Author: Ian Tuhovsky
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781984146410
Category : Interpersonal communication
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
From first dates and successful relationships to friends, colleagues, and new acquaintances, unlock the hidden secrets to successful communication with anyone and learn to flourish in any environment. **MY GIFT TO YOU INSIDE: Link to download my 120-page e-book "Mindfulness Based Stress and Anxiety Management Tools" for free ** Guaranteed to change the way you think about relationships forever, The Science of Interpersonal Relations empowers you to identify those communication skills you need to work on and develop powerful techniques that will ensure your interpersonal relations thrive. Your Complete Guide to Transforming Your Relationships The Science of Interpersonal Relations is a book unlike any you've read before, not only in its approach to improving romantic relationships, but also on how to strengthen bonds and communicate better friends, family members, and even colleagues. To really help you change your entire approach to communication, the book is split into two easy-to-read parts. In part one, you'll change the way you think about the different relationships in your life and develop a whole new mindset that will lead you to healthy, positive, long-lasting relationships. You'll discover: The real reason why so many relationships break down, and how to prevent yours from doing the same How to identify when you're being emotionally abused, and how to make it stop for good. Powerful solutions for dealing with negative people and protecting yourself against emotional vampires The secrets to successful assertiveness and the right way to say 'no' to anyone The links between personality styles and communication, and how to get the best out of any conversation with anyone. In part two, you'll learn the tools and techniques you can put into action RIGHT NOW to start transforming your interpersonal relations for the better, including: Proven strategies for setting boundaries without hurting the other person The simple way for to help you meet your partner's real needs Effective techniques for identifying your partner's need for validation and providing it and much more. Discover the Real Reason You Don't Have the Relationship You Want - And What to Do About It Single and struggling to find that 'perfect' someone? In a relationship that you suspect might be in serious trouble? Dating someone you're convinced is 'The One' but not sure how to take that relationship to the next level? Then this is the one book you can't live without. Whatever situation you're in, single, dating, or struggling to keep that long-term relationship alive, you'll find simple-yet-effective instructions on how to create positive connections with the people in your life, including: How to determine what you really want in a relationship - and the red flags to watch out for that tell you someone really isn't right for you. How to turn heated arguments into positive experiences that help you and your loved one become closer and happier as a couple. How to identify if you're in a codependent relationship - and what to do about it. How to have "The Talk" about the state of your relationship and approach the subject of turning casual dating into something more serious. GET THIS BOOK NOW CLICK ON THE BUY BUTTON ABOVE to start making life-changing improvements to your relationships today.
The Science of Interpersonal Relations
Author: Ian Tuhovsky
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781984146410
Category : Interpersonal communication
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
From first dates and successful relationships to friends, colleagues, and new acquaintances, unlock the hidden secrets to successful communication with anyone and learn to flourish in any environment. **MY GIFT TO YOU INSIDE: Link to download my 120-page e-book "Mindfulness Based Stress and Anxiety Management Tools" for free ** Guaranteed to change the way you think about relationships forever, The Science of Interpersonal Relations empowers you to identify those communication skills you need to work on and develop powerful techniques that will ensure your interpersonal relations thrive. Your Complete Guide to Transforming Your Relationships The Science of Interpersonal Relations is a book unlike any you've read before, not only in its approach to improving romantic relationships, but also on how to strengthen bonds and communicate better friends, family members, and even colleagues. To really help you change your entire approach to communication, the book is split into two easy-to-read parts. In part one, you'll change the way you think about the different relationships in your life and develop a whole new mindset that will lead you to healthy, positive, long-lasting relationships. You'll discover: The real reason why so many relationships break down, and how to prevent yours from doing the same How to identify when you're being emotionally abused, and how to make it stop for good. Powerful solutions for dealing with negative people and protecting yourself against emotional vampires The secrets to successful assertiveness and the right way to say 'no' to anyone The links between personality styles and communication, and how to get the best out of any conversation with anyone. In part two, you'll learn the tools and techniques you can put into action RIGHT NOW to start transforming your interpersonal relations for the better, including: Proven strategies for setting boundaries without hurting the other person The simple way for to help you meet your partner's real needs Effective techniques for identifying your partner's need for validation and providing it and much more. Discover the Real Reason You Don't Have the Relationship You Want - And What to Do About It Single and struggling to find that 'perfect' someone? In a relationship that you suspect might be in serious trouble? Dating someone you're convinced is 'The One' but not sure how to take that relationship to the next level? Then this is the one book you can't live without. Whatever situation you're in, single, dating, or struggling to keep that long-term relationship alive, you'll find simple-yet-effective instructions on how to create positive connections with the people in your life, including: How to determine what you really want in a relationship - and the red flags to watch out for that tell you someone really isn't right for you. How to turn heated arguments into positive experiences that help you and your loved one become closer and happier as a couple. How to identify if you're in a codependent relationship - and what to do about it. How to have "The Talk" about the state of your relationship and approach the subject of turning casual dating into something more serious. GET THIS BOOK NOW CLICK ON THE BUY BUTTON ABOVE to start making life-changing improvements to your relationships today.
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781984146410
Category : Interpersonal communication
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
From first dates and successful relationships to friends, colleagues, and new acquaintances, unlock the hidden secrets to successful communication with anyone and learn to flourish in any environment. **MY GIFT TO YOU INSIDE: Link to download my 120-page e-book "Mindfulness Based Stress and Anxiety Management Tools" for free ** Guaranteed to change the way you think about relationships forever, The Science of Interpersonal Relations empowers you to identify those communication skills you need to work on and develop powerful techniques that will ensure your interpersonal relations thrive. Your Complete Guide to Transforming Your Relationships The Science of Interpersonal Relations is a book unlike any you've read before, not only in its approach to improving romantic relationships, but also on how to strengthen bonds and communicate better friends, family members, and even colleagues. To really help you change your entire approach to communication, the book is split into two easy-to-read parts. In part one, you'll change the way you think about the different relationships in your life and develop a whole new mindset that will lead you to healthy, positive, long-lasting relationships. You'll discover: The real reason why so many relationships break down, and how to prevent yours from doing the same How to identify when you're being emotionally abused, and how to make it stop for good. Powerful solutions for dealing with negative people and protecting yourself against emotional vampires The secrets to successful assertiveness and the right way to say 'no' to anyone The links between personality styles and communication, and how to get the best out of any conversation with anyone. In part two, you'll learn the tools and techniques you can put into action RIGHT NOW to start transforming your interpersonal relations for the better, including: Proven strategies for setting boundaries without hurting the other person The simple way for to help you meet your partner's real needs Effective techniques for identifying your partner's need for validation and providing it and much more. Discover the Real Reason You Don't Have the Relationship You Want - And What to Do About It Single and struggling to find that 'perfect' someone? In a relationship that you suspect might be in serious trouble? Dating someone you're convinced is 'The One' but not sure how to take that relationship to the next level? Then this is the one book you can't live without. Whatever situation you're in, single, dating, or struggling to keep that long-term relationship alive, you'll find simple-yet-effective instructions on how to create positive connections with the people in your life, including: How to determine what you really want in a relationship - and the red flags to watch out for that tell you someone really isn't right for you. How to turn heated arguments into positive experiences that help you and your loved one become closer and happier as a couple. How to identify if you're in a codependent relationship - and what to do about it. How to have "The Talk" about the state of your relationship and approach the subject of turning casual dating into something more serious. GET THIS BOOK NOW CLICK ON THE BUY BUTTON ABOVE to start making life-changing improvements to your relationships today.
Interpersonal Communication
Author: Charles R. Berger
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110276798
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 628
Book Description
Interpersonal communication has been studied in terms of both communication functions and specialized contexts. This handbook comprehensively covers the field including research on processes of social influence, the role of communication in the development, maintenance and decline of close personal relationships, nonverbal communication, cognitive approaches, communication and conflict, bargaining and negotiation, health communication, organizational socialization and supervisor-subordinate communication, social networks, and technologically-mediated interpersonal communication. Two chapters are dedicated to research methods in the field. The handbook includes chapters by widely recognized and respected scholars in the field.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110276798
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 628
Book Description
Interpersonal communication has been studied in terms of both communication functions and specialized contexts. This handbook comprehensively covers the field including research on processes of social influence, the role of communication in the development, maintenance and decline of close personal relationships, nonverbal communication, cognitive approaches, communication and conflict, bargaining and negotiation, health communication, organizational socialization and supervisor-subordinate communication, social networks, and technologically-mediated interpersonal communication. Two chapters are dedicated to research methods in the field. The handbook includes chapters by widely recognized and respected scholars in the field.
The Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships
Author: Ellen S. Berscheid
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317345029
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
This textbook provides an integrated and organized foundation for students seeking a brief but comprehensive introduction to the field of relationship science. It emphasizes the relationship field's intellectual themes, roots, and milestones; discusses its key constructs and their conceptualizations; describes its methodologies and classic studies; and, most important, presents the theories that have guided relationship scholars and produced the field's major research themes.
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317345029
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
This textbook provides an integrated and organized foundation for students seeking a brief but comprehensive introduction to the field of relationship science. It emphasizes the relationship field's intellectual themes, roots, and milestones; discusses its key constructs and their conceptualizations; describes its methodologies and classic studies; and, most important, presents the theories that have guided relationship scholars and produced the field's major research themes.
Interpersonal Communication
Author: Pamela J. Kalbfleisch
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135443106
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
Interpersonal relationships are the core of our societal system and have been since before the dawn of civilization. In today's world, friends, lovers, companions, and confidants make valuable contributions to our everyday lives. These are the relationships whose members are not automatically participants as a result of their birth and kin affiliations. The focus is on these relationships that must be forged from the sometimes indifferent, and sometimes hostile world. Yet, there is still much that is not known about how these relationships evolve, how partners communicate in on-going relationships, how people keep their relationships together, and how they cope when they fall apart. Primary to the focus of this book is the underlying theme of evolving interpersonal relationships from the initial encounter to the mature alliance. The contributors to this volume provide a contemporary perspective for the study of interpersonal relationships. Fresh areas of scholarly inquiry are presented and existing approaches are re-examined. Research in the introductory chapters breaks new ground, and appraises the ultimate question of what impact initial interactions have on further relational development. The mid-section of the volume concerns communication issues that confront the members of a relationship in process, focusing on how conflict and jealousy are communicated to a relational partner. This research considers relational development as well as obstacles and barriers to evolving relationships. The concluding chapters probe the question: Ultimately do all good things have to come to an end? Employing innovative techniques to examine maturing and disengaging relationships, the research presented here focuses on how interpersonal relationships become committed and mature.
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135443106
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
Interpersonal relationships are the core of our societal system and have been since before the dawn of civilization. In today's world, friends, lovers, companions, and confidants make valuable contributions to our everyday lives. These are the relationships whose members are not automatically participants as a result of their birth and kin affiliations. The focus is on these relationships that must be forged from the sometimes indifferent, and sometimes hostile world. Yet, there is still much that is not known about how these relationships evolve, how partners communicate in on-going relationships, how people keep their relationships together, and how they cope when they fall apart. Primary to the focus of this book is the underlying theme of evolving interpersonal relationships from the initial encounter to the mature alliance. The contributors to this volume provide a contemporary perspective for the study of interpersonal relationships. Fresh areas of scholarly inquiry are presented and existing approaches are re-examined. Research in the introductory chapters breaks new ground, and appraises the ultimate question of what impact initial interactions have on further relational development. The mid-section of the volume concerns communication issues that confront the members of a relationship in process, focusing on how conflict and jealousy are communicated to a relational partner. This research considers relational development as well as obstacles and barriers to evolving relationships. The concluding chapters probe the question: Ultimately do all good things have to come to an end? Employing innovative techniques to examine maturing and disengaging relationships, the research presented here focuses on how interpersonal relationships become committed and mature.
Researching Interpersonal Relationships
Author: Jimmie Manning
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483308901
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
Researching Interpersonal Relationships: Qualitative Methods, Studies, and Analysis, by Jimmie Manning and Adrianne Kunkel, explores and demonstrates methodological tools and theories used to guide relationships research, especially studies of interpersonal communication. Featuring chapters illustrated by research studies conducted by leading communication scholars, this book introduces both classic and cutting-edge methodological approaches to qualitative inquiry and analysis. Each chapter highlights a particular method, context, and analytical tool. Through the methodological and analytical overviews, illustrative research studies, and post-study interviews with the researchers, readers can better understand how qualitative research approaches can expand and solidify understandings of personal relationships.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483308901
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
Researching Interpersonal Relationships: Qualitative Methods, Studies, and Analysis, by Jimmie Manning and Adrianne Kunkel, explores and demonstrates methodological tools and theories used to guide relationships research, especially studies of interpersonal communication. Featuring chapters illustrated by research studies conducted by leading communication scholars, this book introduces both classic and cutting-edge methodological approaches to qualitative inquiry and analysis. Each chapter highlights a particular method, context, and analytical tool. Through the methodological and analytical overviews, illustrative research studies, and post-study interviews with the researchers, readers can better understand how qualitative research approaches can expand and solidify understandings of personal relationships.
The Science of Interpersonal Relations: A Practical Guide to Building Healthy Relationships, Improving Your Soft Skills and Learning Effective Communication
Author: Ian Tuhovsky
Publisher: Positive Coaching LLC
ISBN:
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
How Bad Do You Want To Make This Relationship Work? Build A Healthy Relationship & Develop Essential Interpersonal Communication & Couple Skills - Starting Today! If you are reading this, then you are probably looking for a way to improve communication skills, avoid the same mistakes, and make sure you have a deeper, stronger, and more meaningful relationship with your significant other. But Have You Ever Wondered, What Made Your Previous Relationships Fail? Ian Tuhovsky, the best-selling author of this eye-opening relationship building guide, has left no stone unturned when it comes to understanding human communication, developing interpersonal communications skills, and creating a relationship framework that actually works for you. Why Choose The Science Of Interpersonal Relations Over Other Relationship Books? Here Are The Key Reasons: Split into two easy-to-read parts, this game-changing self help and effective communication book will help you: Lay The Groundwork For Essential Communication In The First Part ✅ Identify Codependency ✅ Set & Define Boundaries ✅ Identify & Handle Verbal Abuse ✅ Deal With Negative People ✅ Identify & Handle Love Addiction Learn How To Communicate Effectively & Boost Your Interpersonal Skills In The Second Part ✔️ Understand Different Communication Styles - tested and proven relationship communication strategies that actually work. ✔️ Develop The Super-Power Of Saying "NO" To Anyone - once you will master it, your life will change forever. ✔️ Stop Having The Same Arguments - clinging on past issues can undermine your future. Here's how to avoid that. ✔️ Become A Conflict Resolution Master - turn heated arguments into opportunities for mutual growth. ✔️ Improve Your Relationship & Overcome Any Obstacles - avoid the same mistakes you have been making for years. ✔️MY GIFT TO YOU INSIDE: Link to download my 120-page e-book “Mindfulness Based Stress and Anxiety Management Tools” at no additional cost! By the end of this comprehensive relationship book, you will be able to understand why finding The One is a constant struggle, why your relationships tend to fall apart after a certain period, and how you can weather the storm in your marriage with proven strategies and effective communication techniques. What Are You Waiting For? Click "Buy Now" & Give Your Relationship, Marriage Or Friendship A Fresh Start!
Publisher: Positive Coaching LLC
ISBN:
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
How Bad Do You Want To Make This Relationship Work? Build A Healthy Relationship & Develop Essential Interpersonal Communication & Couple Skills - Starting Today! If you are reading this, then you are probably looking for a way to improve communication skills, avoid the same mistakes, and make sure you have a deeper, stronger, and more meaningful relationship with your significant other. But Have You Ever Wondered, What Made Your Previous Relationships Fail? Ian Tuhovsky, the best-selling author of this eye-opening relationship building guide, has left no stone unturned when it comes to understanding human communication, developing interpersonal communications skills, and creating a relationship framework that actually works for you. Why Choose The Science Of Interpersonal Relations Over Other Relationship Books? Here Are The Key Reasons: Split into two easy-to-read parts, this game-changing self help and effective communication book will help you: Lay The Groundwork For Essential Communication In The First Part ✅ Identify Codependency ✅ Set & Define Boundaries ✅ Identify & Handle Verbal Abuse ✅ Deal With Negative People ✅ Identify & Handle Love Addiction Learn How To Communicate Effectively & Boost Your Interpersonal Skills In The Second Part ✔️ Understand Different Communication Styles - tested and proven relationship communication strategies that actually work. ✔️ Develop The Super-Power Of Saying "NO" To Anyone - once you will master it, your life will change forever. ✔️ Stop Having The Same Arguments - clinging on past issues can undermine your future. Here's how to avoid that. ✔️ Become A Conflict Resolution Master - turn heated arguments into opportunities for mutual growth. ✔️ Improve Your Relationship & Overcome Any Obstacles - avoid the same mistakes you have been making for years. ✔️MY GIFT TO YOU INSIDE: Link to download my 120-page e-book “Mindfulness Based Stress and Anxiety Management Tools” at no additional cost! By the end of this comprehensive relationship book, you will be able to understand why finding The One is a constant struggle, why your relationships tend to fall apart after a certain period, and how you can weather the storm in your marriage with proven strategies and effective communication techniques. What Are You Waiting For? Click "Buy Now" & Give Your Relationship, Marriage Or Friendship A Fresh Start!
Interpersonal Relationships
Author: Elizabeth C. Arnold
Publisher: Saunders
ISBN: 9780323544801
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 576
Book Description
Publisher: Saunders
ISBN: 9780323544801
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 576
Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of the Physiology of Interpersonal Communication
Author: Lindsey Aloia
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190679441
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 373
Book Description
Communication scholars have long recognized the importance of understanding associations between our bodies and communication messages and processes. In the past decade, there has been an increased focus on the role of physiology in interpersonal interactions, resulting in a surge of research exploring topics related to communication in close relationships. This growing line of research explores topics such as affectionate communication, forgiveness, communication apprehension, and social support. Contributing to the increase in physiological research on communication processes is a greater recognition of the bi-directional nature of the associations between communication and the body. Researchers study both the physiological outcomes of communication episodes (e.g., stress responses to conflict conversations), as well as the effects of physiology on communication process (e.g., the influence of hormones on post-sex communication). The Oxford Handbook of the Physiology of Interpersonal Communication offers a comprehensive review of the most prolific areas of research investigating both the physiological outcomes of interpersonal communication and the effects of physiology on interpersonal interactions. This volume brings together thirty-three leading scholars in the field and draws on research from communication studies, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience. Based on quantitative research methods, the Handbook serves as a resource for both researchers and students interested in investigating the mutual influence of physiology and communication in close relationships.
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190679441
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 373
Book Description
Communication scholars have long recognized the importance of understanding associations between our bodies and communication messages and processes. In the past decade, there has been an increased focus on the role of physiology in interpersonal interactions, resulting in a surge of research exploring topics related to communication in close relationships. This growing line of research explores topics such as affectionate communication, forgiveness, communication apprehension, and social support. Contributing to the increase in physiological research on communication processes is a greater recognition of the bi-directional nature of the associations between communication and the body. Researchers study both the physiological outcomes of communication episodes (e.g., stress responses to conflict conversations), as well as the effects of physiology on communication process (e.g., the influence of hormones on post-sex communication). The Oxford Handbook of the Physiology of Interpersonal Communication offers a comprehensive review of the most prolific areas of research investigating both the physiological outcomes of interpersonal communication and the effects of physiology on interpersonal interactions. This volume brings together thirty-three leading scholars in the field and draws on research from communication studies, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience. Based on quantitative research methods, the Handbook serves as a resource for both researchers and students interested in investigating the mutual influence of physiology and communication in close relationships.
Interpersonal Relationships in Education: From Theory to Practice
Author: David Zandvliet
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9462097011
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
This book brings together recent research on interpersonal relationships in education from a variety of perspectives including research from Europe, North America and Australia. The work clearly demonstrates that positive teacher-student relationships can contribute to student learning in classrooms of various types. Productive learning environments are characterized by supportive and warm interactions throughout the class: teacher-student and student-student. Similarly, at the school level, teacher learning thrives when there are positive and mentoring interrelationships among professional colleagues. Work on this book began with a series of formative presentations at the second International Conference on Interpersonal Relationships in Education (ICIRE 2012) held in Vancouver, Canada, an event that included among others, keynote addresses by David Berliner, Andrew Martin and Mieke Brekelmans. Further collaboration and peer review by the editorial team resulted in the collection of original research that this book comprises. The volume (while eclectic) demonstrates how constructive learning environment relationships can be developed and sustained in a variety of settings. Chapter contributions come from a range of fields including educational and social psychology, teacher and school effectiveness research, communication and language studies, and a variety of related fields. Together, they cover the important influence of the relationships of teachers with individual students, relationships among peers, and the relationships between teachers and their professional colleagues.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9462097011
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
This book brings together recent research on interpersonal relationships in education from a variety of perspectives including research from Europe, North America and Australia. The work clearly demonstrates that positive teacher-student relationships can contribute to student learning in classrooms of various types. Productive learning environments are characterized by supportive and warm interactions throughout the class: teacher-student and student-student. Similarly, at the school level, teacher learning thrives when there are positive and mentoring interrelationships among professional colleagues. Work on this book began with a series of formative presentations at the second International Conference on Interpersonal Relationships in Education (ICIRE 2012) held in Vancouver, Canada, an event that included among others, keynote addresses by David Berliner, Andrew Martin and Mieke Brekelmans. Further collaboration and peer review by the editorial team resulted in the collection of original research that this book comprises. The volume (while eclectic) demonstrates how constructive learning environment relationships can be developed and sustained in a variety of settings. Chapter contributions come from a range of fields including educational and social psychology, teacher and school effectiveness research, communication and language studies, and a variety of related fields. Together, they cover the important influence of the relationships of teachers with individual students, relationships among peers, and the relationships between teachers and their professional colleagues.
Psychology of Interpersonal Perception and Relationships
Author: Andrea Rennolds
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634631310
Category : Interpersonal relations
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Romantic relationships play a crucial role in individuals' lives, for better and for worse. All romantic relationships encounter their share of challenges that can influence relationship satisfaction from one day to the next. This book provides topics on the psychology of relationships and interpersonal perception. Some of the topics included are the science of improving relationships; the effect of attractiveness and a good sense of humor in relationships; perceptions of reproductive potential and personality traits; and an evolutionary perspective on characteristics of physical attractiveness in humans.
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634631310
Category : Interpersonal relations
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Romantic relationships play a crucial role in individuals' lives, for better and for worse. All romantic relationships encounter their share of challenges that can influence relationship satisfaction from one day to the next. This book provides topics on the psychology of relationships and interpersonal perception. Some of the topics included are the science of improving relationships; the effect of attractiveness and a good sense of humor in relationships; perceptions of reproductive potential and personality traits; and an evolutionary perspective on characteristics of physical attractiveness in humans.