˜THEœ MEASUREMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC OZONE USING SATELLITE INFRARED OBSERVATIONS IN THE 9.6 MU M BAND. PDF Download
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Author: James Madison Russell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Author: James Madison Russell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: James Madison Russell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric ozone
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Author: James Madison Russell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Author: James M. Russell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ozone
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
This report presents a description and detailed analysis of a technique for inferring atmospheric ozone information from satellite nadir measurements in the 1042 cm−1 band. A method is formulated for computing the emission from the lower boundary under the satellite which circumvents the difficult analytical problems caused by the presence of atmospheric clouds and the water-vapor continuum absorption. The inversion equations are expanded in terms of the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a least-squares-solution matrix, and an analysis is performed to determine the information content of the radiance measurements. The results show that under favorable conditions there are only two pieces of independent information available from the measurements: the total ozone u and the altitude hm of the primary maximum in the ozone profile. An error analysis shows that errors in u are affected most by random radiance noise, lower boundary temperature errors, and ozone absorption-line intensity errors. Errors in hm are affected most by the former two errors and also by temperature-profile bias errors. The results when all errors are considered simultaneously indicate that it should ultimately be possible to determine u to within 10 percent or less and to determine hm to within 1.5 km when the root-mean-square radiance noise level is 1 percent or less. The calculations are also made for various degrees of cloudiness in the troposphere. The data show that the presence of clouds does not seriously affect results as long as there is some contrast between the ozone spectrum and the lower boundary emission spectrum. Finally, the inversion technique is applied to radiances measured from a balloon over Palestine, Texas, and to Nimbus III satellite data measured over the Bahama Islands.
Author: Hatem Hussny Hassan
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783846540442
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
As it is more or less agreed that atmospheric ozone is created by the action of sunlight on Oxygen, it might reasonably by expected that the Ozone amount would be at maximum in Summer and at a minimum in Winter. Observations show that this is not the case, But theories suggest a maximum Ozone in quantity in Summer (June) and a minimum in Winter (December) in N-hemisphere whilst in reality the maximum in high N-latitudes is about March and the minimum about October. The discrepancy between theory and observation is most probably due to meteorological processes. One of the most important minor constituents of air is triatomic Oxygen (O3). Ozone has been existed in the atmosphere. Results had demonstrated and suggested that the absence of the part of the sun's spectra in the Ultra-Violet band be due to absorption by atmospheric Ozone. There are many kinds of measurements and observations of the total amount of Ozone. The measurements come from the ground-based instruments (DOBSON and BREWER Spectrometer) during scientific missions and TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) Satellite.
Author: Arthur Philip Cracknell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642103340
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 701
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Book Description
The destruction of the ozone layer, together with global warming, is one of the hot environmental topics of today. This book examines the effect of human activities on atmospheric ozone, namely the increase of tropospheric ozone and the general diminution of stratospheric ozone and the production of the Antarctic ozone hole. Also discussed is the role of remote sensing techniques in the understanding of the effects of human activities on atmospheric ozone as well as in the development of social and political awareness of the damage to the ozone layer by man-made chemicals, principally CFCs. This led to the formulation and ratification in 1989 of the Montreal Protocol on controlling/banning the manufacture and use of chemicals that damage the ozone layer. Since then, remote sensing has played a key role in monitoring atmospheric ozone concentration and determining the success of the Montreal Protocol in protecting the ozone layer from further damage. In this book, the renowned authors discuss the sophisticated instruments that have been launched into space to study not only ozone but also other trace gases in the atmosphere, some of which play a key role in the generation and destruction of ozone in the atmosphere. Professors Cracknell and Varotsos also examine the satellite-flown instruments which are involved in monitoring the absorption of solar ultraviolet light in the atmosphere in relation both to the generation and destruction of ozone and consequently to human health. This scholarly book, written by the foremost experts in the field, looks at remote sensing and its employment in the various aspects of ozone science. It is widely acknowledged that global warming, due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions, represents a threat to the sustainability of human life on Earth. However, many other threats are potentially just as serious, including atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion, water pollution, the degradation of agricultural land, deforestation, the depletion of the world's mineral resources and population growth.
Author: Frank A. Bower
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351093835
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
The book, as originally conceived, was to be limited to technical considerations, but the scientific course of event has been so interwoven with non-scientific, but nevertheless related events, the authors felt necessary to include an account of this situation. Accordingly, the book is divided into five sections entitled: Stratospheric ozone Atmospheric processes influencing stratospheric ozone Does man influence stratospheric ozone Effects and research Public policy
Author: Yanni Qu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Michaela I. Hegglin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789966076021
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 79
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Book Description
Author: Daniel J. Jacob
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691001855
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.
