Thomson Scattering Measurements of the Plasma Parameters in a Hollow-anode with Ferroelectric Plasma Source PDF Download
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Author: Vladislav Vekselman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Author: Vladislav Vekselman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Author: James Steven Ross
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781124339498
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Simultaneous scattering from electron-plasma waves and ion-acoustic waves is used to measure local laser-produced plasma parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution including electron temperature and density, average charge state, plasma flow velocity, and ion temperature. In addition, the first measurements of relativistic modifications in the collective Thomson scattering spectrum from thermal electron-plasma fluctuations are presented [1]. Due to the high phase velocity of electron-plasma fluctuations, relativistic effects are important even at low electron temperatures (T/e
Author: Edward Rolfe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
A plasma diagnostic technique is presented which utilizes the Thomson scattering of a laser beam from free electrons. By this means a measurement may be made of both electron concentration and temperature. An extensive analysis of background radiation (noise) is given, and of the photoionization effects of the laser beam. Details of a plasma source which continuously simulates conditions in a reentry plasma, of a giant pulse laser, and of detection apparatus are described. By taking advantage of the broad Doppler spectrum of the Thomson-scattered light, measurements of the spectral wings to the exclusion of the laser wavelength permits the elimination of background radiation to a substantial degree. The investigation is specialized to conditions encountered in reentry plasmas, but would be applicable to measurements in rocket exhausts and explosion generated plasmas. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
We describe how the powerful technique of spectrally resolved Thomson scattering can be extended to the x-ray regime, for direct measurements of the ionization state, density, temperature, and the microscopic behavior of dense cool plasmas. Such a direct measurement of microscopic parameters of solid density plasmas could eventually be used to properly interpret laboratory measurements of material properties such as thermal and electrical conductivity, EUS and opacity. In addition, x-ray Thomson scattering will provide new information on the characteristics of rarely and hitherto difficult to diagnose Fermi degenerate and strongly coupled plasmas.
Author: S. H. Glenzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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The authors propose to investigate the dynamics of plasmas in the warm dense matter (WDM) regime on ultra-short time scales. Accessible plasma conditions are in the density range of n = 10{sup 20} - 10{sup 23} cm{sup -3} and at moderate temperatures of T = 1 - 20 eV. These plasmas are of importance for laboratory astrophysics, high energy density science and inertial confinement fusion. They are characterized by a coupling parameter of {Lambda} {approx}> 1, where electromagnetic interactions are of the same order as the kinetic energy. The high density of the plasma makes it opaque to radiation in the visible range and, as a consequence, UV up to x-ray radiation can be used to probe such systems. Therefore a wide range in the temperature-density plane of WDM is presently unexplored and only the VUV-FEL opens for the first time the opportunity for its detailed investigation. In equilibrium, the macroscopic state of the plasma is completely characterized by its density and temperature. In pump-probe experiments however, the plasma is initially in a nonequilibrium state and relaxes towards equilibrium within the relaxation time {tau}{sub R}. For t> {tau}{sub R}, the plasma is in an equilibrium state and expands hydrodynamically on a time scale {tau}{sub H}. The proposed experiment measures the time-resolved Thomson scattering signal with the VUV-FEL radiation characterizing the plasma in equilibrium and nonequilibrium states. Both regimes are extremely interesting and will provide new insight into the following phenomena: (1) details of nonequilibrium correlations, (2) relaxation phenomena, (3) hydrodynamic expansion, (4) recombination kinetics. The time-resolved Thomson scattering signal is obtained in a pump-probe experiment by varying the delay between pump and probe. The final stage of the relaxation process (t {approx} {tau}{sub R}) is of special interest since the plasma components (electrons and ion species) can be assumed to be in quasi-equilibrium. This allows for accurate measurements of the electron temperature using the detailed balance relation. For times t {approx}{tau}{sub R} the scattering spectrum provides also the plasmon damping in nonequilibrium from which information on the formation and decay of collective excitations at short time scales can be obtained. At large time scales (t {approx} {tau}{sub H}) the hydrodynamic expansion of the plasma sets in. Detailed information on the evolution of the plasma in this regime is available from sophisticated hydrodynamic computer simulations which can be tested with the proposed measurements. With the decreasing plasma density due to the expansion, recombination processes become important and need to be considered as well.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 111
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Book Description
Simultaneous scattering from electron-plasma waves and ion-acoustic waves is used to measure local laser-produced plasma parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution including electron temperature and density, average charge state, plasma flow velocity, and ion temperature. In addition, the first measurements of relativistic modifications in the collective Thomson scattering spectrum from thermal electron-plasma fluctuations are presented [1]. Due to the high phase velocity of electron-plasma fluctuations, relativistic effects are important even at low electron temperatures (Te
Author: R. M. Patrick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
Measurements of Thomson scattering from the plasma electrons were created by high speed shock waves in a magnetic annular shock tube (MAST) used to determine the electron density behind the shock waves, and some preliminary measurements of the electron velocity distribution. A Q-switch ruby laser furnished the light beam which was scattered by the plasma electrons. A rotating quartz prism furnished the Q-switching of the optical cavity for the ruby laser, and rather long Q-switched pulses were obtained (between 10 to the -7th power and 10 to the -6th power sec duration). The power level during the Q-switched pulse was between 30 and 100 megawatts. Rayleigh scattering from an air sample at various pressures was used to calibrate the power output of the laser and gave a simultaneous measure of the laser output power for all of the tests, while the Thomson scattering was being measured. The measurements of the electron density using the Thomson scattering and the plasma continuum intensities agreed within the scatter of the data. The electron temperature measurements obtained with the Thomson scattering showed that the electron temperature increased with increasing shock speed for a given initial condition. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plasma (Ionized gases)
Languages : en
Pages : 936
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Book Description
Author: NN Misra
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012801489X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
Cold Plasma in Food and Agriculture: Fundamentals and Applications is an essential reference offering a broad perspective on a new, exciting, and growing field for the food industry. Written for researchers, industry personnel, and students interested in nonthermal food technology, this reference will lay the groundwork of plasma physics, chemistry, and technology, and their biological applications. Food scientists and food engineers interested in understanding the theory and application of nonthermal plasma for food will find this book valuable because it provides a roadmap for future developments in this emerging field. This reference is also useful for biologists, chemists, and physicists who wish to understand the fundamentals of plasma physics, chemistry, and technology and their biological interactions through applying novel plasma sources to food and other sensitive biomaterials. Examines the topic of cold plasma technology for food applications Demonstrates state-of-the-art developments in plasma technology and potential solutions to improve food safety and quality Presents a solid introduction for readers on the topics of plasma physics and chemistry that are required to understand biological applications for foods Serves as a roadmap for future developments for food scientists, food engineers, and biologists, chemists, and physicists working in this emerging field
Author: Annemie Bogaerts
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038977500
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
