Vitamin D Status and Its Relation to Bone Mineral Desity (BMD) in Corticosteroid Treated Pre Menopausal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients PDF Download
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Author: Ahmad Zaidi Othman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Author: Ahmad Zaidi Othman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Author: Leanne Catherine Breslin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Caroline Stone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Background: Osteoporosis is estimated to affect 200 million women in the world, affecting 10% of women aged 60, 20% of women aged 70, 40% of women aged 80 and 67% of women aged 90. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone density and increases the risk for fractured bones; however, it may be prevented with modifiable factors such as supplements, diet, and physical activity. Vitamin D deficiency leads to bone mineral density loss, as Vitamin D3 is responsible for calcium absorption into the bones. Bone consolidation is believed to occur between 20 and 30 years old; thus, attaining peak bone mass is critical during pre-menopause. Methods: The relationship between vitamin D and bone mineral density has predominately been studied in postmenopausal populations. Therefore, we examined this association among 18-30 year old participants (n=271) in the cross-sectional UMass Vitamin D Status Study. The modified version of the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the average intake of vitamin D foods and supplements. Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were assayed from blood samples. Bone mineral content and bone area were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Bone mineral content (BMC), as measured in grams, provides a measure of bone mass. Bone area (BA), as measured in cm2, reflects a two-dimensional area, which is characterized by the periphery of a bone region. We used multivariable linear regression to model the relationship between bone mineral density and bone area with sources of vitamin D after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors. Results: In the present study, the mean and standard deviation of vitamin D is 372.7 IU and 285.8 IU, respectively. For vitamin D from supplements, the mean is 140.9 IU with a standard deviation of 232.3 IU. Finally, for vitamin D from food, the mean is 231.8 IU with a standard deviation of 182.0 IU. Compared to reference values of 600 IU, these data are below the recommended daily allowance. We did not observe an association between total vitamin D or vitamin D from foods sources with either BMC or BA. We also did not observe an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and BMC or BA. Conclusion: Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate this association among young premenopausal women.
Author: U. S. Department Human Services
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781499500363
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
The University of Ottawa Evidence-based Practice Center (UO-EPC) reviewed and synthesized the published literature on five key questions. 1. Are specific circulating concentrations of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) associated with bone health outcomes in: A. Children: rickets, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), fractures, or parathyroid hormone (PTH)? B. Women of reproductive age (including pregnant and lactating women): BMD, calcaneal ultrasound, fractures, PTH? C. Elderly men and postmenopausal women: BMD, fractures, falls? 2. Do food fortification, sun exposure, and/or vitamin D supplementation affect circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D? 3. What is the evidence regarding the effect of supplemental doses of vitamin D on bone mineral density and fracture or fall risk and does this vary with age groups, ethnicity, body mass index or geography? 4. Is there a level of sunlight exposure that is sufficient to maintain adequate vitamin D levels but does not increase the risk of non-melanoma or melanoma skin cancer? 5. Does intake of vitamin D above current reference intakes lead to toxicities (e.g., hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and calcification of soft tissue or major organs)? Osteoporosis-related fractures constitute an important socio-economic burden. The burden of fractures is expected to increase over the next two decades, with an expanding aging population. Effective treatment strategies that can be implemented on a population level are needed to decrease the burden of osteoporosis. Classical actions of vitamin D include the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the development and maintenance of the skeleton. Vitamin D's major biologic function is to maintain serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations within the normal range by enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium and release of calcium and phosphorus from bone. Low vitamin D status has been associated with the development of rickets and osteomalacia, and has been considered to lead to bone loss, fractures and falls. Vitamin D also has non-calciotropic autocrine and paracrine functions, for example, in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. The enzyme 1-alpha hydroxylase is present in many tissues in addition to the kidney, resulting in extra-renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. There is also emerging evidence for immunomodulatory and anti-infective properties of vitamin D. The increased suggestions of nutritional vitamin D insufficiency in the general population and the potential impact of vitamin D status on bone health and chronic health conditions have highlighted the need to reassess current vitamin D reference intakes. Over the last few years, a number of large randomized trials have evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fractures, falls and harms. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the most recent evidence and address the above questions.
Author: Daniel Wallace
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 1455728179
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 783
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Book Description
Recognized for more than 45 years as the definitive text in the field, Dubois’ Lupus Erythematosus and Related Syndromes strikes the perfect balance between basic science and clinical expertise, providing the evidence-based findings, treatment consensuses, and practical clinical information you need to confidently diagnose and manage SLE. Broaden your understanding with comprehensive coverage of every aspect of cutaneous and systemic lupus erythematosus, including definitions, pathogenesis, autoantibodies, clinical and laboratory features, management, prognosis, and patient education. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a heavily illustrated, full-color format which includes fundamental images of lupus rashes as well as graphs, algorithms, and differential diagnosis comparisons. Discover the latest in systemic lupus erythematosus with new chapters on important emerging topics such as socioeconomic and disability aspects; and rigorously updated chapters that include expanded coverage of the nervous system, and the most in-depth discussion of immunity and regulatory cells. Learn from the very best. World-renowned rheumatologists Drs. Daniel Wallace and Bevra Hannahs Hahn, along with new associate editors Drs. Michael Weisman, Ronald Van Vollenhoven, Nan Shen, and David Isenberg, present definitive coverage on new and rapidly changing areas in the field. Rely on it anytime, anywhere! Access the full text, image bank, and bonus online-only chapters at www.expertconsult.com. Dubois’ Lupus Erythematosus was first published in 1966. For the past forty years, the product has distinguished itself internationally as the go-to reference on lupus and related diseases. For rheumatologists and internal medicine practitioners who need a comprehensive clinical reference on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related disorders, this product delivers a complete arsenal of information on SLE, connective tissue diseases, and the antiphospholipid syndromes.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 664
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Author: Andrea Giustina
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805572964
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 213
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Book Description
Osteoporosis is one of the most clinically relevant disabling chronic disease encountered in clinical practice. A common cause of osteoporosis is glucocorticoid excess, as glucocorticoids may increase bone resorption, inhibit bone formation, have indirect actions on bone by decreasing intestinal calcium absorption and induce hypercalciuria. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the effects of glucocorticoids on bone metabolism and structure and on the diagnosis and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. It aims at providing updated information on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this often dramatic complication of glucocorticoid excess. Being one of the few publications completely devoted to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis it will heighten the awareness of specialists who prescribe glucocorticoids of the clinical relevance of this treatment complication. 'Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis' is addressed to clinical experts as well as to general practitioners who will both benefit from the comprehensive and integrative view of the management of patients exposed to glucocorticoids.
Author: Nancy E. Lane
Publisher: Mosby
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Get new insights into the causes, detection and therapy of osteoporosis and the osteoporosis of rheumatic diseases. In this state-of-the-art resource, you'll find coverage of all the latest scientific and clinical developments, new concepts in epidemiology, cutting-edge information on genetics and pathogenic mechanisms, current developments in diagnostic interventions and prevention, and the very latest techniques in treatment. This is a must-have reference for comprehensive, one-stop coverage of Osteoporosis. Allows planning of early interventions, as appropriate, to augment peak adult bone mass. Highlights the necessary tools for early diagnosis, and monitoring of disease progression. Discusses the very latest in pharmacologic interventions, including biophosphonates, SERMS, and osteoanabolic agents. Provides access to the latest information on disease modifying or disease controlling biologic agents. Incorporates the latest on glucocorticoid and transplantation- induced osteoporosis, as well as osteoporosis in the rheumatic diseases.
Author: Lori Jean Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bone densitometry
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Low bone mineral density (BMD) in post-menopausal women is a risk factor for bone fractures and osteoporosis development. Prior studies in post-menopausal women have shown the use of antidepressant medications, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to be inversely related to BMD. However, the association has not been studied in pre-menopausal women. Current SSRI use is widespread with 8% of U.S. women age 18-44 reporting use. We evaluated the association between SSRIs and BMD and bone mineral content (BMC) cross-sectionally using data from the University of Massachusetts Vitamin D Status Study. SSRI use, diet, and lifestyle factors were assessed by questionnaire. BMD and BMC were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The study included 256 women aged 18-30 (mean=21.6 years, SD=4.3 years). In this population, SSRI use was 5%, BMD values ranged from 0.97-1.38 g/cm2 (mean 1.16, SD 0.08), and BMC values ranged from 1833g to 3682g (mean 2541.5, SD=349.2). After adjustment for age, body mass index, and physical activity, mean BMD in the 13 users of SSRIs was 1.15g/cm2 (SD=0.06) compared to 1.16g/cm2 (SD=0.77) in the 243 non-users (p =0.66). After the same adjustments, mean BMC in the 13 users was 2467.1g (SD=285.0) compared to 2547.6g (SD=352.6) in the 243 non-users (p=0.94). Our findings do not support an inverse association between SSRI use and BMD or BMC. However, given the prevalence of SSRI use in young women and the potential for adverse effects on bone health, further study of this association is warranted.
Author: Hani Almoallim
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811583234
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 562
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Book Description
This Open Access book presents practical approaches to managing patients affected by various rheumatological diseases, allowing readers to gain a better understanding of the various clinical expressions and problems experienced by these patients. Discussing rheumatology from an organ systems perspective, it highlights the importance ofdetailed musculoskeletal examinations when treating patients affected by rheumatological diseases. The book first explores the latest diagnostic approaches and offers key tips for accurate musculoskeletal examinations before addressing the various treatment modalities, with a particular focus on the most common joints involved in rheumatoid arthritis: the wrists and the metacarpophalangeal joints (2nd and 3rd). Featuring easy-to-understand flow diagrams and explaining the common medical problems associated with rheumatic disease, such as shortness of breath and anemia, it is not only a valuable resource to rheumatologists, but will also appeal to medical students, junior residents, and primary healthcare physicians.
