The Role of Sugar Cane in Brazil's History and Economy PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Role of Sugar Cane in Brazil's History and Economy PDF full book. Access full book title The Role of Sugar Cane in Brazil's History and Economy by Plinio Mario Nastari. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Plinio Mario Nastari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alcohol industry
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Plinio Mario Nastari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alcohol industry
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
Get Book Here
Book Description
The popular expression goes: "Brazil is the country of the future and always will be." Yet Southeast Brazil, consisting of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, is already the future. This raises the question why did the region industrialize first and faster than the rest of the country? This paper analyzes the role of factor endowments and institutions on economic development in Brazil since its colonial period. I provide evidence that the land and labor endowments in the Southeast region led to the development of coffee cultures, which initiated an economic cycle (1830-1930) that altered the region's institutional structure, and thus its economic potential in the long run. In contrast, the large tropical Northeast region, where sugar cane slave plantations dominated its extensive coastline and nearby interior, poor economic and political institutions established during the sugar cane cycle (1550-1760) severely limited growth prospects in the region. Differing initial endowment conditions, through the institutional channel, led the Southeast to industrialize in the first half of the twentieth century, while the Northeast stagnated. Today southeastern states perform significantly better than their northeastern counterparts, where income inequality remains high. In 2009, approximately forty percent of the northeastern population lived below the poverty line, whereas the Southeast numbers are close to one tenth. The legacy of the slave plantations left a negative and persistent impact in the Northeast, while the southeastern states industrialized and became wealthy within decades of the end of the coffee cycle. The sugar cane economy declined particularly because the status quo limited the development of new agricultural technologies, which made Brazilian sugar non-competitive in the world market when the Dutch began their own large scale production in the Dutch Antilles. Coffee, however, remained an important economic activity after 1930, even though increasing industrial output diminished coffee's share in Brazilian GDP. Coffee propelled the Southeast into the future. The coffee cycle was also crucial to the process of institutional change because private entrepreneurs were the drivers of growth for the first time in Brazilian economic history. The state became a secondary player in the economy. A competitive political structure forced the old system to redirect government revenues to the provision of public goods and away from rent-extracting activities. At the regional level, old time northeastern leadership remained powerful, but a less centralized federal government formalized by the 1891 Constitution gave more influence to southeastern politicians. The new constitution virtually removed the national status quo previously imposed by northeastern control. The country's president almost always came or had strong ties to southeastern leadership. The southeastern states promoted legal and economic institutions that protected property rights, limited the scope of government taxation and directed state revenues to infrastructure and capital-creating projects. Coffee barons and early industrialists competed for political power, which resulted in the institutional structure that allowed the Southeast to outperform the rest of the country throughout the twentieth century. In this paper, I draw on the relationship between initial factor endowments and institutions, proposed by Stanley Engerman and Kenneth Sokoloff (1994), and Douglass North's (1990) theory of path dependence to explain today's regional economic differences within Brazil. Using historical evidence and instrumental variable estimation, I find that southeastern initial endowments affected the region's economic development through the institutional channel, and that coffee states perform considerably better today than those affected by the sugar cane cycle.
Author: Felix Kaup
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319165836
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book offers an in-depth analysis of the Brazilian sugarcane complex with a special focus on technological advances that promote sustainable development. It first examines the question why sugarcane-based ethanol from Brazil is considered a superior alternative to fossil fuel compared to other biofuels produced on an industrial scale and subsequently analyzes the most dynamic areas within the sugarcane sector with regard to relevant actors, technologies and markets in order to determine if the sector can be considered an innovation system. The empirical research presented here is based on multiple research methods and derives its data from interviews with Brazilian experts of the sugarcane sector and by a thorough literature review. The book will be of special interest to researchers and practitioners interested in understanding the key mechanisms in successful innovation systems that promote a transition towards sustainable development and mobility.
Author: Márcia Azanha Ferraz Dias de Moraes
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319031406
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 225
Get Book Here
Book Description
The success of Brazil in the large-scale production and use of fuel ethanol has been widely discussed and analyzed by other countries interested in adopting policies designed to encourage the use of biofuels. Within this context, certain questions arise: Could the Brazilian experience be replicated in other countries? What were the conditions that enabled the creation of the Brazilian Proálcool (National Ethanol Program and what lessons can be learned? To examine these issues, it is important to understand the functioning of the key, interconnected markets (those for sugarcane, sugar and ethanol), which, from their inception, were the objects of extensive government intervention until 1999. Two main conditions enabled the creation of Proálcool: robust production of sugarcane and sugar (tightly regulated by the government, which applied the numerous regulations then in place); and the military regime that was in place at the time, whose decision-making and enforcement powers were quite broad, facilitating the carrying out of the necessary actions, as well as making it easier to coordinate the activities of the various stakeholders and sectors involved. This book increases understanding of the functioning of the sugarcane supply chain in Brazil, not only during the phase of government intervention but also in recent years (in the free-market environment). The lessons, positive and negative, gleaned from the Brazilian experience can contribute to reflection on and the development of alternative modalities of biofuel production in other countries, making the book of interest to scholars and policy-makers concerned with biofuel and renewable resources as well as economic development.
Author: Marcelo D'Salete
Publisher: Fantagraphics Books
ISBN: 1683961919
Category : Black people
Languages : en
Pages : 430
Get Book Here
Book Description
An independent kingdom of runaway slaves founded in the late 16th century, Angola Janga was a beacon of freedom in a land plagued with oppression. In stark black ink and chiaroscuro panel compositions, D’Salete brings history to life; the painful stories of fugitive slaves on the run, the brutal raids by Portuguese colonists, and the tense power struggles within this precarious kingdom. At turns heartbreaking and empowering, Angola Janga sheds light on a long-overlooked moment of resistance against oppression.
Author: Stuart B. Schwartz
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 0807895628
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Get Book Here
Book Description
The idea that sugar, plantations, slavery, and capitalism were all present at the birth of the Atlantic world has long dominated scholarly thinking. In nine original essays by a multinational group of top scholars, Tropical Babylons re-evaluates this so-called "sugar revolution." The most comprehensive comparative study to date of early Atlantic sugar economies, this collection presents a revisionist examination of the origins of society and economy in the Atlantic world. Focusing on areas colonized by Spain and Portugal (before the emergence of the Caribbean sugar colonies of England, France, and Holland), these essays show that despite reliance on common knowledge and technology, there were considerable variations in the way sugar was produced. With studies of Iberia, Madeira and the Canary Islands, Hispaniola, Cuba, Brazil, and Barbados, this volume demonstrates the similarities and differences between the plantation colonies, questions the very idea of a sugar revolution, and shows how the specific conditions in each colony influenced the way sugar was produced and the impact of that crop on the formation of "tropical Babylons--multiracial societies of great oppression. Contributors: Alejandro de la Fuente, University of Pittsburgh Herbert Klein, Columbia University John J. McCusker, Trinity University Russell R. Menard, University of Minnesota William D. Phillips Jr., University of Minnesota Genaro Rodriguez Morel, Seville, Spain Stuart B. Schwartz, Yale University Eddy Stols, Leuven University, Belgium Alberto Vieira, Centro de Estudos Atlanticos, Madeira
Author: Maria Backhouse
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030689441
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
Get Book Here
Book Description
This open access book focuses on the meanings, agendas, as well as the local and global implications of bioeconomy and bioenergy policies in and across South America, Asia and Europe. It explores how a transition away from a fossil and towards a bio-based economic order alters, reinforces and challenges socio-ecological inequalities. The volume presents a historically informed and empirically rich discussion of bioeconomy developments with a particular focus on bio-based energy. A series of conceptual discussions and case studies with a multidisciplinary background in the social sciences illuminate how the deployment of biomass sources from the agricultural and forestry sectors affect societal changes concerning knowledge production, land and labour relations, political participation and international trade. How can a global perspective on socio-ecological inequalities contribute to a complex and critical understanding of bioeconomy? Who participates in the negotiation of specific bioeconomy policies and who does not? Who determines the agenda? To what extent does the bioeconomy affect existing socio-ecological inequalities in rural areas? What are the implications of the bioeconomy for existing relations of extraction and inequalities across regions? The volume is an invitation to reflect upon these questions and more, at a time when the need for an ecological and socially just transition away from a carbon intensive economy is becoming increasingly pressing.
Author: Fernando Santos
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128142375
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 304
Get Book Here
Book Description
Sugarcane Biorefinery, Technology and Perspectives provides the reader with a current view of the global scenario of sugarcane biorefinery, launching a new expectation on this important crop from a chemical, energy and sustainability point-of-view. The book explores the existing biorefinery platforms that can be used to convert sugarcane to new high value added products. It also addresses one of today's most controversial issues involving energy cane, in addition to the dilemma "sugar cane vs. food vs. the environment", adding even more value in a culture that is already a symbol of case study around the world. Focusing on the chemical composition of sugarcane, and the production and processes that optimize it for either agricultural or energy use, the book is designed to provide practical insights for current application and inspire the further exploration of options for balancing food and fuel demands. Presents the productive chain of sugarcane and its implications on food production and the environment Includes discussions on the evolution of the sustainable development of the sugar-energy sector Contextualizes and premises for the technological road mapping of energy-cane Provides information on new technologies in the sugar-energy sector
Author: Herbert S. Klein
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108473091
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 473
Get Book Here
Book Description
Feeding the World documents the emergence of Brazil as an agricultural powerhouse during the second half of the twentieth century.
Author: Thomas D. Rogers
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807899585
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 321
Get Book Here
Book Description
In The Deepest Wounds, Thomas D. Rogers traces social and environmental changes over four centuries in Pernambuco, Brazil's key northeastern sugar-growing state. Focusing particularly on the period from the end of slavery in 1888 to the late twentieth century, when human impact on the environment reached critical new levels, Rogers confronts the day-to-day world of farming--the complex, fraught, and occasionally poetic business of making sugarcane grow. Renowned Brazilian sociologist Gilberto Freyre, whose home state was Pernambuco, observed, "Monoculture, slavery, and latifundia--but principally monoculture--they opened here, in the life, the landscape, and the character of our people, the deepest wounds." Inspired by Freyre's insight, Rogers tells the story of Pernambuco's wounds, describing the connections among changing agricultural technologies, landscapes and human perceptions of them, labor practices, and agricultural and economic policy. This web of interrelated factors, Rogers argues, both shaped economic progress and left extensive environmental and human damage. Combining a study of workers with analysis of their landscape, Rogers offers new interpretations of crucial moments of labor struggle, casts new light on the role of the state in agricultural change, and illuminates a legacy that influences Brazil's development even today.
