Author: Dale L. Nolte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black bear
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
Describes alternative approaches to controlling the damage black bears cause during the spring when they strip bark to eat the newly formed wood underneath. One bear might strip as many as 70 trees in a day. The trees will be damaged and may be killed if the bark is stripped all the way around the tree, girdling it. Bears appear to strip the most vigorous trees, preferring stands that have been thinned, or those where urea fertilizer has been applied. Bears also appear to prefer trees with a high concentration of sugars relative to the concentration of terpenes. Pruning decreases the sugar-to-terpene ratio, reducing the likelihood that trees will be stripped by bears. Bears generally quit stripping trees once other foods become available during the late spring or early summer. One approach to reducing damage has been to provide supplemental feed (pellets resembling dog food) in stands being damaged by bears. In one study, damage was just one-fifth as much in stands with feeders as in stands without feeders. Killing bears in areas where trees are being stripped can also reduce damage. Other approaches, such as relocation, contraception or sterilization, or repellents, are not generally practical for protecting forest plantations.
Timber Damage by Black Bears
Author: Dale L. Nolte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black bear
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
Describes alternative approaches to controlling the damage black bears cause during the spring when they strip bark to eat the newly formed wood underneath. One bear might strip as many as 70 trees in a day. The trees will be damaged and may be killed if the bark is stripped all the way around the tree, girdling it. Bears appear to strip the most vigorous trees, preferring stands that have been thinned, or those where urea fertilizer has been applied. Bears also appear to prefer trees with a high concentration of sugars relative to the concentration of terpenes. Pruning decreases the sugar-to-terpene ratio, reducing the likelihood that trees will be stripped by bears. Bears generally quit stripping trees once other foods become available during the late spring or early summer. One approach to reducing damage has been to provide supplemental feed (pellets resembling dog food) in stands being damaged by bears. In one study, damage was just one-fifth as much in stands with feeders as in stands without feeders. Killing bears in areas where trees are being stripped can also reduce damage. Other approaches, such as relocation, contraception or sterilization, or repellents, are not generally practical for protecting forest plantations.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black bear
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
Describes alternative approaches to controlling the damage black bears cause during the spring when they strip bark to eat the newly formed wood underneath. One bear might strip as many as 70 trees in a day. The trees will be damaged and may be killed if the bark is stripped all the way around the tree, girdling it. Bears appear to strip the most vigorous trees, preferring stands that have been thinned, or those where urea fertilizer has been applied. Bears also appear to prefer trees with a high concentration of sugars relative to the concentration of terpenes. Pruning decreases the sugar-to-terpene ratio, reducing the likelihood that trees will be stripped by bears. Bears generally quit stripping trees once other foods become available during the late spring or early summer. One approach to reducing damage has been to provide supplemental feed (pellets resembling dog food) in stands being damaged by bears. In one study, damage was just one-fifth as much in stands with feeders as in stands without feeders. Killing bears in areas where trees are being stripped can also reduce damage. Other approaches, such as relocation, contraception or sterilization, or repellents, are not generally practical for protecting forest plantations.
General Technical Report PNW-GTR
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 1136
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 1136
Book Description
Bears--their Biology and Management
Author: Clifford J. Martinka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bears
Languages : en
Pages : 390
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bears
Languages : en
Pages : 390
Book Description
Assessment and Management of Animal Damage in Pacific Northwest Forest
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest protection
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest protection
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
Research Update
Author: Denver Wildlife Research Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wildlife research
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wildlife research
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Book Description
Research Update
Author: National Wildlife Research Center (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wildlife management
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wildlife management
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Book Description
General Technical Report RM.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 220
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 220
Book Description
Silvicultural Approaches to Animal Damage Management in Pacific Northwest Forests
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest protection
Languages : en
Pages : 440
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest protection
Languages : en
Pages : 440
Book Description
The Black Bear in Modern North America
Author: Dale A. Burk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Old-growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Old growth forests
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Old growth forests
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description