The Structure, Dynamics and Function of Neural Micro-Circuits for Perception and Behavior PDF Download
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Author: Yoshiyuki Kubota
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832501524
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Author: Yoshiyuki Kubota
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832501524
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Author: Ioan Opris
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319296744
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 782
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Book Description
This book covers recent advances in the understanding of brain structure, function and disorders based on the fundamental principles of physics. It covers a broad range of physical phenomena occurring in the brain circuits for perception, cognition, emotion and action, representing the building blocks of the mind. It provides novel insights into the devastating brain disorders of the mind such as schizophrenia, dementia, autism, aging or addictions, as well as into the new devices for brain repair. The book is aimed at basic researchers in the fields of neuroscience, physics, biophysics and clinicians in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, psychology, psychiatry.
Author: Gordon M Shepherd
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190636122
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 625
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Book Description
Updated and revised, the second edition of Handbook of Brain Microcircuits covers the functional organization of 50 brain regions. This now-classic text uses an interdisciplinary approach to examine the integration of structure, function, electrophysiology, pharmacology, brain imaging, and behavior. Through uniquely concise and authoritative chapters by leaders in their fields, the Handbook of Brain Microcircuits synthesizes many of the new principles of microcircuit organization that are defining a new era in understanding the brain connectome, integrating the major neuronal pathways and essential microcircuits with brain function. New to the Second Edition: · Insights into new regions of the brain through canonical microcircuit diagrams for each region · Latest methodology in optogenetics, neurotransmitter uncaging, computational models of neurons and microcircuits, serial ultrastructure reconstructions, cellular and regional imaging · Extrapolated data from new genetic tools and understandings applied to microcircuits in the mouse and Drosophila · Common principles across vertebrate and invertebrate microcircuit systems, one of the key goals of modern neuroscience
Author: Chris G. Antonopoulos
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889664724
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
Author: Richard B. Watson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321610208
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Brains must perform essential tasks of information manipulation, storage and integration. Neural circuits are believed to carry out these tasks, in part, by virtue of their connectivity: anatomical configurations that pattern action potentials in particular ways. Feedback inhibition circuits are a specific variety of neural connectivity known to be statistically overrepresented throughout the brain in a range of species. Yet analysis of the mechanisms by which useful function emerges from such structure is lacking. We analytically studied a simple model of delayed inhibitory feedback to elucidate this question. Here we describe new results linking structural parameters of the neural circuit to changes in its behavioral dynamics and ultimately in its correlative patterns of spiking. Such correlation in turn, is shown to provide the substrate for transient memory, useful to integrate information corresponding to input temporally and perform computation through time. Integrator neurons alone are incapable of introducing correlation in the sequence of inter- spike intervals (ISIs) they emit. However, in the system we investigate, inhibition causally impacts the neuron at a future time, opening the door to possible statistical dependency. Here, we examine analytically the dynamics underlying this dependency structure. We study the system first with the more tractable case of constant current (DC) input. For small input and short delays, the dynamics limit the ISI dependency to Markov order one. In these cases we are able to explore the behavior with a with a one-dimensional return map. However, if the feedback delay is long enough or the input is strong enough, Markov order increases and additional dimensions are necessary to explain more complex behavior. We examine the bounds of such behaviors in parameter space and inspect it more closely as a series of bifurcations induced by larger delays and increased input - each bifurcation revealing a regime of higher period trajectories capable of embedding more information. Building on this analytical understanding of the simpler case, we advance to studying stochastic input in the form of Poisson distributed excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs). Stochastic return plots, in direct analogy with the return maps of the constant input case, provide insight into first order correlations. However, larger delays and increased input once again expand the output sequence Markov order. The accessible state space and hence the informational storage capacity of the system grows. We use computational mechanics [Cru12] to further dissect the behavioral character of the feedback inhibition model circuit under stochastic input for arbitrary orders of dependence. We find that the underlying states of the system are arranged in layers, where outer layers are only visitable from states in one beneath. Each layer, made available by longer feedback delays or stronger input, introduces a boost in memory to the system. As memory increases, the circuit gains capacity to retain and integrate information about longer sequences of past input. This work demonstrates one minimal mechanism - potentially in operation throughout the brain in a broad range of species - by which information in spikes may be transiently stored and subsequently integrated within neural circuits. Such a mechanism of transient memory may prove to be an important, if not essential, means by which organisms compute with signals through time.
Author: György Buzsáki
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319288024
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
This book brings together leading investigators who represent various aspects of brain dynamics with the goal of presenting state-of-the-art current progress and address future developments. The individual chapters cover several fascinating facets of contemporary neuroscience from elementary computation of neurons, mesoscopic network oscillations, internally generated assembly sequences in the service of cognition, large-scale neuronal interactions within and across systems, the impact of sleep on cognition, memory, motor-sensory integration, spatial navigation, large-scale computation and consciousness. Each of these topics require appropriate levels of analyses with sufficiently high temporal and spatial resolution of neuronal activity in both local and global networks, supplemented by models and theories to explain how different levels of brain dynamics interact with each other and how the failure of such interactions results in neurologic and mental disease. While such complex questions cannot be answered exhaustively by a dozen or so chapters, this volume offers a nice synthesis of current thinking and work-in-progress on micro-, meso- and macro- dynamics of the brain.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1216
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Book Description
Author: Nicholas T. Carnevale
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139447831
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 399
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Book Description
The authoritative reference on NEURON, the simulation environment for modeling biological neurons and neural networks that enjoys wide use in the experimental and computational neuroscience communities. This book shows how to use NEURON to construct and apply empirically based models. Written primarily for neuroscience investigators, teachers, and students, it assumes no previous knowledge of computer programming or numerical methods. Readers with a background in the physical sciences or mathematics, who have some knowledge about brain cells and circuits and are interested in computational modeling, will also find it helpful. The NEURON Book covers material that ranges from the inner workings of this program, to practical considerations involved in specifying the anatomical and biophysical properties that are to be represented in models. It uses a problem-solving approach, with many working examples that readers can try for themselves.
Author: Zhiyong Shao
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832506399
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
Author: Gonzalo G. De Polavieja
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889193284
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Understanding how the brain functions is one of the most ambitious current scientific goals. This challenge will only be accomplish by a multidisciplinary approach involving genetics, molecular biology, optics, ethology, neurobiology and mathematics and using tractable model systems. The zebrafish larva is a transparent genetically tractable small vertebrate, ideal for the combination state-of-the- art imaging techniques (e.g. two-photon scanning microscopy, single-plane illumination microscopy, spatial light modulator microscopy and lightfield microscopy), bioluminiscence and optogenetics to monitor and manipulate neuronal activity from single specific neurons up to the entire brain, in an intact behaving organism. Furthermore, the zebrafish model offers large and increasing collection of mutant and transgenic lines modelling human brain diseases. With these advantages in hand, the zebrafish larva became in the recent years, a novel animal model to study neuronal circuits and behaviour, taking us closer than ever before to understand how the brain controls behaviour.
