Why Is Canada's Unemployment Rate Persistently Higher than that in the US?. PDF Download
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Author: Riddell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Riddell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Herbert G. Grubel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Author: Orley Ashenfelter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Unemployment
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Throughout the post-war period, U.S. and Canadian unemployent rates moved in tandem, but this historical link apparently ended in 1982. During the past three years, Canadian unemployment rates have been some three percentage points higher than their U.S. analogues, and this gap shows no sign of diminishing. This paper is an empirical evaluation of a variety of explanations for this new unemployment gap. We first show that the demographic and industrial composition of the two countries is remarkably similar, so that no simple mechanical hypothesis explain the basic puzzle. It is also evident that the increase in Canadian unemployment relative to U.S. unemployment can not be fully attributed to output movements. We find that the gap between actual and predicted Canadian output, based on U.S. output, has fallen dramatically since 1982 while the unemployment gap has widened. We also find that unemployment in Canada was 2 to 3 percentage points higher in 1983 and 1984 than predicted by Canadian output. We have investigated a variety of hypotheses to explain the slow growth of employment in Canada after 1982. These hypotheses attribute the slow growth of employment to rigidities in the labor market that raise employers' costs and restrict the flow of workers between sectors. The evidence does not support the notion that the growth in relative unemployment in Canada is due to differences in the regulation of the labor market in the two countries. Minimum wage laws and unemployment benefits are fairly similar in Canada and the U.S., and neither has changed relative to the other in the last decade. Unionization rates have increased in Canada relative to US. since 1970. Most of this divergence occured before 1980, however, and does not seem to have created an unemployment gap prior to 1980. Finally, the hypothesis that differential real wage rates are a major determinant of relative employment in the U.S. and Canada is soundly rejected by the data. Real wage rates have been essentially uncorrelated with
Author: John R. Lott
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1621570614
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Barack Obama has taken America to the brink of financial ruin. Will we be able to stop before we go over the edge? Author John Lott sounds the alarm as he documents the economic challenges we face with four more years of an Obama presidency, and builds an case for fundamental change—the kind we need to save America.
Author: Paul J. Quirk
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190870850
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
The United States and Canada share the longest border in the world, maintain one of the closest alliances, and are notably similar in many ways. Yet the two countries also have important differences, including sharply contrasting political institutions. In The United States and Canada, Paul J. Quirk has gathered a distinguished cast of contributors to present an integrated comparative examination of the political systems of the United States and Canada-with special attention to the effects of political institutions and their interaction with political values, geographic and demographic factors, and other influences. The volume explores the differences between the American presidential (or separation-of-powers) system and the Canadian parliamentary system-focusing on electoral and party systems, executive leadership and the legislative process, bureaucratic influence, and federalism. It proceeds to examine patterns of governance in a wide range of issue areas: economic policy; climate-change policy; healthcare policy; civil rights/integration and immigration; and abortion and gay rights. A sweeping comparative account, this volume serves as an authoritative guide for anyone interested in why the two countries differ and where they might be headed.
Author: Grover Glenn Norquist
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118240472
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
A provocative critique of the Obama administration's economic policies and an examination of America's difficult economic future During the 2008 presidential campaign, Barack Obama promised "a net spending cut" to make government smaller in order to reduce the deficit. But this huge increase in government spending and debt, and the resulting prospect of higher taxes, will make America a poorer country. Are Americans happier because the government has determined where this money should be spent? According to John Lott and Americans for Tax Reform President Grover Norquist, the answer is no, and in Debacle: Obama's War on Jobs and Growth and What We Can Do Now to Regain Our Future they explain why. Obama's economic policies have raised unemployment, slowed economic growth, dramatically raised the national debt, squandered taxpayer money through poor investments, and damaged the housing market. The book explains why Obama's policies on spending, taxes, and regulation have all worked to harm the recovery, increase unemployment, and depress housing prices. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the deficits that President Obama proposes for the years from 2011 through 2020 come to a staggering $126,000 per family of four, and John Lott and Grover Norquist make clear why the costs outweigh the benefits Explains why Keynesian economics is more a way of transferring wealth to political constituencies than a legitimate economic theory for understanding how the economy operates Posits that Obama's economic policies were more an opportunity "to do big things" than to solve the country's economic problems Arguing that the policies of the Obama administration have created widespread economic chaos, Debacle is a bleak look at American finance from Grover Norquist.
Author: Keith Banting
Publisher: UBC Press
ISBN: 0774826010
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
The redistributive state is fading in Canada. Government programs are no longer offsetting the growth in inequality generated by the market. In this book, leading political scientists, sociologists, and economists point to the failure of public policy to contain surging income inequality. A complex mix of forces has reshaped the politics of social policy, including global economic pressures, ideological change, shifts in the influence of business and labour, changes in the party system, and the decline of equality-seeking civil society organizations. This volume demonstrates that action and inaction policy change and policy drift are at the heart of growing inequality in Canada.
Author: MichaelJ. Piore
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351537911
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Originally published in 1979, this reader presents an industrialist view of the labour market and economics as they stood at the time in the United States. The essays collated aim to answer macroeconomic questions on this topic as well as exploring issues related closely to employment and inflation. This title will be of interest to students of business and economics.
Author: Mr.Eswar Prasad
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451841728
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Book Description
This paper provides a quantitative assessment of the relative importance of different labor market adjustment mechanisms in Canada and the United States and also examines the effects of the unemployment insurance (UI) system on labor market adjustment. At the aggregate level, employment growth shocks result in similar unemployment rate responses but smaller wage responses in Canada relative to the United States. Although overall UI generosity has increased aggregate unemployment persistence in Canada, the endogenous component of UI has affected unemployment persistence only marginally. The lower degree of aggregate real wage flexibility in Canada has not been an important determinant of unemployment persistence.
Author: Alain Noël
Publisher: IIGR, Queen's University
ISBN: 1553390067
Category : Comparative industrial relations
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
Though these countries vary significantly in both their federal institutions and labour market policies, they all seek to define a relatively coherent approach for federal and sub-unit governments in a policy field where collaboration and coordination appear unavoidable. In some cases, such as Germany, collaboration is highly developed and policies are ambitious and integrated; in others, such as Switzerland, diversity and decentralization are privileged and policies remain fragmented. Finally, there are countries such as the United States that do not grant much importance to labour market policies. these five federations and so help us understand how political institutions and public policies are inter-related. Federalism and labour market policies certainly influence each other, but there is no simple relationship between them. Comparing different governance and employment strategies is nevertheless very instructive because it shows the range of approaches and policies that are possible in federal countries.
