The Sociocultural Environment, Maternal Employment Status and Korean Children's Awareness of Sex-trait Stereotypes PDF Download
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Author: Jae Yeon Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex role
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
The awareness of sex-trait stereotypes among 120, eight-year-old children from intact families in both rural and urban areas in Korea were investigated. The rural sample included 20 boys and 20 girls attending the Damyang-Dong Primary School in Damyang-Eup, Korea. These subjects came primarily from farm families of the upper-lower and lower-middle classes. The urban sample included 40 boys and 40 girls attending the Bokwang Primary School in a residential area of Seoul, the capital city of Korea. These subjects came from families of the lower-middle and upper-middle classes. Twenty boys and 20 girls in the urban sample had mothers who were employed on a full-time basis outside of the home for one year or more. The remaining 20 boys and 20 girls had mothers who were not employed. The Sex Stereotype Measure II (SSM II) was translated into Korean and used to assess subjects' awareness of sex-trait stereotypes. Results revealed that eight-year-old Korean children were aware of the sex-trait stereotypes found in the SSM II. Their scores were comparable to the mean sex - trait stereotype scores of similar aged children in the United States, England, and Ireland. In addition, urban children were significantly more aware of the sex-trait stereotypes than rural children. No significant difference was found between the awareness of sex-trait stereotypes among children whose mothers were employed and those whose mothers were not employed. Children were significantly more aware of the male- than the female-trait stereotypes. Furthermore, while boys were significantly more aware of the male- than female-trait stereotypes, there was no significant difference between girls' awareness of these sex-trait stereotypes. Findings were discussed on the basis of previous theory and research.
Author: Jae Yeon Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex role
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
The awareness of sex-trait stereotypes among 120, eight-year-old children from intact families in both rural and urban areas in Korea were investigated. The rural sample included 20 boys and 20 girls attending the Damyang-Dong Primary School in Damyang-Eup, Korea. These subjects came primarily from farm families of the upper-lower and lower-middle classes. The urban sample included 40 boys and 40 girls attending the Bokwang Primary School in a residential area of Seoul, the capital city of Korea. These subjects came from families of the lower-middle and upper-middle classes. Twenty boys and 20 girls in the urban sample had mothers who were employed on a full-time basis outside of the home for one year or more. The remaining 20 boys and 20 girls had mothers who were not employed. The Sex Stereotype Measure II (SSM II) was translated into Korean and used to assess subjects' awareness of sex-trait stereotypes. Results revealed that eight-year-old Korean children were aware of the sex-trait stereotypes found in the SSM II. Their scores were comparable to the mean sex - trait stereotype scores of similar aged children in the United States, England, and Ireland. In addition, urban children were significantly more aware of the sex-trait stereotypes than rural children. No significant difference was found between the awareness of sex-trait stereotypes among children whose mothers were employed and those whose mothers were not employed. Children were significantly more aware of the male- than the female-trait stereotypes. Furthermore, while boys were significantly more aware of the male- than female-trait stereotypes, there was no significant difference between girls' awareness of these sex-trait stereotypes. Findings were discussed on the basis of previous theory and research.
Author: Jae Yeon Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex role
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
A Korean Sex Stereotype Measure (KSSM) was developed to assess the awareness of sex-trait stereotypes among Korean children. The KSSM contains 32 descriptions of psychological characteristics, 16 of which represent the male-trait stereotypes, and 16 of which represent the female-trait stereotypes. In a test situation, subjects were asked to associate the sex-trait stereotypes with either a male, female or "both" a male and a female silhouette figure drawing. Reliability assessments, including internal consistency and stability estimates, indicated the KSSM to be a highly reliable instrument, particularly among third- and sixth-grade Korean children. The KSSM was applied to 130 first-, third-, and sixth-grade Korean boys and girls, using four different scoring procedures. These scoring procedures represented different concepts of sex roles identified as (1) sex-trait awareness-cultural, (2) sex-trait stereotyping-association, (3) sex-trait awareness-egalitarian, and (4) sex-trait awareness-confirmation. The following general results were obtained when considering all scoring procedures together. Korean children's awareness of the sex-trait stereotypes increased with age from the first- to the sixth-grades. In addition, these children were more aware, and sex-typed more male- than female-traits. Furthermore, while boys were more aware, and sex-typed more male- than female-traits, there were no differences between girls' awareness and sex-typing of male- and female-traits. Finally, sixth-grade children appeared to sex-type more opposite sex-traits as appropriate for "both" males and females than their own sex-traits. Findings were interpreted on the basis of previous theory and research. Discussion also occurred regarding the advantages and disadvantages of using the different scoring procedures in assessing children's awareness of the sex-trait stereotypes. Emphasis was placed on the importance of understanding the concept of sex role being assessed when using these different scoring procedures. Although certain findings were obtained which cut across different scoring procedures, other results obtained appeared to be characteristic of a particular scoring procedure. Therefore, future studies might wish to further clarify the conceptual differences between these scoring procedures in assessing children's awareness of the sex-trait stereotypes.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Home economics
Languages : en
Pages : 612
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Author: Oregon State University
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Author: Leo P. Chall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Online databases
Languages : en
Pages : 714
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Book Description
CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 974
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309324882
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Author: Marc H. Bornstein
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9781119276463
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
How do girls and boys in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in the majority world vary with respect to central indicators of child growth and mortality, parental caregiving, discipline and violence, and child labor? How do key indicators of national gender equity and economic development relate to gender similarities and differences in each of these substantive areas of child development? This monograph of the SRCD is concerned with central topics of child gender, gendered parenting, gendered environments, and gendered behaviors and socializing practices in the underresearched and underserved world of LMIC. To examine protective and risk factors related to child gender in LMIC around the world, we used data from more than 2 million individuals in 400,000 families in 41 LMIC collected in the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, a household survey that includes nationally representative samples of participating countries. In the fi rst chapter of this monograph, we describe the conceptual "gender similarities" and "bioecological" frameworks that helped guide the monograph. In the second chapter, we detail the general methodology adhered to in the substantive chapters. Then, in topical chapters, we describe the situations of girls and boys with successive foci on child growth and mortality, parental caregiving, family discipline and violence, and child labor. We conclude with a general discussion of fi ndings from the substantive chapters in the context of gender and bioecological theories. Across 41 LMIC and four substantive areas of child development, few major gender differences emerged. Our data support a gender similarities view and suggest that general emphases on early child gender differences may be overstated at least for the developing world of LMIC.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Author: Nancy Felipe Russo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
