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Author: Hirokazu Sugiyama
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086157
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
This study presents a business model of continuous improvement in pharmaceutical production processes. The model covers the lifecycle of an improvement, i.e. opportunity identification, project execution and change implementation, with considering various pharma-specific constraints such as GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice). The model is described as so-called an activity model using IDEF0 (Integrated DEFinition type 0) in order to define activities and sub-activities in a clear and consistent manner. A roll-defining model termed RACI (responsible, accountable, consulted and informed) is uniquely combined with the IDEF0 model, for characterizing roles of various stakeholders in each improvement step. The model was developed and applied in a new sterile drug product manufacturing facility of Roche in Kaiseraugst, Switzerland. In this start-up facility, a case study was performed for reducing losses of valuable biologics drug products with a continuous and organization-wide effort.
Author: Hirokazu Sugiyama
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086157
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 17
Get Book Here
Book Description
This study presents a business model of continuous improvement in pharmaceutical production processes. The model covers the lifecycle of an improvement, i.e. opportunity identification, project execution and change implementation, with considering various pharma-specific constraints such as GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice). The model is described as so-called an activity model using IDEF0 (Integrated DEFinition type 0) in order to define activities and sub-activities in a clear and consistent manner. A roll-defining model termed RACI (responsible, accountable, consulted and informed) is uniquely combined with the IDEF0 model, for characterizing roles of various stakeholders in each improvement step. The model was developed and applied in a new sterile drug product manufacturing facility of Roche in Kaiseraugst, Switzerland. In this start-up facility, a case study was performed for reducing losses of valuable biologics drug products with a continuous and organization-wide effort.
Author: Songong Liu
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085258
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Chromatographic operations are identified as critical steps in a monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification process and can represent a significant proportion of the purification material costs. The optimisation of chromatography equipment sizing strategies is therefore crucial to improve the cost-effectiveness of mAb manufacture. In this work, a mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) was developed to determine the optimal chromatography column sizing decisions, so as to minimise the cost of goods per gram (COG/g) of the whole mAb manufacturing process. Modelling challenges related with non-linearities involving the multiplication of decision variables were addressed by the use of linearisation techniques allowing the resulting model to determine global process performance metrics (e.g. chromatography processing time, COG/g). The application of the MILP model to an industrially-relevant case study combined with the use of visualisation methods proved to be a valuable tool to explore the characteristics of the optimal sizing strategies across different scenarios and to facilitate decision-making.
Author: Jian-Guo Wang
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085436
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
The plant input variables are transformed into the derived variables, which are physically and statistically meaningful for modeling. Then, this study proposed an adaptive modeling approach by employing nonnegative garrote variable selection and auto-regression integrated moving average correction. The high accuracy of the proposed modeling approaches makes the implementation of the model-based control of ratio of air to fuel for improving boiler's efficiency readily practicable.
Author: Laurence Tock
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085606
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
In the context of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising alternative for fossil fuel fed power plants. In order to design and evaluate the competitiveness of such complex integrated energy conversion systems, a systematic comparison including thermodynamic, economic and environmental considerations is necessary. From a process engineering perspective, it is important to evaluate the impact of CO2 capture not only on the efficiency but also on the costs and on the environmental impacts, and to assess the trade-offs. This paper presents the development of a systematic thermo-environomic optimisation strategy for the consistent modelling, comparison and optimisation of fuel decarbonisation options. In particular, it is highlighted how the economic scenario influences the competitiveness and hence the optimal process design.
Author: Calin-Cristian Cormos
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085320
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions generated from energy sector in the following years is a compulsory step to the transition to low carbon resource efficient economy. Among various methods to reduce CO2 emissions, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies have a special importance. A promising carbon capture method to be applied in energy conversion processes for reducing the energy penalty associated with carbon capture is based on chemical looping systems. This paper investigates CO2 capture based on chemical looping systems suitable to be applied in an IGCC plant for energy vectors poly-generation with emphasis on hydrogen and power co-generation case. The coal-based IGCC cases produce about 400 – 600 MW net electricity and a flexible hydrogen output from zero up to 150 MW hydrogen (based on hydrogen lower heating value) with almost total carbon capture rate of the used fossil fuel. A particular accent is put in the paper on the assessment of process integration issues of gasifier island and syngas conditioning line with the chemical looping unit, mathematical modeling and simulation of whole plant, thermal and power integration of chemical looping unit in the whole IGCC plant (using pinch analysis) and discussing quality specifications for captured CO2 stream considering storage in geological formations or using for EOR.
Author: Marina Fedorova
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086289
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
This work focuses on the development of a computer-aided modeling framework. The framework is a knowledge-based system that is built on a generic modeling language and structured on workflows for different modeling tasks. The overall objective of this work is to support model developers and users to generate and test models systematically, efficiently and reliably. In this way, development of products and processes can be made faster, cheaper and more efficient. In this contribution, as part of the framework a generic modeling template for the systematic derivation of problem specific catalytic membrane fixed bed reactor models is presented. The application of the modeling template is highlighted with a case study related to the modeling of a catalytic membrane reactor coupling dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with hydrogenation of nitrobenzene.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444632417
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1085
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Book Description
Computer-aided process engineering (CAPE) plays a key design and operations role in the process industries, from the molecular scale through managing complex manufacturing sites. The research interests cover a wide range of interdisciplinary problems related to the current needs of society and industry. ESCAPE 23 brings together researchers and practitioners of computer-aided process engineering interested in modeling, simulation and optimization, synthesis and design, automation and control, and education. The proceedings present and evaluate emerging as well as established research methods and concepts, as well as industrial case studies. - Contributions from the international community using computer-based methods in process engineering - Reviews the latest developments in process systems engineering - Emphasis on industrial and societal challenges
Author: Flavio Manenti
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
Multiscale process modeling is very appealing methodology for process optimization since it highlights certain issues that remain unexplored with conventional methodologies and debottlenecks certain potentialities that remain unexploited in chemical plants. In this work, a kinetic model with 2400 reactions and 140 species is implemented in a proper reactor network to characterize the thermal furnace and the waste heat boiler of sulfur recovery units; the network with detailed kinetics is the kernel of a Claus process simulation that include all the unit operations and the catalytic train. By doing so, reliable estimation of acid gas conversion, elemental sulfur recovery, and steam generation is achieved with the possibility to carry out an integrated process-energy optimization at the total plant scale.
Author: Tamara Popovic
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086548
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Wastewater treatment is an important process of considerable significance for environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainability. Although wastewater treatment helps reduce environmental pollution, thus limiting negative societal effects, it may have negative impacts on sustainability; for instance, waste discharged during the treatment. Determination of the impact of a particular process generally involves application of a set of sustainability indicators that evaluate environmental, economic and societal issues. However, indicators are usually presented without a description that is sufficiently detailed to enable repetition of the calculations. For example, sustainability indicators for evaluation of wastewater treatment processes are commonly presented in tabular form. The objective of this work is to assess a set of sustainability indicators for evaluation of environmental, economic and societal aspects of wastewater treatment processes. Some of the presented indicators have not previously been used in the context of wastewater treatment. Usually environmental sustainability is assessed through calculation of greenhouse gas release, waste discharge and energy use. Economic sustainability is determined by estimating capital and wastewater operating costs. Social sustainability is evaluated based on working conditions, e. g., worker stress, work satisfaction and attitudes to achieving sustainability. The applicability of the approach and indicators chosen is evaluated with case studies of wastewater treatment for which the presented sustainability indicators are calculated. The results show that environmental and economic indicators can easily be determined quantitatively, but social indicators require a qualitative approach. The usability of the indicators and their limitations are critically analyzed.
Author: T. Coenen
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086378
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Book Description
This paper studies the optimization of photochemical reactors for the production of hy-droxyl radicals which can be used in advanced oxidation processes for water purification. Minimization of the energy cost of the applied UV-lamp(s) is possible via a modelbased optimization of the reactor geometry. To this end, 2D reactor models are first built taking into account balance equations, reaction kinetics, reactor geometry and radiation intensity. Two tubular reactor configurations with cylinder-shaped UV-lamps are studied: a single-lamp reactor with only one lamp located at the reactor axis and a multi-lamp reactor in which the lamps are positioned symmetrically in a circular pattern. Afterwards well-posed optimization problems are formulated. For given values of the reactor volume, the flow of water to be treated and the radiation power of the UV-lamps, the aim is to minimize the average concentration of an organic pollutant at the reactor outlet. For the single-lamp reactor the optimal reactor diameter is computed, while for the multi-lamp reactor the optimal location of the lamps in the radial direction is calculated. From the results, it follows that an optimal reactor diameter (and length) exists for the single-lamp reactor (and for the multi-lamp reactor). For the multi-lamp reactor, an optimal lamp position exists. It has been shown that for the latter reactor an optimal number of lamps exists, trading off an improved radiation intensity uniformity and a decreased radiation penetration due to a lower radiation power per lamp.
