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Author: Kelly Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Author: Kelly Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Author: Jorge I. Ugaz
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303231834
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 117
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This dissertation contains three empirical essays that explore the effects of natural disasters and family transitions on long-term child outcomes and short-term parental behavior. The first essay ("Impact of Shocks in Utero and in Early Life on Stunting: the Case of Philippines' Typhoons") assesses the long-term effects of natural disasters early in life on health outcomes, mainly stunting, and explores some of the possible channels causing those long term effects. The second essay ("Effects of Natural Disasters on Fertility Behavior: Evidence of Treatment Heterogeneity") assesses the effects of natural disasters also, typhoons in particular, on fertility behavior, and explores the existence of treatment heterogeneity. Finally, the third essay ("Parents' shared and solo time with children: Composition and correlates") studies different correlates of the composition of parental time investments under the perspective of a child, and explores how that composition changes when parents adapt to the birth of a new child.
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Languages : en
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There are many ways parents can improve their offspring's outcomes. For example, they can invest in offspring's education or health. They can provide better social connections to obtain job information or personal references. In addition, they can exert political influence to obtain better labor market outcomes for their offspring. Understanding exactly how parents improve their offspring's outcomes is very important for the formation of political perspectives and policy designs. However, it is very difficult to disentangle the factors, as parents of high socioeconomic status do many things to help their children succeed. This dissertation presents three quasi-experimental studies to understand the causal mechanisms of parents' influence on children's outcomes in the context of China and United States. Chapter two examines the implementation of court-ordered racial desegregation of schools and finds that school desegregation increases biracial births. This provides the first evidence of how an education policy that affects racial integration also has demographic implications and an intergenerational impact on social and economic opportunities.
Author: David Simon
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303540622
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Parental behavior has potentially large implications for child health and child economic outcomes. In three essays, I explore two topics: how the health behavior of parents impacts their children's health and wellbeing, and the degree to which policy can alter parental behavior such that child health improves. The first essay examines how cash transfers to pregnant single mothers via the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) improve child birth weight. The second essay shows that cigarette taxes reduce maternal smoking and improve childhood health outcomes. The final essay documents the correlation between parental and teen smoking using the Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement. As a whole, this dissertation contributes to our understanding of how health transmits from parent to child, an important mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of inequality.
Author: Mayu Fuji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Mayu Fuji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Author: Institute of Medicine and National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173930
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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America's Children is a comprehensive, easy-to-read analysis of the relationship between health insurance and access to care. The book addresses three broad questions: How is children's health care currently financed? Does insurance equal access to care? How should the nation address the health needs of this vulnerable population? America's Children explores the changing role of Medicaid under managed care; state-initiated and private sector children's insurance programs; specific effects of insurance status on the care children receive; and the impact of chronic medical conditions and special health care needs. It also examines the status of "safety net" health providers, including community health centers, children's hospitals, school-based health centers, and others and reviews the changing patterns of coverage and tax policy options to increase coverage of private-sector, employer-based health insurance. In response to growing public concerns about uninsured children, last year Congress voted to provide $24 billion over five years for new state insurance initiatives. This volume will serve as a primer for concerned federal policymakers and regulators, state agency officials, health plan decisionmakers, health care providers, children's health advocates, and researchers.
Author: Michael Maravilla Alba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Author: Joanna Eliza Sikora
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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This dissertation is comprised of three papers on health and household behavior. Two of the papers focus on the influence of family on health outcomes. The third paper examines household member preferences and their association with outcomes for other individuals within the family unit. The first paper tests the relationship of adult-child and elderly-parent contact frequency on elderly cognitive functioning (dementia) using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The paper examines various mechanisms through which the intensity of contact with adult, nonresident children impacts elderly cognitive functioning. An instrumental variables model is used to account for the endogeneity in the level of parent-child contact. Results indicate a positive association between intensity of contact from nonresident adult children and mothers' cognitive functioning; however, no causal relationship is found suggesting that higher levels of contact are due to selection. The second paper examines the prediction of stated, altruistic, preferences on an individual's revealed preferences, observed intergenerational family transfers. Measures of altruism toward children and parents are constructed, using hypothetical questions in the 1996 wave of the HRS that assess individuals' willingness to transfer income to others, and evaluated for their additional explanatory power, within traditional models of intergenerational transfers, on observable transfer behavior. Results indicate that higher levels of altruistic preferences are associated with higher probabilities of transfers and larger transfer amounts from respondents to children; however, transfers to parents do not appear to be related to the altruism measure. The final paper investigates the link between relationship status and body mass index. There are four hypotheses (selection, protection, social obligation and marriage market) that might explain the relationship between marital status transitions and changes in Body Mass Index (BMI). Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, individual fixed effects models are estimated to examine associations between the change in log BMI, and the incidence of overweight and obesity, and changes in relationship status. There is no support for the marriage protection hypothesis. Rather evidence supports the social obligation and marriage market hypotheses-BMI increases for both men and women during marriage and in the course of a cohabiting relationship.
Author: Aparna Lhila
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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