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Author: Evgeniia Butaeva
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Laser pulses, Ultrashort
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
A molecular level understanding of photodynamics in condensed media is one of the recent challenges to chemical physics. This is because of the intrinsic complexity of liquid-phase photophysical and photochemical singularities arising from competing intra- and intermolecular processes. Such processes often take place on a timescale of a few femtoseconds (10-15 s) to several tens of picoseconds (10-12 s). In this work, the model photochemical processes used to investigate ultrafast photo-induced reaction dynamics in solution. The model compounds are non-metal/metal polyhalogenated small molecules. The gas-phase photochemistry of these small molecules is thoroughly examined, which also enables to establish the connection between liquid and gas phase dynamics. Furthermore, contrary to the scrupulously investigated di- and triatomic molecular systems, more vibrational degrees of freedom are accessible both for the model parent molecules, nascent polyatomic radical species, and isomer photoproducts. Therefore, a detailed mapping of the photochemical reaction paths of these molecular systems can possibly reveal different couplings between the reactive modes and other dark states in a far-from-equilibrium situation. The complexity of the encountered ultrafast events requires the utilization of several experimental and computational approaches. Results of femtosecond transient absorption, picosecond transient resonance Raman, excited state ab initio calculations are discussed in this context.
Author: Evgeniia Butaeva
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Laser pulses, Ultrashort
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
A molecular level understanding of photodynamics in condensed media is one of the recent challenges to chemical physics. This is because of the intrinsic complexity of liquid-phase photophysical and photochemical singularities arising from competing intra- and intermolecular processes. Such processes often take place on a timescale of a few femtoseconds (10-15 s) to several tens of picoseconds (10-12 s). In this work, the model photochemical processes used to investigate ultrafast photo-induced reaction dynamics in solution. The model compounds are non-metal/metal polyhalogenated small molecules. The gas-phase photochemistry of these small molecules is thoroughly examined, which also enables to establish the connection between liquid and gas phase dynamics. Furthermore, contrary to the scrupulously investigated di- and triatomic molecular systems, more vibrational degrees of freedom are accessible both for the model parent molecules, nascent polyatomic radical species, and isomer photoproducts. Therefore, a detailed mapping of the photochemical reaction paths of these molecular systems can possibly reveal different couplings between the reactive modes and other dark states in a far-from-equilibrium situation. The complexity of the encountered ultrafast events requires the utilization of several experimental and computational approaches. Results of femtosecond transient absorption, picosecond transient resonance Raman, excited state ab initio calculations are discussed in this context.
Author: Darya S Budkina
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
This work aims at deeper understanding of chemical reaction dynamics, ultrafast photochemical and photophysical relaxation pathways, and energy redistribution and dissipation in the liquid phase on a femto-to-picosecond timescale. Breaking and making of chemical bonds, structural reorganization, and energy flow are all the essence of chemistry, and all occur on the time scale of molecular vibrations (tens of femtoseconds). Important insights about the structure of evolving molecules, relaxation phenomena, and ultrafast photochemical and photophysical population dynamics can be obtained using sub-50-fs time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. As a result, highly viable and/or unique information about the mechanism of relaxation dynamics and the nature of short-lived intermediates can be gained. Furthermore, ultrashort laser pulses with duration of 100 fs or shorter can help set up and detect coherent motion in vibronic excited and ground states. Coherence observed in product states provides the knowledge about electronic and nuclear motion along the relaxation path. This yields the information about the potential energy surfaces involved in the photochemical or photophysical process that occurs. The knowledge acquired from such experiments can be used as an entry point for control of femtochemical processes in solution. The technical aspect of this work focuses on developing and optimizing the ultrafast transient absorption setup for studying ultra-rapid photochemical relaxation dynamics in the molecules of interest, namely, geminal dibromocycloalkanes and halogen-containing transition metal complexes. Excitation pulses from deep-UV to near-IR were temporally compressed using prisms compressors to generate sub-40 fs laser pulses. Also, stable white-light continuum pulses used for probing were generated in the wide spectral range of 280 - 760 nm. This thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part provides information about ultrafast dynamics (10-fs time resolution after deconvolution) of geminal dibromocycloalkanes. The second part covers ultrafast radiationless relaxation dynamics of halogen-containing transition metal complexes (IrBr62-, IrCl62-, etc.). A particular focus in this part is on excitation into several vibronic states of the different nature (ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) and intraconfigurational), where the lowest-excited intraconfigurational state is accessed via direct femtosecond near-IR (2000 nm) excitation.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080538312
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 677
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Book Description
The book is a multi-author survey (in 15 chapters) of the current state of knowledge and recent developments in our understanding of oxide surfaces. The author list includes most of the acknowledged world experts in this field. The material covered includes fundamental theory and experimental studies of the geometrical, vibrational and electronic structure of such surfaces, but with a special emphasis on the chemical properties and associated reactivity. The main focus is on metal oxides but coverage extends from 'simple' rocksalt materials such as MgO through to complex transition metal oxides with different valencies.
Author: Jean-Pierre Fouassier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527821287
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 768
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Book Description
A comprehensive text that covers everything from the processes and mechanisms to the reactions and industrial applications of photoinitiators Photoinitiators offers a wide-ranging overview of existing photoinitiators and photoinitiating systems and their uses in ever-growing green technologies. The authors—noted experts on the topic—provide a concise review of the backgrounds in photopolymerization and photochemistry, explain the available structures, and examine excited state properties, involved mechanisms, and structure, reactivity, and efficiency relationships. The text also contains information on the latest developments and trends in the design of novel tailor-made systems. The book explores the role of current systems in existing and emerging processes and applications. Comprehensive in scope, it covers polymerization of thick samples and in-shadow areas, polymerization under LEDs, NIR light induced thermal polymerization, photoinitiators for novel specific and improved properties, and much more. Written by an experienced and internationally renowned team of authors, this important book: Provides detailed information about excited state processes, mechanisms, and design of efficient photoinitiator systems Discusses the performance of photoinitiators of polymerization by numerous examples of reactions and application Includes information on industrial applications Presents a review of current developments and challenges Offers an introduction to the background information necessary to understand the field Discusses the role played by photoinitiators in a variety of different polymerization reactions Written for polymer chemists, photochemists, and materials scientists, Photoinitiators will also earn a place on the bookshelves of photochemists seeking an authoritative, one-stop guide to the processes, mechanisms, and industrial applications of photoinitiators.
Author: Roman Boulatov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319228250
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.
Author: Arnost Reiser
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
A comprehensive introduction to the theory & applications of resists. Discusses applications of polymers in the imaging industry, especially printing, & the fabrication of solid-state electronic devices. Reviews resist systems in the order in which they made their appearance & incorporates background material on the necessary photophysics, radiation chemistry, & image science.
Author: Masao Ikeda-Saito
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782629912
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
This book highlights the many and varied catalytic activities of O2-dependent heme-iron enzymes, including monoxygenases and cytochrome P450, dioxygenases, oxidases and model heme systems required for postgraduate students and researchers in biochemistry and metallobiology.
Author: Ali Mufit Bahadir
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9048129036
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Sustainable Development has become the leading concept of the 21 century. It describes a development, which agrees with the needs of the present generation but does not endanger the chances of the coming generations to satisfy also their needs. “Sustainable development” has become an important general goal for all fields of life like economy, ecology and social balance. The development and shaping of our future has been discussed internationally like on the summits of the Conferences in Rio and in Johannesburg. But this is also a topic on national base in various countries. Leading authorities in various fields of economy and politics have also accepted this concept. Although the concept of sustainable development has been generally accepted, there are still problems how to achieve and evaluate these general goals. It is clear that the definitions about the prime needs vary from man to man, from country to country and from continent to continent. But pollution does not respect national borders. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the politics of economy, ecology and social demands by a synergistic way that they are strengthened by each other. If it is not possible to stop tendencies, which threaten the future quality of life, the cost demands of societies will dramatically increase and negative tendencies will become irreversible.
Author: Abel M. Maharramov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119113857
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
This book aims to overview the role of non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen and halogen bonding, π-π, π-anion and electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic effects and van der Waals forces in the synthesis of organic and inorganic compounds, as well as in design of new crystals and function materials. The proposed book should allow to combine, in a systematic way, recent advances on the application of non-covalent interactions in synthesis and design of new compounds and functional materials with significance in Inorganic, Organic, Coordination, Organometallic, Pharmaceutical, Biological and Material Chemistries. Therefore, it should present a multi- and interdisciplinary character assuring a rather broad scope. We believe it will be of interest to a wide range of academic and research staff concerning the synthesis of new compounds, catalysis and materials. Each chapter will be written by authors who are well known experts in their respective fields.
Author: K. C. Nicolaou
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN: 9783527309832
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
K.C. Nicolaou - Winner of the Nemitsas Prize 2014 in Chemistry Here, the best-selling author and renowned researcher, K. C. Nicolaou, presents around 40 natural products that all have an enormous impact on our everyday life. Printed in full color throughout with a host of pictures, this book is written in the author's very enjoyable and distinct style, such that each chapter is full of interesting and entertaining information on the facts, stories and people behind the scenes. Molecules covered span the healthy and useful, as well as the much-needed and extremely toxic, including Aspirin, urea, camphor, morphine, strychnine, penicillin, vitamin B12, Taxol, Brevetoxin and quinine. A veritable pleasure to read.
