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Author: Mr.Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451972407
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
This paper presents a broad overview of trade protection in industrial countries from the 1970s to the present. The emphasis of such measures has shifted from the protection of agriculture and basic manufacturing industries, where many industrial countries had lost (or never had) comparative advantage in the 1970s and 1980s, toward the protection and promotion of high-technology sectors in recent years. The new forms of protection--particularly subsidies and antidumping rules--have not necessarily contravened GATT rules, arid the Uruguay Round fell short of reigning in such interventions. While these more recent trade interventions might in principle have an economic justification under certain conditions, theoretical, empirical, and practical considerations call for great skepticism about the desirability and efficacy of such policies. The next challenge for world trade negotiators is to contain the pressures for intervention in these areas. This is a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment and the author(s) would welcome any comments on the present text. Citations should refer to a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment of the International Monetary Fund, mentioning the author(s) and the date of issuance. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Fund.
Author: Mr.Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451972407
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
This paper presents a broad overview of trade protection in industrial countries from the 1970s to the present. The emphasis of such measures has shifted from the protection of agriculture and basic manufacturing industries, where many industrial countries had lost (or never had) comparative advantage in the 1970s and 1980s, toward the protection and promotion of high-technology sectors in recent years. The new forms of protection--particularly subsidies and antidumping rules--have not necessarily contravened GATT rules, arid the Uruguay Round fell short of reigning in such interventions. While these more recent trade interventions might in principle have an economic justification under certain conditions, theoretical, empirical, and practical considerations call for great skepticism about the desirability and efficacy of such policies. The next challenge for world trade negotiators is to contain the pressures for intervention in these areas. This is a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment and the author(s) would welcome any comments on the present text. Citations should refer to a Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment of the International Monetary Fund, mentioning the author(s) and the date of issuance. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Fund.
Author: Sima Lieberman
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
In this volume, the author presents the hypothesis that during the 19th and 20th centuries, political and industrial leaders of Western industrialized economics supported free-trade policies only as long as their production and sales were not threatened by significant foreign competition. When their economic hegemony was challenged, the same nations enacted protectionist measures. By integrating the historic and political factors that affected Western commercial policy in the course of two centuries, the author gives a broad perspective to the study of international trade in the 19th and 20th centuries and demonstrates the relevance of noneconomic variables in the economic history of this period.
Author: Enrico Sassoond
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349110647
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
The book reviews protectionist practices in the United States, the European Community and Japan. It assesses their causes and effects. In coverage, depth of analysis and vantage point this is a unique study of the new protectionist trends that began in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s. Multilateralism in trade relations is now seriously threatened by the deviant behaviour of the industrial nations, the would-be pillars of the world trading system set up after World War II. The new protectionism exerts strong pressures on the weaker components of the trading system: the developing nations. Born as an intra developed countries' affair, the new protectionism has in fact shifted its focus on developing countries, threatening the newly found outward orientation of many and making more difficult for all to retain the benefits of export trade.
Author: Glenn Randall Fong
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351395785
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
In an international political economy characterised both by constancy and change, this study, first published in 1996, links together one seemingly incongruous continuity in international trade relations with an increasingly dramatic development in the economies of industrial countries. On the one hand, industrialised countries have become progressively dependent upon one another. On the other hand, the liberal international trade regime has yet to falter. These two points are tied together by seeking to explain the maintenance of liberal trade relations in terms of the mutual economic dependence of industrial countries. In particular, the study examines what may be a fundamental constraint on trade protectionism today: the reliance of industrialised countries on external trade relations, and especially on markets within the industrial world.
Author: Tim Lang
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN:
Category : Dış ticaret
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
This monograph questions the benefits of free trade, arguing that, far from promoting prosperity for all those involved, free trade only serves a narrow range of interests, primarily for the large corporations who conduct it. The authors claim that the consequences of present arrangements and those promised under the new GATT agreement will increase the difference between the world's rich and poor and accelerate the destruction of the global environment. The authors suggest instead that trading arrangements should emphasize regional self-sufficiency and the overall amount of trade should be reduced.
Author: Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262521505
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
"Through a combination of text, quotations, cartoons, tables, charts, and graphs, Bhagwati ... looks at the forces for and against protection."--Jacket.
Author: David Greenaway
Publisher: London : Macmillan
ISBN:
Category : Commercial policy
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
Author: Richard E. Baldwin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781907142239
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
The global financial crisis of 2008/9 is the Great Depression of the 21st century. For many though, the similarities stop at the Wall Street Crash as the current generation of policymakers have acted quickly to avoid the mistakes of the past. Yet the global crisis has made room for mistakes all of its own. While governments have apparently kept to their word on refraining from protectionist measures in the style of 1930s tariffs, there has been a disturbing rise in "murky protectionism." Seemingly benign, these crisis-linked policies are twisted to favour domestic firms, workers and investors. This book, first published as an eBook on VoxEU.org in March 2009, brings together leading trade policy practitioners and experts - including Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo. Initially its aim was to advise policymakers heading in to the G20 meeting in London, but since the threat of murky protectionism persists, so too do their warnings.
Author: Kwang-Chul Lew
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : International trade
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: Melvyn B. Krauss
Publisher: New York : Published by New York University Press for the International Center for Economic Policy Studies
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
