Understanding the Backlash Against Affirmative Action PDF Download
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Author: John Fobanjong
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781590330654
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Affirmative action remains one of the most divisive issues in America, remaining unsolved since the 1960s civil rights legislation. Though many works have attempted to solve the dilemma, none have tried to identify the underlying causes of the backlash against the policy. In order to understand affirmative action's future, one must understand its evolution, its opposition, and its application both in America and in other nations. In a multi-disciplinary approach, this book examines affirmative action from comparative, historical, policy, and sociological perspectives. Also included is a list of Supreme Court rulings on affirmative action.
Author: John Fobanjong
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781590330654
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Affirmative action remains one of the most divisive issues in America, remaining unsolved since the 1960s civil rights legislation. Though many works have attempted to solve the dilemma, none have tried to identify the underlying causes of the backlash against the policy. In order to understand affirmative action's future, one must understand its evolution, its opposition, and its application both in America and in other nations. In a multi-disciplinary approach, this book examines affirmative action from comparative, historical, policy, and sociological perspectives. Also included is a list of Supreme Court rulings on affirmative action.
Author: Jennifer Pierce
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 0804783195
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
How is it that recipients of white privilege deny the role they play in reproducing racial inequality? Racing for Innocence addresses this question by examining the backlash against affirmative action in the late 1980s and early 1990s—just as courts, universities, and other institutions began to end affirmative action programs. This book recounts the stories of elite legal professionals at a large corporation with a federally mandated affirmative action program, as well as the cultural narratives about race, gender, and power in the news media and Hollywood films. Though most white men denied accountability for any racism in the workplace, they recounted ways in which they resisted—whether wittingly or not— incorporating people of color or white women into their workplace lives. Drawing on three different approaches—ethnography, narrative analysis, and fiction—to conceptualize the complexities and ambiguities of race and gender in contemporary America, this book makes an innovative pedagogical tool.
Author: Carter, J. Scott
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1529201136
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Affirmative action in US college admissions have inspired fierce debate and several US Supreme Court cases. In this significant study, leading US professors J. Scott Carter and Cameron D. Lippard provide an in-depth examination of the issue using sociological, policy and legal perspectives to frame both pro- and anti-affirmative action arguments, within past and present Supreme Court cases. With affirmative action policy under constant attack, this is an urgent addition not only to explain the state of this policy but also to further deconstruct the current state of race and racism in American society.
Author: Thomas Sowell
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 9780300107753
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
An eminent authority presents a new perspective on affirmative action in a provocative book that will stir fresh debate about this vitally important issue
Author: Rudolph Alexander
Publisher: Ethics International Press
ISBN: 1804410934
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
Many White people, and some conservative Black people, believe that affirmative action programs are unfairly depriving more deserving Whites of jobs and education opportunities. The author argues that is a myth. For example, University admissions data demonstrates that, despite affirmative action rhetoric, there remains systemic bias against Black students. Sociological data on criminal record, race, and employment, found that White people with a criminal record had a better chance of getting a call back, than Black people without one. Renowned Professor of Social Work Dr Rudolph Alexander Jr. analyses many examples which demonstrate that the claim that affirmative action programs have led to unfair discrimination against White people of equal ability, is a myth. Though not always comfortable reading, the book is an important addition to the literature on equality, diversity, and critical race theory.
Author: Sheryll Cashin
Publisher: Beacon Press
ISBN: 0807086150
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
From a nationally recognized expert, a fresh and original argument for bettering affirmative action Race-based affirmative action had been declining as a factor in university admissions even before the recent spate of related cases arrived at the Supreme Court. Since Ward Connerly kickstarted a state-by-state political mobilization against affirmative action in the mid-1990s, the percentage of four-year public colleges that consider racial or ethnic status in admissions has fallen from 60 percent to 35 percent. Only 45 percent of private colleges still explicitly consider race, with elite schools more likely to do so, although they too have retreated. For law professor and civil rights activist Sheryll Cashin, this isn’t entirely bad news, because as she argues, affirmative action as currently practiced does little to help disadvantaged people. The truly disadvantaged—black and brown children trapped in high-poverty environs—are not getting the quality schooling they need in part because backlash and wedge politics undermine any possibility for common-sense public policies. Using place instead of race in diversity programming, she writes, will better amend the structural disadvantages endured by many children of color, while enhancing the possibility that we might one day move past the racial resentment that affirmative action engenders. In Place, Not Race, Cashin reimagines affirmative action and champions place-based policies, arguing that college applicants who have thrived despite exposure to neighborhood or school poverty are deserving of special consideration. Those blessed to have come of age in poverty-free havens are not. Sixty years since the historic decision, we’re undoubtedly far from meeting the promise of Brown v. Board of Education, but Cashin offers a new framework for true inclusion for the millions of children who live separate and unequal lives. Her proposals include making standardized tests optional, replacing merit-based financial aid with need-based financial aid, and recruiting high-achieving students from overlooked places, among other steps that encourage cross-racial alliances and social mobility. A call for action toward the long overdue promise of equality, Place, Not Race persuasively shows how the social costs of racial preferences actually outweigh any of the marginal benefits when effective race-neutral alternatives are available.
Author: Ann Kelly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Book Description
Author: Robert Zelnick
Publisher: Regnery Publishing
ISBN: 9780895264558
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
The author examines the controversial issue of affirmative action, discussing how it really works in such areas as employment, voting rights, mortgage and insurance regulation, education, and minority set-asides
Author: andré douglas pond cummings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Affirmative action, since its inception in 1961, has been under siege. The backlash against affirmative action began in earnest almost immediately following its origination through President John F. Kennedy's and President Lyndon B. Johnson's Executive Orders. Organized hostility in opposition to affirmative action crystallized early with “color-blind” theories posited and adopted, “reverse discrimination” alleged and embraced, and constitutional narrowing through adoption of white-privileged justifications. Enmity against affirmative action continues unabated today as exemplified by recent academic writings and studies purporting to prove that affirmative action positively injures African Americans and recent state-wide campaigns seeking to eradicate affirmative action through state constitutional amendments. Further, a more subtle affront to affirmative action has emerged recently as dozens of commentators and millions of Americans now argue that, with the election of Barack Obama as president, the United States has officially entered a postracial era. Postracialism, in averring that the election of an African American president formally moves the nation past its racial problems, essentially maintains that affirmative action has run its course, is no longer necessary, and is a relic of a past that has been affirmatively overcome. Affirmative action, as a progressive doctrine aimed at diversifying our classrooms and country to the benefit of all and leveling the American playing field, appears to be fighting for survival. Into this breach steps Professor Deirdre Bowen and her crucially important study Brilliant Disguise: An Empirical Analysis of a Social Experiment Banning Affirmative Action. In this article, detailing the results of her empirical study, Professor Bowen carefully analyzes the experiences of minority students currently attending U.S. undergraduate and graduate programs in the hard sciences. While her findings are disheartening (i.e., racism and discrimination continues at alarming rates in upper-level educational institutions), they are critical to understanding what must be done to ensure equality and social justice in the future. What is remarkable about Brilliant Disguise is that Professor Bowen asks the right questions and gathers the right information that allows her to provide the kind of empirical analysis that brings honesty and reality to the affirmative action debate. For the past decade, as I have carefully followed, engaged in, and written about affirmative action, I have often and openly lamented that modern opponents of affirmative action are frequently dishonest and disingenuous in their opposition. The most outspoken critics of affirmative action have warily refused to ask meaningful questions and have continuously balked at opportunities to analyze consequential issues, data, and material that might serve to cast long shadows over their antagonistic positions. Anti-affirmative action adherents, from the beginning, have focused their attention on the wrong criteria in evaluating the doctrine's potential and effectiveness, leading to wrong-headed arguments that serve to perpetuate white privilege and power. Opponents of affirmative action routinely rely on several “go-to” arguments as justification for why the doctrine must be eliminated. For the most part, arguments such as stigma, color-blind constitutionalism, and mismatch have gone unchallenged from an empirical perspective, allowing oppositionists to use simple opinion to perpetuate their objections. But now, Brilliant Disguise provides valuable empirical data that can be used to evaluate the justifications most often posited for ending affirmative action. This data allows vital insights into race relations in the twenty-first century and the utility of affirmative action as an effective tool in the quest to achieve social justice in the United States. Professor Bowen's findings are explosive, and in my mind, serve to undermine each of the primary backward-looking oppositionist arguments against affirmative action. To that end, this Commentary will introduce and inspect three of the most popular arguments posited by affirmative action opponents: stigma, mismatch, and a combination of reverse discrimination and color-blind constitutionalism. Part I describes Justice Clarence Thomas's stigma justification for eradicating affirmative action and then describes normative contentions that have been made in response. Part II explores Professor Richard Sander's mismatch theory as a basis for eliminating affirmative action. And Part III examines Ward Connerly's reverse discrimination and color-blind ideal justification for terminating affirmative action. Each Part then summarizes the critical findings of Brilliant Disguise and applies those findings to illustrate how Bowen's new data undermines each oppositionist argument in insightful ways.
Author: A. M. Babkina
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781590335703
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
This guide to the literature presents 451 descriptions of books, reports and articles dealing with all aspects of affirmative action including: Race relations; Economic aspects; Reverse discrimination; Preferences; Affirmative Action programs: Public opinion; Court decisions; Education and many more. Complete author and subject indexes are provided.
