Two-dimensional Numerical Modelling of River Ice Dynamics PDF Download
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Author: Shunan Lu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finite element method
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Author: Shunan Lu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finite element method
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Author: Lianwu Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice booms
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
Author: Yi-Ching Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice mechanics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Author: Chunqing Wang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351042335
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
The Ning-Meng reach of the Yellow River basin is located in the Inner Mongolia region at the Northern part of the Yellow River. Due to the special geographical conditions, the river flow direction is towards the North causing the Ning-Meng reach to freeze up every year in wintertime. Both during the freeze-up and break-up period, unfavourable conditions occur which may cause ice jamming and ice dam formation leading to dike breaching and overtopping of the embankment. Throughout history this has often led to considerable casualties and property loss. Enhanced economic development and human activities in the region have altered the characteristics of the ice regime in recent decades, leading to several ice disasters during freezing or breaking-up periods. The integrated water resources management plan developed by the Yellow River Conservancy Commission (YRCC) outlines the requirements for water regulation in the upper Yellow River during ice flood periods. YRCC is developing measures that not only safeguard against ice floods, but also assure the availability of adequate water resources. These provide the overall requirements for developing an ice regime forecasting system including lead-time prediction and required accuracy. In order to develop such a system, numerical modelling of ice floods is an essential component of current research at the YRCC, together with field observations and laboratory experiments. In order to properly model river ice processes it is necessary to adjust the hydrodynamic equations to account for thermodynamic effects. In this research, hydrological and meteorological data from 1950 to 2010 were used to analyse the characteristics of ice regimes in the past. Also, additional field observations were carried out for ice flood model calibration and validation. By combining meteorological forecasting models with statistical models, a medium to short range air temperature forecasting model for the Ning-Meng reach was established. These results were used to improve ice formation modelling and prolong lead-time prediction. The numerical ice flood model developed in this thesis for the Ning-Meng reach allows better forecasting of the ice regime and improved decision support for upstream reservoir regulation and taking appropriate measures for disaster risk reduction.
Author: Yi-Ching Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice mechanics
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
Author: Julia Lynn Blackburn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice on rivers, lakes, etc
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Rivers in cold regions experience ice conditions for a significant part of the year. River ice can cause ice jam flooding, impact hydropower generation operations, and affect a river's ecological and morphological conditions. Many ice processes are highly dynamic and are affected by meteorological / hydrodynamic conditions, and river geomorphology. River ice can be very challenging to study due to the risks and costs associated with data collection in harsh winter conditions. One of the most economical and efficient approaches to study river ice processes and to evaluate the effects of ice on a river's regime is to use numerical model simulations. At present, most existing one-dimensional (1D) river ice models are based on an implicit finite difference solution to the Saint-Venant equations. As a result, highly dynamic events such as rapid ice jam formation or sudden ice jam release are difficult to model due to numerical instabilities that can arise if the flow approaches supercritical. Also, river ice models with network modelling capabilities reduce conservation of mass and energy principles to continuity of discharge and equality of water levels at the junctions, which may not be reasonable when the ice and flow conditions are rapidly changing. There is a need for a comprehensive 1D river ice process model that is capable of simulating the full ice regime in rivers with complex natural channel geometry where mixed flow regimes are anticipated. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a robust public-domain comprehensive 1D river ice process model, capable of handling complex natural channel geometry and channel networks for the full spectrum of scenarios from simple known steady ice conditions to highly dynamic cases such as ice jam formation or release. In this study, a number of developments were made to the University of Alberta's public-domain hydrodynamic and river ice process model, River1D, as steps towards realizing this ultimate long-term goal. Firstly, the model was reformulated to accommodate natural channel geometry and enhanced to include previously excluded ice processes. Previous versions of the model allowed for a rectangular channel approximation only. The new natural channel geometry version of the model was then enhanced to include new ice processes: water supercooling, frazil accretion, frazil re-entrainment, anchor ice formation and release, border ice formation, under-cover transport of frazil, and ice cover formation based on leading edge stability criteria. The model was validated with freeze-up data from the Susitna River, Alaska. Secondly, the model was modified to simulate flow in channel networks using a momentum based approach to simulate junctions that includes important physical effects at junctions but without the need to adjust model parameters or redefine junctions should a flow reversal occur. A series of steady and unsteady tests were used to assess this new approach. The results were compared to and agreed favourably with results simulated with a two-dimensional (2D) model. The unsteady test results demonstrated the model's capability of handling transient flow reversals. The model was then applied to a network of channels in the Mackenzie Delta for both open water and ice jam conditions. Model results agreed well with observed water level data. Modelled ice jam conditions indicated a flow reversal in the Peel Mackenzie Connector, which is consistent with observations in this channel during breakup. Lastly, the model was enhanced to simulate ice jam profiles in multi-channel networks. The enhancements include provisions for handling junctions when solving the ice jam stability equation within a channel network. The model was compared to a series of idealized test cases from a previous study that sought to investigate the impacts of islands on ice jam profiles. Model results agreed very favourably with the results from the previous study. The model was then applied to the Hay River Delta. The model was validated for both open water and ice jam conditions.
Author: Weiming Wu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203938488
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 509
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Book Description
Comprehensive text on the fundamentals of modeling flow and sediment transport in rivers treating both physical principles and numerical methods for various degrees of complexity. Includes 1-D, 2-D (both depth- and width-averaged) and 3-D models, as well as the integration and coupling of these models. Contains a broad selection
Author: Xiu Tao Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heat
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Fengbin Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Author: Jie Dai
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This thesis investigates the numerical modelling of Dynamic Position (DP) in pack ice. A two-dimensional numerical model for ship-ice interaction was developed using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). A viscous-elastic ice rheology was adopted to model the dynamic behaviour of the ice floes. Both the ship-ice and the ice-ice contacts were considered in the interaction force. The environment forces and the hydrodynamic forces were calculated by empirical formulas. After the current position and external forces were calculated, a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control and thrust allocation algorithms were applied on the vessel to control its motion and heading. The numerical model was coded in Fortran 90 and validated by comparing computation results to published data. Validation work was first carried out for the ship-ice interaction calculation, and former researchers' simulation and model test results were used for the comparison. With confidence in the interaction model, case studies were conducted to predict the DP capability of a sample Arctic DP vessel.
