Author: Małgorzata Powietrzyńska
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9463511822
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
Weaving Complementary Knowledge System and Mindfulness to Educate a Literate Citizenry for Sustainable and Healthy Lives contains 24 chapters written by 33 authors, from 9 countries. The book, which consists of two sections on mindfulness in education and wellness, is intended for a broad audience of educators, researchers, and complementary medicine practitioners. Members of the general public may find appeal and relevance in chapters that advocate transformation in a number of spheres, including K-12 schools, museums, universities, counselling, and everyday lifestyles. Innovative approaches to education, involving meditation and mindfulness, produce numerous advantages for participants in schools, museums, and a variety of self-help contexts of everyday life. In several striking examples, critical stances address a band wagon approach to the application of mindfulness, often by for-profit companies, to purportedly improve quality of education, in contexts where learning has been commodified and ideologies such as neoliberalism have been mandated by politicians and implemented by policy makers. In different international contexts, Buddhist roots of mindfulness are critically reviewed by a number of authors. Chapters on wellness focus on complementary practices, including art therapy, Jin Shin Jyutsu, Iridology, and yoga. Foci in the wellness section include sexual health, prescription drug addiction, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and a variety of common ailments that can be addressed using complementary medicine. New theories, such a polyvagal theory, provide scope for people to become aware of their bodies in different ways and maintain wellbeing through changes in lifestyle, heightened self-awareness, and self-help.
Weaving Complementary Knowledge Systems and Mindfulness to Educate a Literate Citizenry for Sustainable and Healthy Lives
Author: Małgorzata Powietrzyńska
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9463511822
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
Weaving Complementary Knowledge System and Mindfulness to Educate a Literate Citizenry for Sustainable and Healthy Lives contains 24 chapters written by 33 authors, from 9 countries. The book, which consists of two sections on mindfulness in education and wellness, is intended for a broad audience of educators, researchers, and complementary medicine practitioners. Members of the general public may find appeal and relevance in chapters that advocate transformation in a number of spheres, including K-12 schools, museums, universities, counselling, and everyday lifestyles. Innovative approaches to education, involving meditation and mindfulness, produce numerous advantages for participants in schools, museums, and a variety of self-help contexts of everyday life. In several striking examples, critical stances address a band wagon approach to the application of mindfulness, often by for-profit companies, to purportedly improve quality of education, in contexts where learning has been commodified and ideologies such as neoliberalism have been mandated by politicians and implemented by policy makers. In different international contexts, Buddhist roots of mindfulness are critically reviewed by a number of authors. Chapters on wellness focus on complementary practices, including art therapy, Jin Shin Jyutsu, Iridology, and yoga. Foci in the wellness section include sexual health, prescription drug addiction, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and a variety of common ailments that can be addressed using complementary medicine. New theories, such a polyvagal theory, provide scope for people to become aware of their bodies in different ways and maintain wellbeing through changes in lifestyle, heightened self-awareness, and self-help.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9463511822
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
Weaving Complementary Knowledge System and Mindfulness to Educate a Literate Citizenry for Sustainable and Healthy Lives contains 24 chapters written by 33 authors, from 9 countries. The book, which consists of two sections on mindfulness in education and wellness, is intended for a broad audience of educators, researchers, and complementary medicine practitioners. Members of the general public may find appeal and relevance in chapters that advocate transformation in a number of spheres, including K-12 schools, museums, universities, counselling, and everyday lifestyles. Innovative approaches to education, involving meditation and mindfulness, produce numerous advantages for participants in schools, museums, and a variety of self-help contexts of everyday life. In several striking examples, critical stances address a band wagon approach to the application of mindfulness, often by for-profit companies, to purportedly improve quality of education, in contexts where learning has been commodified and ideologies such as neoliberalism have been mandated by politicians and implemented by policy makers. In different international contexts, Buddhist roots of mindfulness are critically reviewed by a number of authors. Chapters on wellness focus on complementary practices, including art therapy, Jin Shin Jyutsu, Iridology, and yoga. Foci in the wellness section include sexual health, prescription drug addiction, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and a variety of common ailments that can be addressed using complementary medicine. New theories, such a polyvagal theory, provide scope for people to become aware of their bodies in different ways and maintain wellbeing through changes in lifestyle, heightened self-awareness, and self-help.
Contemplative Practices for Sustaining Wellness
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004527346
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 382
Book Description
Contemplative Practices for Sustaining Wellness: priorities for research and education presents what we learned from research on wellness, intense emotions and health issues together with uses of complementary medicine, mindfulness practices, and interventions for self-care, and caring for others.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004527346
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 382
Book Description
Contemplative Practices for Sustaining Wellness: priorities for research and education presents what we learned from research on wellness, intense emotions and health issues together with uses of complementary medicine, mindfulness practices, and interventions for self-care, and caring for others.
Eventful Learning
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004377913
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Book Description
A rich array of social and cultural theories constitutes a solid foundation that affords unique insights into teaching and learning science and learning to teach science. The approach moves beyond studies in which emotion, cognition, and context are often regarded as independent. Collaborative studies advance theory and resolve practical problems, such as enhancing learning by managing excess emotions and successfully regulating negative emotions. Multilevel studies address a range of timely issues, including emotional energy, discrete emotions, emotion regulation, and a host of issues that arose, such as managing negative emotions like frustration and anxiety, dealing with disruptive students, and regulating negative emotions such as frustration, embarrassment, disgust, shame, and anger. A significant outcome is that teachers can play an important role in supporting students to successfully regulate negative emotions and support learning. The book contains a wealth of cutting edge methodologies and methods that will be useful to researchers and the issues addressed are central to teaching and learning in a global context. A unifying methodology is the use of classroom events as the unit for analysis in research that connects to the interests of teacher educators, teachers, and researchers who can adapt what we have done and learned, and apply it in their local contexts. Event-oriented inquiry highlights the transformative potential of research and provides catchy narratives and contextually rich events that have salience to the everyday practices of teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. Methods used in the research include emotion diaries in which students keep a log of their emotions, clickers to measure in-the-moment emotional climate, and uses of cogenerative dialogue, which caters to diverse voices of students and teachers.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004377913
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Book Description
A rich array of social and cultural theories constitutes a solid foundation that affords unique insights into teaching and learning science and learning to teach science. The approach moves beyond studies in which emotion, cognition, and context are often regarded as independent. Collaborative studies advance theory and resolve practical problems, such as enhancing learning by managing excess emotions and successfully regulating negative emotions. Multilevel studies address a range of timely issues, including emotional energy, discrete emotions, emotion regulation, and a host of issues that arose, such as managing negative emotions like frustration and anxiety, dealing with disruptive students, and regulating negative emotions such as frustration, embarrassment, disgust, shame, and anger. A significant outcome is that teachers can play an important role in supporting students to successfully regulate negative emotions and support learning. The book contains a wealth of cutting edge methodologies and methods that will be useful to researchers and the issues addressed are central to teaching and learning in a global context. A unifying methodology is the use of classroom events as the unit for analysis in research that connects to the interests of teacher educators, teachers, and researchers who can adapt what we have done and learned, and apply it in their local contexts. Event-oriented inquiry highlights the transformative potential of research and provides catchy narratives and contextually rich events that have salience to the everyday practices of teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. Methods used in the research include emotion diaries in which students keep a log of their emotions, clickers to measure in-the-moment emotional climate, and uses of cogenerative dialogue, which caters to diverse voices of students and teachers.
Complementary Therapies in Nursing
Author: Ruth Lindquist, PhD, RN
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826194990
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 629
Book Description
Doody's Core Selection! The ninth edition of this acclaimed resource is completely updated to deliver the newest evidence-based research and practice guidelines for commonly used complementary therapies in nursing. The book delivers new and expanded international content including information highlighting indigenous culture-based therapies and systems of care. It features many recent advances in technology including digital resources facilitating effective delivery, monitoring, and measurement of therapy outcomes. This resource presents evidence for using complementary therapies with populations experiencing health disparities and describes a new approach to use of complementary therapies for nurses' and patients' self-care. State-of-the-art information also includes expanded safety and precaution content, updated legal concerns in regulation and credentialing, a discussion of challenges and strategies for implementing therapies and programs, and a completely new chapter on Heat and Cold Therapies. The ninth edition continues to provide in-depth information about each complementary therapy, as well as the scientific basis and current evidence for its use in specific patient populations. Consistent chapter formats promote ease of access to information, and each therapy includes instructional techniques and safety precautions. New to the Ninth Edition: Expanded information related to technology and digital resources to foster effective delivery, monitoring, and measuring therapy outcomes New and expanded international content highlighting indigenous culture-based therapies and systems of care New information on integrating therapies in practice with abundant case examples Examples of institution-wide or organization-wide complementary therapy programs New chapter on Heat and Cold Therapies All new content on the use of therapies for Self-Care Key Features: 80 prominent experts sharing perspectives on complementary therapies from over 30 countries Chapters include a practice protocol delineating basic steps of an intervention along with measuring outcomes Consistently formatted for ease of use Presents international sidebars in each chapter providing rich global perspectives
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826194990
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 629
Book Description
Doody's Core Selection! The ninth edition of this acclaimed resource is completely updated to deliver the newest evidence-based research and practice guidelines for commonly used complementary therapies in nursing. The book delivers new and expanded international content including information highlighting indigenous culture-based therapies and systems of care. It features many recent advances in technology including digital resources facilitating effective delivery, monitoring, and measurement of therapy outcomes. This resource presents evidence for using complementary therapies with populations experiencing health disparities and describes a new approach to use of complementary therapies for nurses' and patients' self-care. State-of-the-art information also includes expanded safety and precaution content, updated legal concerns in regulation and credentialing, a discussion of challenges and strategies for implementing therapies and programs, and a completely new chapter on Heat and Cold Therapies. The ninth edition continues to provide in-depth information about each complementary therapy, as well as the scientific basis and current evidence for its use in specific patient populations. Consistent chapter formats promote ease of access to information, and each therapy includes instructional techniques and safety precautions. New to the Ninth Edition: Expanded information related to technology and digital resources to foster effective delivery, monitoring, and measuring therapy outcomes New and expanded international content highlighting indigenous culture-based therapies and systems of care New information on integrating therapies in practice with abundant case examples Examples of institution-wide or organization-wide complementary therapy programs New chapter on Heat and Cold Therapies All new content on the use of therapies for Self-Care Key Features: 80 prominent experts sharing perspectives on complementary therapies from over 30 countries Chapters include a practice protocol delineating basic steps of an intervention along with measuring outcomes Consistently formatted for ease of use Presents international sidebars in each chapter providing rich global perspectives
Critical Issues and Bold Visions for Science Education
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004389660
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Book Description
Critical Issues and Bold Visions for Science Education contains 16 chapters written by 32 authors from 11 countries. The book is intended for a broad audience of teachers, teacher educators, researchers, and policymakers. Interesting perspectives, challenging problems, and fresh solutions grounded in cutting edge theory and research are presented, interrogated, elaborated and, while retaining complexity, offer transformative visions within a context of political tensions, historical legacies, and grand challenges associated with Anthropocene (e.g., sustainability, climate change, mass extinctions). Within overarching sociocultural frameworks, authors address diverse critical issues using rich theoretical frameworks and methodologies suited to research today and a necessity to make a difference while ensuring that all participants benefit from research and high standards of ethical conduct. The focus of education is broad, encompassing teaching, learning and curriculum in pre-k-12 schools, museums and other informal institutions, community gardens, and cheeseworld. Teaching and learning are considered for a wide range of ages, languages, and nationalities. An important stance that permeates the book is that research is an activity from which all participants learn, benefit, and transform personal and community practices. Transformation is an integral part of research in science education. Contributors are: Jennifer Adams, Arnau Amat, Lucy Avraamidou, Marcília Elis Barcellos, Alberto Bellocchi, Mitch Bleier, Lynn A. Bryan, Helen Douglass, Colin Hennessy Elliott, Alejandro J. Gallard Martínez, Elisabeth Gonçalves de Souza, Da Yeon Kang, Shakhnoza Kayumova, Shruti Krishnamoorthy, Ralph Levinson, Sonya N. Martin, Jordan McKenzie, Kathy Mills, Catherine Milne, Ashley Morton, Masakata Ogawa, Rebecca Olson, Roger Patulny, Chantal Pouliot, Leah D. Pride, Anton Puvirajah, S. Lizette Ramos de Robles, Kathryn Scantlebury, Glauco S. F. da Silva, Michael Tan, Kenneth Tobin, and Geeta Verma.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004389660
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Book Description
Critical Issues and Bold Visions for Science Education contains 16 chapters written by 32 authors from 11 countries. The book is intended for a broad audience of teachers, teacher educators, researchers, and policymakers. Interesting perspectives, challenging problems, and fresh solutions grounded in cutting edge theory and research are presented, interrogated, elaborated and, while retaining complexity, offer transformative visions within a context of political tensions, historical legacies, and grand challenges associated with Anthropocene (e.g., sustainability, climate change, mass extinctions). Within overarching sociocultural frameworks, authors address diverse critical issues using rich theoretical frameworks and methodologies suited to research today and a necessity to make a difference while ensuring that all participants benefit from research and high standards of ethical conduct. The focus of education is broad, encompassing teaching, learning and curriculum in pre-k-12 schools, museums and other informal institutions, community gardens, and cheeseworld. Teaching and learning are considered for a wide range of ages, languages, and nationalities. An important stance that permeates the book is that research is an activity from which all participants learn, benefit, and transform personal and community practices. Transformation is an integral part of research in science education. Contributors are: Jennifer Adams, Arnau Amat, Lucy Avraamidou, Marcília Elis Barcellos, Alberto Bellocchi, Mitch Bleier, Lynn A. Bryan, Helen Douglass, Colin Hennessy Elliott, Alejandro J. Gallard Martínez, Elisabeth Gonçalves de Souza, Da Yeon Kang, Shakhnoza Kayumova, Shruti Krishnamoorthy, Ralph Levinson, Sonya N. Martin, Jordan McKenzie, Kathy Mills, Catherine Milne, Ashley Morton, Masakata Ogawa, Rebecca Olson, Roger Patulny, Chantal Pouliot, Leah D. Pride, Anton Puvirajah, S. Lizette Ramos de Robles, Kathryn Scantlebury, Glauco S. F. da Silva, Michael Tan, Kenneth Tobin, and Geeta Verma.
Transformative STEAM Education for Sustainable Development
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004524703
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
We are currently experiencing an unprecedented era in the history of the planet. Our addiction to fossil fuels and powerful technologies is dangerously altering the Earth’s natural systems, giving rise to well-documented global crises of climate change, plastic pollution of the oceans, and tragic loss of biocultural diversity. These crises have created a unique challenge for STEM educators, given that STEM disciplinary knowledge and skills are often viewed as the panacea to the world’s economic and environmental problems. This popular view tends to focus narrowly, however, on students learning scientific, technological, engineering and mathematical concepts about the world out there, thereby ignoring the crucial role education must play in shaping students’ attitudes and values – their inner worlds – that drive moral agency to live and work in sustainable ways. It is moral agency that empowers socially and environmentally responsible citizens to tackle global crises. In this timely book you will read inspiring stories of how professional educators in STEM-related fields have embraced transformative learning and arts education to develop and implement integrated STEAM education programs and practices that are preparing young people with special capabilities and values to actively contribute to the sustainable development of a world in crisis.
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004524703
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
We are currently experiencing an unprecedented era in the history of the planet. Our addiction to fossil fuels and powerful technologies is dangerously altering the Earth’s natural systems, giving rise to well-documented global crises of climate change, plastic pollution of the oceans, and tragic loss of biocultural diversity. These crises have created a unique challenge for STEM educators, given that STEM disciplinary knowledge and skills are often viewed as the panacea to the world’s economic and environmental problems. This popular view tends to focus narrowly, however, on students learning scientific, technological, engineering and mathematical concepts about the world out there, thereby ignoring the crucial role education must play in shaping students’ attitudes and values – their inner worlds – that drive moral agency to live and work in sustainable ways. It is moral agency that empowers socially and environmentally responsible citizens to tackle global crises. In this timely book you will read inspiring stories of how professional educators in STEM-related fields have embraced transformative learning and arts education to develop and implement integrated STEAM education programs and practices that are preparing young people with special capabilities and values to actively contribute to the sustainable development of a world in crisis.
Mindfulness in Education
Author: Kenneth Tobin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000113566
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 167
Book Description
This book explores how mindfulness has been infused into education to produce favorable outcomes, such as stress reduction, heightened focus, resilience, calmness, alertness, mood regulation, self-awareness, professional commitment, and increased compassion and kindness to self and others. The chapters are situated in diverse contexts, including schools and colleges, warfare, violent extremism, global warming, child sex abuse, and species extinction. A feature of the book is the use of what is learned from ongoing research to design interventions to increase the incidence of mindful practices, to enhance learning and forms of conduct to transform social life and sustain harmonious lifestyles. Inclusion of mindfulness-based interventions in teacher education programs include breathing meditation and tools such as heuristics and mindful writing. Breathing meditation and its relationship to mindfulness is addressed, including abdominal breathing as a component of meditation, leading to mindful conduct and physiological changes, including heart rate and blood oxygenation levels. The extent to which breathing practice includes nasal and oral inhalation and exhalation is also considered in relation to increasing levels of nitric oxide in the airways, thereby enhancing social communication and wellness. This book was originally published as a special issue of Learning: Research and Practice.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000113566
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 167
Book Description
This book explores how mindfulness has been infused into education to produce favorable outcomes, such as stress reduction, heightened focus, resilience, calmness, alertness, mood regulation, self-awareness, professional commitment, and increased compassion and kindness to self and others. The chapters are situated in diverse contexts, including schools and colleges, warfare, violent extremism, global warming, child sex abuse, and species extinction. A feature of the book is the use of what is learned from ongoing research to design interventions to increase the incidence of mindful practices, to enhance learning and forms of conduct to transform social life and sustain harmonious lifestyles. Inclusion of mindfulness-based interventions in teacher education programs include breathing meditation and tools such as heuristics and mindful writing. Breathing meditation and its relationship to mindfulness is addressed, including abdominal breathing as a component of meditation, leading to mindful conduct and physiological changes, including heart rate and blood oxygenation levels. The extent to which breathing practice includes nasal and oral inhalation and exhalation is also considered in relation to increasing levels of nitric oxide in the airways, thereby enhancing social communication and wellness. This book was originally published as a special issue of Learning: Research and Practice.
International Handbook of Research on Multicultural Science Education
Author: Mary M. Atwater
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030831221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1629
Book Description
This handbook gathers in one volume the major research and scholarship related to multicultural science education that has developed since the field was named and established by Atwater in 1993. Culture is defined in this handbook as an integrated pattern of shared values, beliefs, languages, worldviews, behaviors, artifacts, knowledge, and social and political relationships of a group of people in a particular place or time that the people use to understand or make meaning of their world, each other, and other groups of people and to transmit these to succeeding generations. The research studies include both different kinds of qualitative and quantitative studies. The chapters in this volume reflect differing ideas about culture and its impact on science learning and teaching in different K-14 contexts and policy issues. Research findings about groups that are underrepresented in STEM in the United States, and in other countries related to language issues and indigenous knowledge are included in this volume.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030831221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1629
Book Description
This handbook gathers in one volume the major research and scholarship related to multicultural science education that has developed since the field was named and established by Atwater in 1993. Culture is defined in this handbook as an integrated pattern of shared values, beliefs, languages, worldviews, behaviors, artifacts, knowledge, and social and political relationships of a group of people in a particular place or time that the people use to understand or make meaning of their world, each other, and other groups of people and to transmit these to succeeding generations. The research studies include both different kinds of qualitative and quantitative studies. The chapters in this volume reflect differing ideas about culture and its impact on science learning and teaching in different K-14 contexts and policy issues. Research findings about groups that are underrepresented in STEM in the United States, and in other countries related to language issues and indigenous knowledge are included in this volume.
Empowering Mindfulness for Women
Author: Leigh Burrows
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 100037470X
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Empowering Mindfulness for Women is centred around a a 5-day intensive mindfulness course attended by eight women from different backgrounds. The reader is invited to imagine they are actively participating in the teaching and learning moments and turning points encountered in teaching and learning mindfulness around themes such as making space for mindfulness, safeguarding mindfulness for women, engendering mindfulness, mindfulness dreaming and a mandala of wisdoms. Evocative accounts of experience bring to life the women’s growing awareness that mindfulness can be both a separate practice and a natural part of life and that it can help them to nurture what they have neglected in themselves by not tapping into the full spectrum of their experience. Each chapter provides useful follow-up activities and questions for individual or group reflection, journaling, sharing and conversation. Empowering Mindfulness for Women is aimed at those who teach mindfulness to women in educational, community or clinical settings and at women who want to learn mindfulness in a manner that positions them as experts in their own learning.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 100037470X
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Empowering Mindfulness for Women is centred around a a 5-day intensive mindfulness course attended by eight women from different backgrounds. The reader is invited to imagine they are actively participating in the teaching and learning moments and turning points encountered in teaching and learning mindfulness around themes such as making space for mindfulness, safeguarding mindfulness for women, engendering mindfulness, mindfulness dreaming and a mandala of wisdoms. Evocative accounts of experience bring to life the women’s growing awareness that mindfulness can be both a separate practice and a natural part of life and that it can help them to nurture what they have neglected in themselves by not tapping into the full spectrum of their experience. Each chapter provides useful follow-up activities and questions for individual or group reflection, journaling, sharing and conversation. Empowering Mindfulness for Women is aimed at those who teach mindfulness to women in educational, community or clinical settings and at women who want to learn mindfulness in a manner that positions them as experts in their own learning.
Learning to Stop
Author: Remy Y.S. Low
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031287223
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 125
Book Description
This book is a philosophical and historical study that explores how meditative practices for cultivating mindfulness can be regarded as a unique form of education against violence—one that emphasizes stopping and contemplation as a necessary precursor to action. It brings together the idiosyncratic but insightful musings on violence by Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek with recent research on mindfulness and violence as a lens. Using this lens, it looks at two exemplary educators and how they taught mindfulness meditation as a way of resisting the types of violence they and their students faced: the Vietnamese Zen teacher Thich Nhat Hanh amidst the brutality of the Second Indochina War (1955-1975), and the African-American studies professor and cultural critic bell hooks in the face of systemic oppression in the United States of the 1980s.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031287223
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 125
Book Description
This book is a philosophical and historical study that explores how meditative practices for cultivating mindfulness can be regarded as a unique form of education against violence—one that emphasizes stopping and contemplation as a necessary precursor to action. It brings together the idiosyncratic but insightful musings on violence by Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek with recent research on mindfulness and violence as a lens. Using this lens, it looks at two exemplary educators and how they taught mindfulness meditation as a way of resisting the types of violence they and their students faced: the Vietnamese Zen teacher Thich Nhat Hanh amidst the brutality of the Second Indochina War (1955-1975), and the African-American studies professor and cultural critic bell hooks in the face of systemic oppression in the United States of the 1980s.