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Author: Jean R. Brodeur
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438931756
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Though ocean acidification is well-documented, the nature of estuarine chemistry and the lack of high quality inorganic carbon data for most estuaries create a number of problems for scientists and managers seeking to answer the question of whether and how estuaries are acidifying and what is causing the change. Even when researchers document acidification, the existing regulatory system can be ill-suited to address the threat. In response to the gap in estuarine acidification research and policy, this dissertation uses the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to total alkalinity (TA) ratio to address technical, conceptual and management challenges. Through conducting the first complete main stem Chesapeake Bay inorganic carbon study, I was able to establish baseline information about spatial and seasonal variability. The strength of the relationship between DIC/TA and pH in both the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays allowed me to model pH that differed less from the observed pH than traditional thermodynamic calculations, bypassing errors related to unknown organic acids and bases or inaccurate K1 and K2 equilibrium constants. Finally, I designed three methods for applying DIC/TA and the ratio method as estuarine management tools to the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, allowing for quantification of relative vulnerability across time and space. These uses of the DIC/TA ratio provide novel, observation-based methods to monitor and compare estuarine acidification vulnerability at the local scale and address unmet managerial needs.
Author: Jean R. Brodeur
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438931756
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Get Book Here
Book Description
Though ocean acidification is well-documented, the nature of estuarine chemistry and the lack of high quality inorganic carbon data for most estuaries create a number of problems for scientists and managers seeking to answer the question of whether and how estuaries are acidifying and what is causing the change. Even when researchers document acidification, the existing regulatory system can be ill-suited to address the threat. In response to the gap in estuarine acidification research and policy, this dissertation uses the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to total alkalinity (TA) ratio to address technical, conceptual and management challenges. Through conducting the first complete main stem Chesapeake Bay inorganic carbon study, I was able to establish baseline information about spatial and seasonal variability. The strength of the relationship between DIC/TA and pH in both the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays allowed me to model pH that differed less from the observed pH than traditional thermodynamic calculations, bypassing errors related to unknown organic acids and bases or inaccurate K1 and K2 equilibrium constants. Finally, I designed three methods for applying DIC/TA and the ratio method as estuarine management tools to the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, allowing for quantification of relative vulnerability across time and space. These uses of the DIC/TA ratio provide novel, observation-based methods to monitor and compare estuarine acidification vulnerability at the local scale and address unmet managerial needs.
Author: Abhijit Mitra
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030847926
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
This book provides a cross-sectoral, multi-disciplinary assessment of different problems associated with estuarine acidification with special thrust on mangrove dominated Indian Sundarban estuaries. The arms of ocean acidification have extended to coastal and estuarine waters, where a wide spectrum of biodiversity thrives with unique adaptation extending several ecosystem services. Impact of acidification in these areas is a matter of concern as acidification potentially has more immediate effects on the health of estuaries and inshore regions as well as regional economies. Ground zero data collected for more than three decades have made the book stand on a strong base.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069483
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030916155X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
Author: P. C. Head
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521301653
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
Originally published in 1985, this book concentrates on the techniques and practicalities of data collection from the estuarine environment. It is intended that the information presented will increase the reader's understanding of estuarine processes thus enabling him to devise sensible sampling programmes and to interpret the results once obtained.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309048265
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
Close to one-half of all Americans live in coastal counties. The resulting flood of wastewater, stormwater, and pollutants discharged into coastal waters is a major concern. This book offers a well-delineated approach to integrated coastal management beginning with wastewater and stormwater control. The committee presents an overview of current management practices and problems. The core of the volume is a detailed model for integrated coastal management, offering basic principles and methods, a direction for moving from general concerns to day-to-day activities, specific steps from goal setting through monitoring performance, and a base of scientific and technical information. Success stories from the Chesapeake and Santa Monica bays are included. The volume discusses potential barriers to integrated coastal management and how they may be overcome and suggests steps for introducing this concept into current programs and legislation. This practical volume will be important to anyone concerned about management of coastal waters: policymakers, resource and municipal managers, environmental professionals, concerned community groups, and researchers, as well as faculty and students in environmental studies.
Author: Ron Naaman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468474243
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
The workshop on "The structure of small molecules and ions" was held at the Neve-Han guest house, near Jerusalem, Israel on December 13 to 18 in mem ory of the late Professor Itzhak Plesser. Professor Plesser played a central role in the research done both at the Weizmann Institute and at Argonne National Laboratories on the "Coulomb explosion" method. His friends honored his memory by organizing a meeting in which subjects related to Plesser's interests would be discussed. Just a week be fore the conference started we were struck by another tragedy -the death of our graduate student Ms. Hana Kovner, who participated in many of the Coulomb explosion experiments at the Weizmann Institute. We would like to dedicate these proceedings to her memory as well. The goal of the workshop was to bring together chemists and physicists working on different aspects of the structural problems of small molecular en tities. The time seemed appropriate for discussing experimental and theoretical concepts, since in recent years new methods have been introduced, and a large amount of information has been accumulated on systems not studied before, like unstable molecules, ions, van der Waals molecules and clusters. The program of the workshop reflects, we believe, these new developments. The meeting was characterized by intensive discussions in which the weak nesses and strengths of new and of well established concepts were revealed. We hope that it measured up to the high standards Itzhak Plesser maintained all through his scientific life.
Author: Dave Reay
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1845931890
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
In this first comprehensive handbook of the earth's sinks for greenhouse gases, leading researchers from around the world provide an expert synthesis of current understanding and uncertainties. It will be a valuable resource for students, researchers and practitioners in conservation, ecology and environmental studies.
Author: Jianfang Chen
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832500765
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Author: Thomas S. Bianchi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471161745
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
The definitive ecological guide to the Gulf of MexicoEstuaries Today the ecological health of the Gulf of Mexico--long the base ofvast commercial fisheries--is at risk from a potent array ofthreats, from increased nutrient inputs to the loss of coastalwetlands that impact water quality. Never before has knowledge of the biogeochemical processes of theGulf's estuaries and wetlands been so critical to its preservation,and yet until now research on this vital area has beenfragmented. Biogeochemistry of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries offers a comprehensive,integrated examination of these vital natural resources and theirecology. Featuring contributions from a diverse group of expertscientists from all regions of the Gulf Coast, thisinterdisciplinary reference provides extensive coverage of what isknown about biogeochemical processes--and the factors that regulatethem--in warm temperate and subtropical systems. Organized around aframework that integrates geomorphology, sedimentary processes,nutrient cycling, and trace metals chemistry, it not onlydemonstrates how the Gulf's estuarine systems work, but alsoestablishes a basis for how they compare with other, better-studiedtemperate estuaries. In addition, the book features afascinating--and timely--examination of the effects ofbiogeochemical processes on estuarine management. Biogeochemistry of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries will be welcomed byecologists, marine scientists, environmental activists, and anyoneinvolved with managing these precious natural resources.
