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Author: Alireza Naimi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In today & rsquo;s congested transportation networks, disruptions like crashes may cause unexpected and significant delays. All transportation networks are vulnerable to disruptions, to some extent, with temporary or permanent effects. Vulnerability is more important in urban transportation networks, due to heavy use and road segments that are close to each other. Small disturbances on an urban transportation network segment can have a huge impact on its accessibility. Intelligent adversaries may take advantage of these vulnerable parts of the network and disrupt transportation operations, increasing the overall transportation cost for the users. Often, the decision about improving the networks in transportation planning and management is made without adequately considering the possible vulnerabilities. By considering the factor of vulnerability in their decision, planners could prevent or limit the impact of severe unforeseen disruptions. This dissertation proposes two models for designing robust networks against intelligent attackers. In both models, three stakeholders are considered: i) the network manager/designer, ii) the adversary (intelligent attacker), and iii) the network users. The frameworks of both models and some other possible models are presented in this dissertation. The first framework is a bi-objective designer model. The designer in this model has two objectives at the top level: to reduce the total system cost and to reduce the vulnerability of the network. The Sioux Falls network consists of 24 nodes and 76 links was chosen for to evaluate this framework. The decision of the designer and attacker was improving or destroying the links. Metaheuristic algorithm was used to solve the designer and attacker problems. For the user equilibrium problem, the Frank-Wolfe algorithm was implemented. The objective of the designer of the network in the first model, consist of two goals. The two goals may conflict on the amount of amount of limited available budget to be invested on the desired project/links. Therefore, a trade off solutions between these two objectives may forms. The results proved that the proposed multi-level model is able to find the Pareto front solutions for the two objectives of the designer. The second framework is a three-level zero-sum game model. In this framework, the payoffs from the designer are assumed to have the same value to the adversary entity. Therefore, the goal of this framework is to minimize the maximum gain that the adversary can achieve. An example network with 6 nodes and 16 links was used to examine this framework. The results showed that the model could be a valuable tool to reduce the potential vulnerability of networks. Other indicators of system performance can be implemented in the upper-level of this framework, in order to examine different goals. Both frameworks were tested using a medium size network with applications to larger scale networks as a future research direction.
Author: Alireza Naimi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In today & rsquo;s congested transportation networks, disruptions like crashes may cause unexpected and significant delays. All transportation networks are vulnerable to disruptions, to some extent, with temporary or permanent effects. Vulnerability is more important in urban transportation networks, due to heavy use and road segments that are close to each other. Small disturbances on an urban transportation network segment can have a huge impact on its accessibility. Intelligent adversaries may take advantage of these vulnerable parts of the network and disrupt transportation operations, increasing the overall transportation cost for the users. Often, the decision about improving the networks in transportation planning and management is made without adequately considering the possible vulnerabilities. By considering the factor of vulnerability in their decision, planners could prevent or limit the impact of severe unforeseen disruptions. This dissertation proposes two models for designing robust networks against intelligent attackers. In both models, three stakeholders are considered: i) the network manager/designer, ii) the adversary (intelligent attacker), and iii) the network users. The frameworks of both models and some other possible models are presented in this dissertation. The first framework is a bi-objective designer model. The designer in this model has two objectives at the top level: to reduce the total system cost and to reduce the vulnerability of the network. The Sioux Falls network consists of 24 nodes and 76 links was chosen for to evaluate this framework. The decision of the designer and attacker was improving or destroying the links. Metaheuristic algorithm was used to solve the designer and attacker problems. For the user equilibrium problem, the Frank-Wolfe algorithm was implemented. The objective of the designer of the network in the first model, consist of two goals. The two goals may conflict on the amount of amount of limited available budget to be invested on the desired project/links. Therefore, a trade off solutions between these two objectives may forms. The results proved that the proposed multi-level model is able to find the Pareto front solutions for the two objectives of the designer. The second framework is a three-level zero-sum game model. In this framework, the payoffs from the designer are assumed to have the same value to the adversary entity. Therefore, the goal of this framework is to minimize the maximum gain that the adversary can achieve. An example network with 6 nodes and 16 links was used to examine this framework. The results showed that the model could be a valuable tool to reduce the potential vulnerability of networks. Other indicators of system performance can be implemented in the upper-level of this framework, in order to examine different goals. Both frameworks were tested using a medium size network with applications to larger scale networks as a future research direction.
Author: Narges Shahraki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sustainability
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Teodor Gabriel Crainic
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030640170
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 669
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Book Description
This book explores the methodological and application developments of network design in transportation and logistics. It identifies trends, challenges and research perspectives in network design for these areas. Network design is a major class of problems in operations research where network flow, combinatorial and mixed integer optimization meet. The analysis and planning of transportation and logistics systems continues to be one of the most important application areas of operations research. Networks provide the natural way of depicting such systems, so the optimal design and operation of networks is the main methodological area of operations research that is used for the analysis and planning of these systems. This book defines the current state of the art in the general area of network design, and then turns to its applications to transportation and logistics. New research challenges are addressed. Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics is divided into three parts. Part I examines basic design problems including fixed-cost network design and parallel algorithms. After addressing the basics, Part II focuses on more advanced models. Chapters cover topics such as multi-facility network design, flow-constrained network design, and robust network design. Finally Part III is dedicated entirely to the potential application areas for network design. These areas range from rail networks, to city logistics, to energy transport. All of the chapters are written by leading researchers in the field, which should appeal to analysts and planners.
Author: Yosef Sheffi
Publisher: Prentice Hall
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Author: Elżbieta Macioszek
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030717089
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
This book presents many valuable research methods useful in conducting research in modern urban transportation systems and networks. The knowledge base in practical examples, as well as the decision support methods described in this book, is of interest to people who face the challenge of searching for solutions to the problems of contemporary transport networks and systems on a daily basis. The book is therefore addressed to local authorities related to the planning and development of strategies for selected areas with regard to transport (both in the urban and regional dimensions) and to representatives of business and industry, as people directly involved in the implementation of urban transportation systems and networks solutions. The methods contained in individual chapters of the book allow to look at a given problem in an advanced way and facilitate the selection of the appropriate strategy (e.g., in relation to the air quality in considering the impact of the atmospheric emission from the urban road traffic, the role of incentive programs in promoting the purchase of electric cars, life-cycle costing decision-making methodology and urban intersection design, but also in assessing the impact of the socio-financial conditions on the bike-sharing system operation and its implementation in medium-sized cities, etc.). In turn, due to the new approach to theoretical models (including comparison methods of driving errors in a single-lane and multi-lane roundabouts, methods of parking measurements, methods of ensuring the technical readiness of transport companies fleet due to the region's capabilities as well as speed-related surrogate measures of road safety based on floating car data), the book is also of interest to scientists and researchers carrying out research in this area.
Author: Alireza Naimi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783668695283
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2016 in the subject Computer Science - General, grade: 4, The University of Memphis, language: English, abstract: In today's congested transportation networks, disturbances like crashes may cause unexpected and significant delays. All transportation networks are vulnerable to disruptions, to some extent, with temporary or permanent effects. Vulnerability is more important in urban transportation networks, due to heavy use and road segments that are close to each other. Small disturbances on an urban transportation network segment can have a huge impact on its accessibility. Intelligent adversaries may take advantage of these vulnerable parts of the network in order to disrupt the transportation operations, and increase the overall transportation cost for the users. Often, the decision of improving the networks in transportation planning and management tasks are made without adequately taking into account the possible vulnerabilities. By considering the factor of vulnerability in their decision, planners could prevent severe unforeseen disruptions in the future. Robustness is defined as the extent to which, a network under disturbances is able to maintain its function for which it was initially designed. This study proposes an innovative model for designing robust networks against intelligent attackers. In the model, three decision makers are considered: the network manager/designer, the adversary (intelligent attacker) and the users of the network.
Author: Yun Lu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
We address the problem of designing a transportation network in the presence of demand uncertainty, multiple origin-destination pairs and a budget constraint for the overall construction cost, under the behavioral assumption that travelers optimize their own travel costs (i.e., the "user-equilibrium" condition). Under deterministic demand, we propose an exact integer optimization approach that leads to a quadratic objective, linear constraints optimization problem. As a result, the problem is efficiently solvable via commercial software, when the costs are linear functions of traffic flows. We then use an iterative algorithm to address the case of nonlinear cost functions. While the problem is intractable under probabilistic assumptions on demand uncertainty, we extend the previous model and propose an iterative algorithm using a robust optimization approach that models demand uncertainty. We finally report extensive numerical results to illustrate that our approach leads to tractable solutions for large scale networks.
Author: Bin Ran
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662007738
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems are providing a welcome stimulus to research on dynamic urban transportation network models. This book presents a new generation of models for solving dynamic travel choice problems including traveler's destination choice, mode choice, departure/arrival time choice and route choice. These models are expected to function as off-line travel forecasting and evaluation tools, and eventually as on-line prediction and control models in advanced traveler information and traffic management systems. In addition to a rich set of new formulations and solution algorithms, the book provides a summary of the necessary mathematical background and concludes with a discussion of the requirements for model implementation.
Author: David Levinson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461409470
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
This book contains selected peer-reviewed papers that were presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR) Conference held at the University of Minnesota July 22-23, 2010. International scholars, from a variety of disciplines--engineering, economics, geography, planning and transportation—offer varying perspectives on modeling and analysis of the reliability of transportation networks in order to illustrate both vulnerability to day-to-day and unpredictability variability and risk in travel, and demonstrates strategies for addressing those issues. The scope of the chapters includes all aspects of analysis and design to improve network reliability, specifically user perception of unreliability of public transport, public policy and reliability of travel times, the valuation and economics of reliability, network reliability modeling and estimation, travel behavior and vehicle routing under uncertainty, and risk evaluation and management for transportation networks. The book combines new methodologies and state of the art practice to model and address questions of network unreliability, making it of interest to both academics in transportation and engineering as well as policy-makers and practitioners.
Author: Teodor Gabriel Crainic
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030640183
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Book Description
This book explores the methodological and application developments of network design in transportation and logistics. It identifies trends, challenges and research perspectives in network design for these areas. Network design is a major class of problems in operations research where network flow, combinatorial and mixed integer optimization meet. The analysis and planning of transportation and logistics systems continues to be one of the most important application areas of operations research. Networks provide the natural way of depicting such systems, so the optimal design and operation of networks is the main methodological area of operations research that is used for the analysis and planning of these systems. This book defines the current state of the art in the general area of network design, and then turns to its applications to transportation and logistics. New research challenges are addressed. Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics is divided into three parts. Part I examines basic design problems including fixed-cost network design and parallel algorithms. After addressing the basics, Part II focuses on more advanced models. Chapters cover topics such as multi-facility network design, flow-constrained network design, and robust network design. Finally Part III is dedicated entirely to the potential application areas for network design. These areas range from rail networks, to city logistics, to energy transport. All of the chapters are written by leading researchers in the field, which should appeal to analysts and planners.
