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Author: Masataka Fujita
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461556635
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
measure of the rate of innovation --research-and-development (R&D) expenditure per employee compared to new patents received per employee -- does not adequately capture a unique feature of SMEs, namely that owners and managers are often themselves innovators. For example, in Japan 52 per cent of SMEs' innovations reported in 1986 were created by employers, whereas in large firms 72 per cent of innovations were created by research technicians. Nevertheless, patchy evidence from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States indicates that SMEs at least hold their own in terms of innovation compared to large firms. Perhaps most significantly, a recent study indicates that, while the total number of innovations is positively related to R&D expenditures, skilled labour and the degree to which large firms comprise the industry, in innovative industries innovative activity tends to emanate more from SMEs than large firms. This is probably because in industries where large firms dominate, SMEs need to be innovative to survive. There is much information to suggest that in technologies such as micro-electronics, new materials and biotechnology SMEs tend to be in the vanguard of innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises as exporters. The contribution of SMEs to a national economy from exporting is generally small; for example, in Japan SMEs accounted for only 13 per cent of merchandise exports in 1990.
Author: Oded Shenkar
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135067589
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 697
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Book Description
The third edition of International Business offers an action-focused, practical approach to the topic, helping students understand the global business environment and its repercussions for executives. The book provides thorough coverage of the field, delving into fundamental concepts and theory; the cultural, political, and economic environment; international business strategies; and even functional management areas. More comprehensive than competing books, International Business includes: Strengthened, expanded global cases, examples, and 'industry' and 'country' mini-cases that give students practical insight into the ways companies actually behave within a competitive, global environment Updated coverage of key trends that impact how international business functions, including the drivers of globalization, e-commerce and the impact of the Internet, and international entrepreneurship New material on technology issues, the impact of the financial crisis, and problems in the EU Expanded discussion of the skills and strategies students need to succeed in today's international business environment, including dynamic capabilities, foreign direct investment, and market entry strategies Also featuring a companion website with a test bank, Powerpoint slides, and instructor’s manual, this book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students and instructors of any international business course.
Author: Masataka Fujita
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461556635
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
measure of the rate of innovation --research-and-development (R&D) expenditure per employee compared to new patents received per employee -- does not adequately capture a unique feature of SMEs, namely that owners and managers are often themselves innovators. For example, in Japan 52 per cent of SMEs' innovations reported in 1986 were created by employers, whereas in large firms 72 per cent of innovations were created by research technicians. Nevertheless, patchy evidence from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States indicates that SMEs at least hold their own in terms of innovation compared to large firms. Perhaps most significantly, a recent study indicates that, while the total number of innovations is positively related to R&D expenditures, skilled labour and the degree to which large firms comprise the industry, in innovative industries innovative activity tends to emanate more from SMEs than large firms. This is probably because in industries where large firms dominate, SMEs need to be innovative to survive. There is much information to suggest that in technologies such as micro-electronics, new materials and biotechnology SMEs tend to be in the vanguard of innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises as exporters. The contribution of SMEs to a national economy from exporting is generally small; for example, in Japan SMEs accounted for only 13 per cent of merchandise exports in 1990.
Author: Masataka Fujita
Publisher: New York : United Nations
ISBN:
Category : International business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Author: Thilo Rensmann
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192515152
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
International economic law, with its traditional focus on large multinational enterprises, is only slowly waking up to the new reality of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), entering the global marketplace. In the wake of the digital revolution, smaller companies now play an important role in the global economic landscape. In 2015 the UN expressly called for SMEs to have greater access to international trade and investment, and it is increasingly recognized that the integration of SMEs provides one of the keys to creating a more sustainable and inclusive global economy. As SMEs increasingly permeate transnational supply chains, so interactions between these companies and international economic law and policy proliferate. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in International Economic Law offers the first comprehensive analysis of the interaction between SMEs and international economic law. This book presents a broad international perspective, gathering together contributions by leading experts from academia, legal practice, and international organizations. It opens up a field of enquiry into this so far unexplored dynamic and provide a touchstone for future debate. The analysis covers a broad spectrum of international trade and investment law focusing on issues of particular interest to SMEs, such as trade in services, government procurement, and trade facilitation. Diverse perspectives illuminate regional developments (in particular within the EU) and the implications of mega-regional free trade agreements. The essays also examine questions of legitimacy of global economic governance; in particular, concerns surrounding the threat posed to the interests of domestic SMEs by the growing liberalization of international trade and investment. These essays constitute essential reading for practitioners and academics seeking to navigate a previously neglected trend in international economic law.
Author: Mathew J. Manimala
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811062986
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 425
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Book Description
This edited volume develops an understanding of the strategies, processes, issues and concerns involved when small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) go international with their local products/services and vice versa. It is a compendium of eighteen selected chapters on the subject, supported by an introductory chapter. The contributions are organized in four parts based on the sub-themes they deal with. The first part, containing the introductory chapter, provides different perspectives on transnational entrepreneurship, returnee entrepreneurship and their linkages with the internationalization process. The subsequent parts have chapters dealing with three sub-themes of the subject – the internal factors (individual and firm-level resources), the external factors (entrepreneurial ecosystem), and the process of organizational transformation and change, respectively, in the context of SME internationalization. Special issues and challenges being faced by SME entrepreneurs in emerging economies have been highlighted in this book, discussing key contemporary issues with regard to internationalization in the three dimensions outlined above. Further, the book explains how an entrepreneur can engineer the transformation of his/her organization into an international SME. This book is a very useful resource for entrepreneurs and policy-makers in general, and for academics and researchers in particular, as it provides an overview of the contemporary research in the critical areas of SME internationalization and transnational entrepreneurship by highlighting the linkages between them with special reference to emerging economies.
Author: Hamid Etemad
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 9781843767084
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Globalization has begun to dismantle the barriers that traditionally segregated local business opportunities and local firms from their international counterparts. The works in this collection provide new insights on both traditional and emerging aspects of small and medium sized enterprises.
Author: Anabella Davila
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137026081
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
Explores the concept of complexity and analyses how organizational governance can contribute to environmental sustainability. A common theme in these chapters is that organizations actively engage with their environments. Consequently, organizational responses are partly the result of iterative processes with the environment.
Author: J Mark Munoz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315312115
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
While geopolitics has captured global attention, geoeconomics is the often hidden force that governs countries’ relationships. It is the economic psyche that shapes the new world order. Geoeconomics refers to the intersection of economic factors, relationships and conditions on global events. A country’s political and business alignments have an impact on individuals, companies and on future economic stability. This book assembles leading scholars and experts from around the world to advance current thinking on geoeconomics. It is a thorough and authoritative reference work on world economics that aims to shape strategy formulation in business and government for years to come by expanding understanding on the topic of geoeconomics, analyzing the implications of international geoeconomic events, and providing the reader with theoretical and practical approaches on the management of geoeconomics. Geoeconomic concepts in this book will prove timely and highly insightful to students, academics, executives, entrepreneurs, government officials, consultants and policymakers.
Author: Birgit Hegge
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134472897
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
In easily accessible language, this book analyses the impact of Economic and Monetary Union on Small and Medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe. This overarching and widely researched study explains in a jargon-free manner the mechanisms of EMU and it's likely effect on SMEs. The book then goes on to explain and examine the results of seven case studies in Germany and France. Answers to many questions that have arisen over the years regarding SMEs and European integration can be found in the pages of this study. In a remarkably well-written and researched book, Birgit Hegge has succeeded in bringing together two interesting areas of research in an original and insightful manner. This book will be incredibly useful as a background reference for international economics and business students at an advanced level. The evidence and conclusions of this book will also, no doubt, make extremely interesting reading for European Policy makers along with those involved in European business.
Author: Art Weinstein
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136419888
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
Get closer to tailor made marketing! Ever-changing customer needs and intense competition make it crucial for companies to find new, creative ways to attract and retain customers. The Handbook of Niche Marketing: Principles and Practice fills the information gap long seen in niche marketing research by presenting the essential and influential articles from recent years in one book. This unique educational resource reveals the theories, the strategies, and real-life case studies of niche marketing success and why it is on its way to becoming the next global marketing wave. The Handbook of Niche Marketing features respected authorities’ insightful research and valuable discussions on a variety of marketing issues, such as niche marketing theory, niche vs. mass marketing, choosing niche strategy, brand loyalty, overlap, and product line cannibalizationwith practical guidelines for using niche marketing strategy in various markets. This well-referenced guide includes extensive tables, graphs, illustrations, and real-life case studies to clearly illustrate ideas and concepts. The Handbook of Niche Marketing explores niche marketing’s: concepts and theories principles empirical research customer satisfaction issues strategies applications different types of niche markets The Handbook of Niche Marketing is a comprehensive text invaluable for marketing students, instructors, and anyone wanting to maximize their marketing abilities in niche markets.
