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Author: Gadi Borkow
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319080571
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
The notion that contaminated environments in hospital settings significantly contribute to the risk of an individual acquiring an infection while hospitalized is continuously gaining recognition by the medical community. There is a clear correlation between the environmental bioburden present in a clinical setting and the risk of patients acquiring an infection. Thus using self-disinfecting surfaces can be a very important adjunct in the fight against nosocomial pathogens. This book reviews the increasing evidence that contaminated non-intrusive soft and hard surfaces located in the clinical surroundings are a source of nosocomial pathogens and focuses on the utility of copper containing materials in reducing bioburden and fighting hospital acquired infections. It also reviews other biocidal surface alternatives and the economics of using biocidal surfaces in a hospital environment. Finally, it discusses the pros and cons of existent disinfection modalities other than biocidal surfaces.
Author: Gadi Borkow
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319080571
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
The notion that contaminated environments in hospital settings significantly contribute to the risk of an individual acquiring an infection while hospitalized is continuously gaining recognition by the medical community. There is a clear correlation between the environmental bioburden present in a clinical setting and the risk of patients acquiring an infection. Thus using self-disinfecting surfaces can be a very important adjunct in the fight against nosocomial pathogens. This book reviews the increasing evidence that contaminated non-intrusive soft and hard surfaces located in the clinical surroundings are a source of nosocomial pathogens and focuses on the utility of copper containing materials in reducing bioburden and fighting hospital acquired infections. It also reviews other biocidal surface alternatives and the economics of using biocidal surfaces in a hospital environment. Finally, it discusses the pros and cons of existent disinfection modalities other than biocidal surfaces.
Author: Shilpa Saseendran Nair
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
Hospitals act as an environment for the spread of human pathogens. Recontamination of hospital surfaces exacerbates the problem of pathogen transmission. The potential solution for the problem is using long-term active surface anchoring-based biocides to reduce hospital acquired infections (HAI). The main aim of the study is to establish an assay of the antimicrobial potency of biocidal surfaces. To do this, I used a well-documented biocide, surface anchoring quaternary ammonium-based biocides (SAQAS) which are claimed to retain the activity for 30 days after application. The presence of biocide after application on the surface was detected using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Assay establishment started with the model organisms Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, using a modified JIS Z 2801:2000 method using glass and LDPE as surfaces in both wet and dry conditions. Further, the test was expanded with antibioticresistant pathogens (MRSA and ESBL E. coli) and endospores (Bacillus cereus). Both wet and dry fomite tests showed the active killing of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but not endospores, on both surfaces. The study was expanded to check the antimicrobial activity of SAQAS biocide for 30 days as per the manufacturer's claim on different surfaces in a Microbiology laboratory. The real-world test failed to show any significant difference between microbial burdens on laboratory surfaces pre and post-intervention of biocides up to 30 days. The loss of activity was assessed by checking the stability of biocide on the surface in real-world conditions to determine whether the surface is active to kill environmental organisms or laboratory-grown S. aureus. The results showed the surface was active to kill 106 CFU S. aureus for up to 30 days, while not killing the environmental organism, which could be the result of bacteria associating with dust particles, and not contacting the biocide. Further, the manufacturer's claim of biocidal surface durability after the cleaning was assessed by washing the biocidal surface with disinfectants prior to challenge with S. aureus. The biological activity was substantially reduced after washing, and explained by the removal of the biocidal layer by FTIR and AFM analysis. Finally, the assay established was used to check the antimicrobial potency of photocatalytic titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing paints, where the results showed that the painted surfaces were active only in the presence of UV light and not in white light. Surface chemistry analysis of painted coupons using XPS and FE-ESEM-EDX identified the presence of silver (Ag) improved the antimicrobial potency. In short, the SAQAS biocide and the TiO2 containing paint tested require improvement before they can be recommended for use to prevent fomite mediated transmission. However, these assays established will be useful to determine the antimicrobial potency, real-world application, stability and durability of new antimicrobial surfaces before commercialization.
Author: James T. Walker
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081025661
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 594
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Book Description
Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare, Second Edition, enables users to obtain detailed knowledge of decontamination practices in healthcare settings, including surfaces, devices, clothing and people, with a specific focus on hospitals and dental clinics. - Offers in-depth coverage of all aspects of decontamination in healthcare - Examines the decontamination of surgical equipment and endoscopes - Expanded to include new information on behavioral principles in decontamination, control of microbiological problems, waterborne microorganisms, pseudomonas and the decontamination of laundry
Author: Usha Krishnan Baveja
Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
ISBN: 9389776465
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
The prevention and control of infection in healthcare environments is now more important than ever. From simple hand washing to full PPE (personal protective equipment), hygiene maintenance has never been more at the forefront of people’s minds than during the Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak. This book is a practical guide to the prevention and control of healthcare and laboratory-associated infections. Divided into twelve sections, the text begins with an introduction to the basic science of infection and the use of antimicrobial agents. The following sections cover prevention and control of infection in different environments and situations including hospitals, laboratories, specific patient groups, and high risk and procedure areas. Different infection transmission methods are discussed in depth. The book concludes with guidance on standards and sample protocols, and training techniques. The comprehensive text is further enhanced by images and flow charts, and each chapter includes MCQs (multiple choice questions) to assist learning and revision. Key points Comprehensive guide to prevention and control of infection in healthcare environments Covers different environments, patient groups and infection transmission methods Features images and flow charts to assist learning Each chapter concludes with MCQs on the topic
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Jane E. Sykes
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323241948
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 933
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Book Description
Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases is a practical, up-to-date resource covering the most important and cutting-edge advances in the field. Presented by a seasoned educator in a concise, highly visual format, this innovative guide keeps you current with the latest advances in this ever-changing field. 80 case studies illustrate the clinical relevance of the major infectious disease chapters. - Well-organized Major Infectious Diseases chapters break down content by etiologic agent and epidemiology, clinical signs and their pathophysiology, physical examination findings, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, immunity, prevention, and public health implications. - Over 80 case studies illustrate how the information provided can be applied in everyday practice. - Logical approach to laboratory diagnosis guides you through all the steps needed to accurately diagnose and treat viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and algal diseases. - Practical protocols provided by expert clinicians guide you in the management of canine and feline patients suspected to have infectious diseases, including handling, disinfection, isolation, and vaccination protocols. - Over 500 full color images – geographic distribution maps, life cycle drawings, and hundreds of color photographs – visually illustrate and clarify complex issues. - Easy-to-understand tables and boxes make content quickly accessible, eliminating the need to sort through dense text for critical information in the clinical setting.
Author: National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781864965223
Category : Aboriginal Australians
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
These guidelines provide recommendations that outline the critical aspects of infection prevention and control. The recommendations were developed using the best available evidence and consensus methods by the Infection Control Steering Committee. They have been prioritised as key areas to prevent and control infection in a healthcare facility. It is recognised that the level of risk may differ according to the different types of facility and therefore some recommendations should be justified by risk assessment. When implementing these recommendations all healthcare facilities need to consider the risk of transmission of infection and implement according to their specific setting and circumstances.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309449839
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
People's desire to understand the environments in which they live is a natural one. People spend most of their time in spaces and structures designed, built, and managed by humans, and it is estimated that people in developed countries now spend 90 percent of their lives indoors. As people move from homes to workplaces, traveling in cars and on transit systems, microorganisms are continually with and around them. The human-associated microbes that are shed, along with the human behaviors that affect their transport and removal, make significant contributions to the diversity of the indoor microbiome. The characteristics of "healthy" indoor environments cannot yet be defined, nor do microbial, clinical, and building researchers yet understand how to modify features of indoor environmentsâ€"such as building ventilation systems and the chemistry of building materialsâ€"in ways that would have predictable impacts on microbial communities to promote health and prevent disease. The factors that affect the environments within buildings, the ways in which building characteristics influence the composition and function of indoor microbial communities, and the ways in which these microbial communities relate to human health and well-being are extraordinarily complex and can be explored only as a dynamic, interconnected ecosystem by engaging the fields of microbial biology and ecology, chemistry, building science, and human physiology. This report reviews what is known about the intersection of these disciplines, and how new tools may facilitate advances in understanding the ecosystem of built environments, indoor microbiomes, and effects on human health and well-being. It offers a research agenda to generate the information needed so that stakeholders with an interest in understanding the impacts of built environments will be able to make more informed decisions.
Author: Raj K. Arya
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394263147
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 740
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Book Description
Understand functional coatings and their role in three key industries of the future Functional coatings play a huge range of roles in industries from automotive to aerospace to electronic and beyond. They offer protection, performance enhancement, corrosion resistance, self-cleaning properties, and more. Recent developments in the field have allowed for ever more precise optimization of functional coatings, with the result that demand for these key tools is only likely to increase. Functional Coatings for Biomedical, Energy, and Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive overview of these coatings and their applications in three explosively productive industries. A team of expert contributors provides chapters analyzing the latest developments in this growing area of production, with a particular focus on the dynamic relationship between functional coatings and their many applications. The result is an interdisciplinary text which will serve as an essential resource for researchers and industry professionals worldwide. Readers will also find: Analysis of functional coatings for dental implants, pool boilers, solar cells, and many more Detailed discussion of coating properties including superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, controlled drug release, and more Key contributions to the great environmental challenges of the twenty-first century This book is a must-own for researchers in chemistry, engineering, energy, materials science, and more, as well as for industry professionals working with coating and other aspects of research and development in biomedical, energy, or environmental industries.
Author: Günter Kampf
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319987852
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
Various antiseptic agents, such as chlorhexidine, are used for different applications, e.g. in healthcare, veterinary medicine, animal production and household products, including cosmetics. However, not all antiseptic agents provide significant health benefits, especially in some products used in human medicine (alcohol-based hand rubs, antimicrobial soaps). While some products (antimicrobial soaps, surface disinfectants, instrument disinfectants, wound antiseptics) may contain one or more biocidal agents with a comparable antimicrobial efficacy but large differences in their potential for microbial adaptation and tolerance. An increased bacterial resistance has been described for various antimicrobial agents, sometimes including a cross-resistance to antibiotics. The book is the first comprehensive reference resource on antiseptic agents, including their efficacy, natural and acquired resistance, adaptation, and cross-resistance. It also discusses their and appropriate use in terms of a balance between their efficacy and the risk of acquired bacterial resistance / tolerance. Focusing on human and veterinary medicine and household products, it helps readers make informed decisions concerning against antiseptic products based on their composition. The book contributes to reduce any unnecessary selection pressure towards emerging pathogens and to keep the powerful antiseptic agents for all those applications that have a clear benefit (e.g. reduction of healthcare-associated infection).
