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Author: George E. Mustoe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Paleobotany
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Petrified wood has traditionally been divided into two categories based on preservation processes: permineralization (where tissues are entombed within a mineral-filled matrix) and replacement (where organic anatomical features have been replicated by inorganic materials). New analytical evidence suggests that for most petrified wood, permineralization and replacement are not independent processes; instead, both processes may occur contemporaneously during diagenesis. Infiltration of mineral-bearing groundwater may initially cause permineralization of cellular tissues, but the wood is undergoing gradual degradation. The degree of anatomical preservation thus depends on the relative rates of mineral precipitation and tissue destruction. Rapid rates of mineralization under relatively mild Eh and pH conditions favor the preservation of organic matter. These conditions appear to be more common for calcium carbonate deposition than for silicification, based on observations of fossil woods from many localities. Because of these preservational complexities, ?mineralization? and ?mineralized? are more accurate as general descriptive terms than ?permineralization? and ?permineralized?.
Author: George E. Mustoe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Paleobotany
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Petrified wood has traditionally been divided into two categories based on preservation processes: permineralization (where tissues are entombed within a mineral-filled matrix) and replacement (where organic anatomical features have been replicated by inorganic materials). New analytical evidence suggests that for most petrified wood, permineralization and replacement are not independent processes; instead, both processes may occur contemporaneously during diagenesis. Infiltration of mineral-bearing groundwater may initially cause permineralization of cellular tissues, but the wood is undergoing gradual degradation. The degree of anatomical preservation thus depends on the relative rates of mineral precipitation and tissue destruction. Rapid rates of mineralization under relatively mild Eh and pH conditions favor the preservation of organic matter. These conditions appear to be more common for calcium carbonate deposition than for silicification, based on observations of fossil woods from many localities. Because of these preservational complexities, ?mineralization? and ?mineralized? are more accurate as general descriptive terms than ?permineralization? and ?permineralized?.
Author: Neil Suneson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Trees, Fossil
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: Erling Dorf
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Paleobotany
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Author: Guang Yang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119390346
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 787
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Book Description
An authoritative introduction to the science and engineering of bioinspired materials Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering offers a comprehensive view of the science and engineering of bioinspired materials and includes a discussion of biofabrication approaches and applications of bioinspired materials as they are fed back to nature in the guise of biomaterials. The authors also review some biological compounds and shows how they can be useful in the engineering of bioinspired materials. With contributions from noted experts in the field, this comprehensive resource considers biofabrication, biomacromolecules, and biomaterials. The authors illustrate the bioinspiration process from materials design and conception to application of bioinspired materials. In addition, the text presents the multidisciplinary aspect of the concept, and contains a typical example of how knowledge is acquired from nature, and how in turn this information contributes to biological sciences, with an accent on biomedical applications. This important resource: Offers an introduction to the science and engineering principles for the development of bioinspired materials Includes a summary of recent developments on biotemplated formation of inorganic materials using natural templates Illustrates the fabrication of 3D-tumor invasion models and their potential application in drug assessments Explores electroactive hydrogels based on natural polymers Contains information on turning mechanical properties of protein hydrogels for biomedical applications Written for chemists, biologists, physicists, and engineers, Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering contains an indispensible resource for an understanding of bioinspired materials science and engineering.
Author: California. State Mineral Cabinet
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minerals
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Author: Joseph LeConte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 714
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Author: Joseph Le Conte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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![Supplement to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Editons of the Encyclopædia Britannica. With Preliminary Dissertations on the History of the Sciences. Ilustrated by Engravings. Volume First [- Sixth] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/q6ynrNvB4gUC?fife=w80-h100)
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 912
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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