Author: Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889198642
Category : Dyslexia
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
Understanding the mechanisms responsible for developmental dyslexia (DD) is a key challenge for researchers. A large literature, mostly concerned with learning to read in opaque orthographies, emphasizes phono-logical interpretations of the disturbance. Other approaches focused on the visual-per-ceptual aspects of orthographic coding. Recently, this perspective was supported by imaging data showing that individuals with DD have hypo-activation in occipito-temporal areas (a finding common to both transpar-ent and opaque orthographies). Nevertheless, it is difficult to infer causal relationships from activation data. Accommodating these findings within the cognitive architecture of reading processes is still an open issue. This is a general problem, which is present in much of the literature. For example, several studies investigating the perceptual and cognitive abilities that distinguish groups of children with and without DD failed to provide explicit links with the reading process. Thus, several areas of investigation (e.g., acoustic deficits or magnocellular deficiencies) have been plagued by replication failures. Furthermore, much research has neglected the possible contribution of comorbid symptoms. By contrast, it is now well established that developmental disorders present a large spectrum of homotopic and heterotopic co-morbidities that make causal interpretations problematic. This has led to the idea that the etiology of learning difficulties is multifactorial, thus challenging the traditional models of DD. Recent genetic studies provide information on the multiple risk factors that contribute to the genesis of the disturbance. Another critical issue in DD is that much of the research has been conducted in English-speaking individuals. However, English is a highly irregular orthography and doubts have been raised on the appropriateness of automatically extending interpretations based on English to other more regular orthographies. By contrast, important information can be gotten from systematic comparisons across languages. Thus, the distinction between regular and irregular orthographies is another potentially fruitful area of investigation. Overall, in spite of much research current interpretations seem unable to integrate all available findings. Some proposals focus on the cognitive description of the reading profile and explicitly ignore the distal causes of the disturbance. Others propose visual, acoustic or phonological mech-anisms but fail to link them to the pattern of reading impairment present in different children. The present Research Topic brings together studies based on different methodological approaches (i.e., behavioural studies examining cognitive and psycholinguistic factors, eye movement inves-tigations, biological markers, neuroimaging and genetic studies), involving dyslexic groups with and without comorbid symptoms, and in different orthographies (transparent and opaque) to identify the mechanisms underlying DD. The RT does not focus on a single model or theory of dyslexia but rather brings together different approaches and ideas which we feel are fruitful for a deeper understanding developmental dyslexia.
Author: Vana Chiou
Publisher: Waxmann Verlag
ISBN: 3830993781
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
Voices from the Classroom illustrates that teachers have a leading voice in the policies that impact their students and the profession of teaching. The aim is to provide a rich and broad view of the impact of inquiry in the classrooms, from primary to higher education, and to provide a window into the perspective of teachers. Voices from the Classroom allows us to advance this mission by identifying and then turning educators' ideas into action. The publication includes chapters on issues ranging from dyslexic students' geospatial abilities to teachers' differential behaviours related, student characteristics and the experiences of refugees with bullying in the educational space. All the contributions published in this book emerged from real classrooms: our teachers and researchers conducted their research by drawing on their experience as educators. We believe that these insights into everyday classrooms, and the issues affecting them, are crucial to making teaching and learning better. We hope they can help drive real, positive change for students and teachers.
Author: Guadalupe Dávila
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889718662
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 129
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Book Description
Author: Jac J. W. Andrews
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443135533
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 561
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Book Description
Clinical Reasoning and Decision-Making Process: Child and Adolescent Assessment and Intervention presents an in-depth analysis by experienced psychologists on how to engage in clinical reasoning and decision making from assessment to intervention with children and youth. This book emphasizes the importance of using and articulating clinical reasoning within a well-defined framework and its goal in guiding diagnostic and treatment decisions. This book encourages critical thinking including reflection, judgment, inference, problem solving, and decisionmaking based on the interaction of efficient and effective clinical judgment and truth-seeking accountability.With a primary goal of providing examples of processes and procedures, this book validates and enriches the importance of clinical reasoning and decision making in psychology. - Includes rationale for insight and conceptualization of clinical reasoning and decision making - Uses models and illustrations to showcase clinical reasoning and decision making relative to child and youth concerns and needs - Enables understanding of issues and experiences of children and youth in the psychological setting - Presents approaches for explicit, conscious, and accountable critical thinking - Outlines how to evaluate one's own thinking and the thinking of others - Features examples of conscious, purposeful, and informed clinical reasoning, decision making, and critical thinking - Facilitates a comprehensive and ethical analysis of issues in the lives of children and youth
Author: John Stein
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019958981X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
Although the dominant view of dyslexia is that it is caused by linguistic/phonological weakness, recent research within neuroscience has shown that it is associated with visual processing problems as well. This book brings together research from neurology, neuroscience, and the vision sciences to present a cutting edge review of this topic.
Author: Brenda Rapp
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351020080
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
The ability to communicate with written language is critical for success in school and in the workplace. Unfortunately, many children suffer from developmental dysgraphia—impairment in acquiring spelling or handwriting skills—and this form of impairment has received relatively little attention from researchers and educators. This volume brings together, for the first time, theoretically grounded and methodologically rigorous research on developmental dysgraphia, presented alongside reviews of the typical development of spelling and writing skills. Leading experts on writing and dysgraphia shed light on different types of impairments that can affect the learning of spelling and writing skills, and provide insights into the typical development of these skills. The volume, which contributes both to the basic science of literacy and to the applied science of diagnosing and treating developmental dysgraphia, should interest researchers, educators, and clinicians. This book was originally published as a special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology.
Author: Ludo Verhoeven
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108428770
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
The first truly systematic, multi-disciplinary, and cross-linguistic study of the language and writing system factors affecting the emergence of dyslexia.
Author: Julian G. Elliott
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521119863
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
An examination of how we use the term 'dyslexia' and how this may undermine aid for struggling readers.
Author: International Reading Association
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: B.J. Casey
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
ISBN: 1585626902
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
The multidisciplinary field of developmental psychobiology has uncovered new findings in behavioral progressions that have led to exciting avenues for therapeutic intervention. Developmental Psychobiology examines typical and atypical behavioral and neural development, reflecting a broad sampling of this multidisciplinary field in its five densely informative chapters. Here, ten contributors discuss early attachment, face processing, reading disability, Tourette's syndrome, and schizophrenia as a disorder of neurodevelopment -- emphasizing three fundamental topics that are especially relevant to biological and child psychiatry: Learning and development and the methods for studying them -- Understanding normal progressions as a dynamic behavioral and neural process will have a significant impact in determining the biological substrates of clinical disorders and how we can target effective treatments and interventions for behaviors such as the waxing and waning of symptoms in Tourette's syndrome and OCD, eye contact and gaze in autism, word reading in dyslexia, and working memory in schizophrenia. The establishment of typical and atypical developmental progressions in systems -- Both plasticity and stability are critical in the normal development of behavioral and neural systems. For example, certain behaviors are appropriate at one age but inappropriate at other ages, whereas some clinical disorders may not diminish or change with age and may be viewed instead as developmental delays or deficiencies. The impact of methodological advances on imaging and genetics in understanding typical and atypical behavioral and neural development -- How have developments in noninvasive tools for looking into the developing, behaving human brain -- imaging, computational modeling and genetic techniques -- helped us to inform or constrain our understanding of typical and atypical development? Until now, biological psychiatry has been based on psychopharmacological work, but now, with imaging and genetic techniques, we can further characterize the biological mechanisms underlying a disorder. With chapters that elucidate the newest research in the field, Developmental Psychobiology provides clinicians an abundance of insight that can provide practical help to patients and a richer understanding of the underpinnings of cognitive and emotional disorders.
