks the anterior edge of the eye. In his first suggestion he was absolutely correct - in his second he was wrong. The vertical line shown was not the anterior edge of the eye, but the anterior edge of a moving wave of patterning and cell type specification that 112 years later (1976) Ready, Hansen and Benzer would name the "morphogenetic furrow". While it is too late to hear from August Weismann, it is a particular pleasure to be able to include a chapter in this Volume from the first author of that 1976 paper: Don Ready! These past 25 years have seen an astonishing explosion in the study of the fly eye (see Fig.
Author: Marek Mlodzik
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080458610
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 183
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Book Description
Cellular polarization is key to all cellular functions. Our perceptions, which are derived from our senses, depend on the proper cellular polarization of our sense organs, such as the eyes or ears. Much of this book examines the different aspects in cellular polarization and its researched role in the Drosophila, where the first planar cellular polarity (PCP) gene was discovered over 20 years ago. Topics also include: From flies to man: how we are polarized, Marking an embryo work, Cellular polarization at its functional best, Hearing and seeing your environment, and From a cell to an organ.This series represents timely issues in developmental biology. It provides annual reviews of selected topics, written from the perspectives of leading investigators in the field of development.* Presents many various organisms such as flies, fish, frogs and mice* Offers over 40 exceptional illustrations* First of its kind to include new data and detailed models on cell planar polarization
Author: David Landreth Van Vactor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Author: Douglas W Houston
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128125918
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Cell Polarity in Development and Disease offers insights into the basic molecular mechanisms of common diseases that arise as a result of a loss of ordered organization and intrinsic polarity. Included are diseases affecting highly polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, as well as loss and gain of cell polarity in the onset and progression of cancer. This book provides a basic resource for understanding the biology of polarity, offering a starting point for those thinking of targeting cell polarity for translational medical research. - Provides basic science understanding of cell polarity disease and development - Covers diseases affecting polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, also covering the progression of cancer - Includes historical context of cell polarity research for potential future breakthroughs
Author: Amit Singh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461482321
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
Undoubtedly, Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly, has proved to be one of the most popular invertebrate model organisms, and the work horse for modern day biologists. Drosophila, a highly versatile model with a genetic legacy of more than a century, provides powerful genetic, cellular, biochemical and molecular biology tools to address many questions extending from basic biology to human diseases. One of the most important questions in biology focuses on how does a multi-cellular organism develop from a single-celled embryo. The discovery of the genes responsible for pattern formation has helped refine this question, and led to other questions, such as the role of various genetics and cell biological pathways in regulating the crucial process of pattern formation and growth during organogenesis. Drosophila eye model has been extensively used to study molecular genetic mechanisms involved in patterning and growth. Since the genetic machinery involved in the Drosophila eye is similar to humans, it has been used to model human diseases and homology to eyes in other taxa. This book will discuss molecular genetic mechanisms of pattern formation, mutations in axial patterning, Genetic regulation of growth in Drosophila eye, and more. There have been no titles in the past ten years covering this topic, thus an update is urgently needed.
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Cell motility is essential for many aspects of normal animal development. However, little is known about how cell motility and associated changes in cell shape are regulated in the context of epithelial tissue patterning. This study investigates the cell motility of developing ommatidia, a process known as ommatidial rotation, during Drosophila eye development. The Drosophila eye consists of approximately 800 ommatidia that have to be precisely aligned with respect to one another for proper eye function. This precise alignment is achieved as ommatidia rotate 90° within the plain of the eye imaginal disc epithelium. Only a few mutations have been identified that disrupt this process and the signalling pathways regulating ommatidial rotation remain yet to be revealed. This study characterizes the argosroulette mutation, in which ommatidia rotate to various degrees. Argos is a secreted inhibitor of Spitz, the main activating ligand of the Epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr). The experiments presented show that modulation of Egfr activity causes defects in ommatidial rotation and implicate the Raf/MAPK/Pointed cascade as well as the Ras binding protein Canoe as downstream effectors of Egfr/Ras in this process. Furthermore, evidence is provided indicating that the regulation of cell adhesion via cadherins is critical for this process. In particular, the atypical cadherin flamingo, a gene known to regulate epithelial planar polarity, appears to play a key role in ommatidial rotation, as its sub-cellular localisation is disturbed in argosroulette mutants. Genetic interactions further implicate non-muscle Myosin II as well as genes involved in actin polymerisation/depolymerisation in this process. This study also describes the design of an F1 screen intended to identify new genes involved in ommatidial rotation. Preliminary results obtained in a pilot screen identified the Drosophila PDGF/VEGF receptor orthologue (PVR) as a candidate. The requirement of Egfr and a poten.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Drosophila compound eye represents an experimental system in which developmental decisions can be observed at a single-cell resolution. During larval development undifferentiated cells are sequentially recruited to form the individual subunits of the eye via cell-cell interactions which require Ras pathway activity.In this thesis I present the characterisation of two genes which play a part in eye development which were identified as part of the analysis of an enhancer detector P- element insertion. These are the small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA (dTFIIA-S) and F125.dTFIIA-S was cloned and is transiently expressed in photoreceptor cells during their determination. Mutations generated in this locus are homozygous cellular lethal. However, a putative hypomorphic allele disrupts ommatidial assembly and eye development. In addition, these mutations act as dominant second-site suppressers of the rough eye phenotype caused by ectopic activation of the Ras pathway in eye development. The interactions between TFIIA and transcription factors activated by Ras in vivo can thus be genetically dissected and appear to support previous in vitro studies.FI25 was isolated and sequenced and encodes a novel protein. It is expressed during embryonic and eye development. A P-element allele of FI25 was obtained and represents a hypomorphic mutation in the locus which is characterised by a failure of rhabdomere development. Additional alleles of FI25 were generated by remobilisation of the mutagenic P-element insertion and are currently being investigated.
Author: Manolis Fanto
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Author: Kevin Moses
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783642536397
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
The compound eye of "Drosophila" is used as a model for human disease and homology to eyes in other taxa. This book covers the major discoveries on the development of the compound eye of "Drosophila melanogaster" over the last 25 years. These include aspects of the biological mechanisms of pattern formation in the nervous system, the specification of neuronal cell types, unexpected phylogenetic conservation and many new insights into the function of several signal transduction pathways. All chapters in this book have been written by leading experts in this field who have made significant contributions to our understanding of fly eye development.
