Author: Gianfranco Calligarich
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 0374600163
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 135
Book Description
The first novel from award-winning author Gianfranco Calligarich to be published in English, Last Summer in the City is a witty and despairing classic of Italian literature. Biting, tragic, and endlessly quotable, this translated edition features an introductory appreciation from longtime fan New York Times bestselling author André Aciman. In a city smothering under the summer sun and an overdose of la dolce vita, Leo Gazarra spends his time in an alcoholic haze, bouncing between run-down hotels and the homes of his rich and well-educated friends, without whom he would probably starve. At thirty, he’s still drifting: between jobs that mean nothing to him, between human relationships both ephemeral and frayed. Everyone he knows wants to graduate, get married, get rich—but not him. He has no ambitions whatsoever. Rather than toil and spin, isn’t it better to submit to the alienation of the Eternal City, Rome, sometimes a cruel and indifferent mistress, sometimes sweet and sublime? There can be no half measures with her, either she’s the love of your life or you have to leave her. First discovered by Natalia Ginzburg, Last Summer in the City is a forgotten classic of Italian literature, a great novel of a stature similar to that of The Great Gatsby or The Catcher in the Rye. Gianfranco Calligarich’s enduring masterpiece has drawn comparisons to such writers as Truman Capote, Ernest Hemingway, and Jonathan Franzen and is here made available in English for the first time.
Last Summer in the City
Author: Gianfranco Calligarich
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 0374600163
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 135
Book Description
The first novel from award-winning author Gianfranco Calligarich to be published in English, Last Summer in the City is a witty and despairing classic of Italian literature. Biting, tragic, and endlessly quotable, this translated edition features an introductory appreciation from longtime fan New York Times bestselling author André Aciman. In a city smothering under the summer sun and an overdose of la dolce vita, Leo Gazarra spends his time in an alcoholic haze, bouncing between run-down hotels and the homes of his rich and well-educated friends, without whom he would probably starve. At thirty, he’s still drifting: between jobs that mean nothing to him, between human relationships both ephemeral and frayed. Everyone he knows wants to graduate, get married, get rich—but not him. He has no ambitions whatsoever. Rather than toil and spin, isn’t it better to submit to the alienation of the Eternal City, Rome, sometimes a cruel and indifferent mistress, sometimes sweet and sublime? There can be no half measures with her, either she’s the love of your life or you have to leave her. First discovered by Natalia Ginzburg, Last Summer in the City is a forgotten classic of Italian literature, a great novel of a stature similar to that of The Great Gatsby or The Catcher in the Rye. Gianfranco Calligarich’s enduring masterpiece has drawn comparisons to such writers as Truman Capote, Ernest Hemingway, and Jonathan Franzen and is here made available in English for the first time.
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 0374600163
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 135
Book Description
The first novel from award-winning author Gianfranco Calligarich to be published in English, Last Summer in the City is a witty and despairing classic of Italian literature. Biting, tragic, and endlessly quotable, this translated edition features an introductory appreciation from longtime fan New York Times bestselling author André Aciman. In a city smothering under the summer sun and an overdose of la dolce vita, Leo Gazarra spends his time in an alcoholic haze, bouncing between run-down hotels and the homes of his rich and well-educated friends, without whom he would probably starve. At thirty, he’s still drifting: between jobs that mean nothing to him, between human relationships both ephemeral and frayed. Everyone he knows wants to graduate, get married, get rich—but not him. He has no ambitions whatsoever. Rather than toil and spin, isn’t it better to submit to the alienation of the Eternal City, Rome, sometimes a cruel and indifferent mistress, sometimes sweet and sublime? There can be no half measures with her, either she’s the love of your life or you have to leave her. First discovered by Natalia Ginzburg, Last Summer in the City is a forgotten classic of Italian literature, a great novel of a stature similar to that of The Great Gatsby or The Catcher in the Rye. Gianfranco Calligarich’s enduring masterpiece has drawn comparisons to such writers as Truman Capote, Ernest Hemingway, and Jonathan Franzen and is here made available in English for the first time.
The Devil in Massachusetts
Author: Marion L. Starkey
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN: 1789125626
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Book Description
This dramatic and deeply moving book combines a narrative that has the pace and excitement of a novel, a timeless portrait of bigotry and a self-righteousness, and an authentic history of the Salem witch trials. It stands alone in applying modern psychiatric knowledge to the witchcraft hysteria. Nearly three hundred years ago the fate of Massachusetts was delivered into the hands of a pack of young girls. Because of the fantasies and hysterical antics of unbalanced teenagers, decent men and women were sent to the gallows. Medical science that day had no better explanation than “the evil eye”; and so Massachusetts was precipitated into a reign of terror that did not end until the highest in the land had been accused of witchcraft—ministers, a judge, the Governor’s lady. One by one were brought to the gallows such diverse personalities as a decent grandmother; a rakish, pipe-smoking female tramp; a plain farmer who thought only to save his wife from molestation; a lame old man whose toothless gums did not deny expression to a very salty vocabulary. But from the very beginning some fought the hysteria, pitting sanity against insanity, and eventually forced the community to atone for its tragic error. Written with sly humor, much of the book reads like a novel. In the end, one is pretty sure what was wrong with Cotton Mather, the august judges, and the tormented young girls. “The Devil in Massachusetts is a vivid and compassionate reconstruction of the Salem witchcraft hysteria. Marion Starkey has written history which illustrates the past and at the same time packs and important contemporary moral.”—Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. “It is certainly a ‘one sitting’ sort of book, with the dramatic appeal of the well-told story and the significances of good human history.”—Gerald Warner Brace “A fresh and full narration...of one of the most lurid, pitiful and deeply significant episodes in American history....”—Odell Shepard
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN: 1789125626
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Book Description
This dramatic and deeply moving book combines a narrative that has the pace and excitement of a novel, a timeless portrait of bigotry and a self-righteousness, and an authentic history of the Salem witch trials. It stands alone in applying modern psychiatric knowledge to the witchcraft hysteria. Nearly three hundred years ago the fate of Massachusetts was delivered into the hands of a pack of young girls. Because of the fantasies and hysterical antics of unbalanced teenagers, decent men and women were sent to the gallows. Medical science that day had no better explanation than “the evil eye”; and so Massachusetts was precipitated into a reign of terror that did not end until the highest in the land had been accused of witchcraft—ministers, a judge, the Governor’s lady. One by one were brought to the gallows such diverse personalities as a decent grandmother; a rakish, pipe-smoking female tramp; a plain farmer who thought only to save his wife from molestation; a lame old man whose toothless gums did not deny expression to a very salty vocabulary. But from the very beginning some fought the hysteria, pitting sanity against insanity, and eventually forced the community to atone for its tragic error. Written with sly humor, much of the book reads like a novel. In the end, one is pretty sure what was wrong with Cotton Mather, the august judges, and the tormented young girls. “The Devil in Massachusetts is a vivid and compassionate reconstruction of the Salem witchcraft hysteria. Marion Starkey has written history which illustrates the past and at the same time packs and important contemporary moral.”—Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. “It is certainly a ‘one sitting’ sort of book, with the dramatic appeal of the well-told story and the significances of good human history.”—Gerald Warner Brace “A fresh and full narration...of one of the most lurid, pitiful and deeply significant episodes in American history....”—Odell Shepard
The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Review Manual for Ophthalmology
Author: Rama D. Jager
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780781758130
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
The updated Third Edition of this manual is a comprehensive self-assessment review of ophthalmology and a valuable study aid for any ophthalmologist or ophthalmologist-in-training. It contains over 3,000 true/false, matching, and multiple-choice questions covering the entire field of ophthalmology, including the subspecialties. Answers are provided along with brief explanations and extensive references. Several hundred new questions have been added to this new edition, with significantly updated content and revised, expanded explanations. Two new chapters cover General Medicine and International Ophthalmology. This edition also includes more than 100 full-color photographs depicting ocular pathology and ophthalmic conditions.
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780781758130
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
The updated Third Edition of this manual is a comprehensive self-assessment review of ophthalmology and a valuable study aid for any ophthalmologist or ophthalmologist-in-training. It contains over 3,000 true/false, matching, and multiple-choice questions covering the entire field of ophthalmology, including the subspecialties. Answers are provided along with brief explanations and extensive references. Several hundred new questions have been added to this new edition, with significantly updated content and revised, expanded explanations. Two new chapters cover General Medicine and International Ophthalmology. This edition also includes more than 100 full-color photographs depicting ocular pathology and ophthalmic conditions.
The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Review Manual for Ophthalmology
Author: Veeral S. Sheth
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 1451180292
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 530
Book Description
The new Fourth Edition of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Review Manual for Ophthalmology provides a comprehensive self-assessment review and serves as a valuable study aid for any ophthalmologist or ophthalmologist-in-training. The text contains over 1,500 multiple-choice questions covering the entire field of ophthalmology, including all of its major subspecialties. Answers with explanations are provided for each question, and references are included at the end of each chapter. This edition includes more than 250 new full-color photographs and drawings depicting ocular pathology and ophthalmic conditions. All chapters have been updated with new questions to reflect the latest teaching in the field. A companion website features an interactive test bank with images. The test bank includes all 1,540 questions from the book plus over 300 unique questions for additional self-assessment practice.
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 1451180292
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 530
Book Description
The new Fourth Edition of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Review Manual for Ophthalmology provides a comprehensive self-assessment review and serves as a valuable study aid for any ophthalmologist or ophthalmologist-in-training. The text contains over 1,500 multiple-choice questions covering the entire field of ophthalmology, including all of its major subspecialties. Answers with explanations are provided for each question, and references are included at the end of each chapter. This edition includes more than 250 new full-color photographs and drawings depicting ocular pathology and ophthalmic conditions. All chapters have been updated with new questions to reflect the latest teaching in the field. A companion website features an interactive test bank with images. The test bank includes all 1,540 questions from the book plus over 300 unique questions for additional self-assessment practice.
Massachusetts Book of the Dead
Author: Roxie J. Zwicker
Publisher: Arcadia Publishing
ISBN: 1614237379
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Book Description
A historical tour of the Bay State’s oldest burial grounds—and the sometimes-spooky stories behind them. Massachusetts's historic graveyards are the final resting places for tales of the strange and supernatural. From Newburyport to Truro, these graveyards often frighten the living, but the dead who rest within them have stories to share with the world they left behind. While Giles Corey is said to haunt the Howard Street Cemetery in Salem, cursing those involved in the infamous witch trials, visitors to the Forest Hills Cemetery in Jamaica Plain enjoy an arboretum and a burial ground with Victorian-era memorials. One of the oldest cemeteries in Massachusetts, Old Burial Hill in Marblehead, has been the final resting place for residents for nearly 375 years. Author Roxie Zwicker tours the Bay State's oldest burial grounds, exploring the stones, stories and supernatural lore of these hallowed places. Includes photos
Publisher: Arcadia Publishing
ISBN: 1614237379
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Book Description
A historical tour of the Bay State’s oldest burial grounds—and the sometimes-spooky stories behind them. Massachusetts's historic graveyards are the final resting places for tales of the strange and supernatural. From Newburyport to Truro, these graveyards often frighten the living, but the dead who rest within them have stories to share with the world they left behind. While Giles Corey is said to haunt the Howard Street Cemetery in Salem, cursing those involved in the infamous witch trials, visitors to the Forest Hills Cemetery in Jamaica Plain enjoy an arboretum and a burial ground with Victorian-era memorials. One of the oldest cemeteries in Massachusetts, Old Burial Hill in Marblehead, has been the final resting place for residents for nearly 375 years. Author Roxie Zwicker tours the Bay State's oldest burial grounds, exploring the stones, stories and supernatural lore of these hallowed places. Includes photos
CLOSE ENCOUNTERS Down Home
Author: Pamela Yenser
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781646624348
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
Book Description
"Everything abandoned comes alive" Pamela Yenser writes in CLOSE ENCOUNTERS Down Home, which becomes an invocation for resilience in a world filled with disaster at every turn: whether it's the wreckage of flying saucers in Roswell, or a brother and a mother who are irrevocably changed after a complicated birth, or an abusive father who is always in the driver's seat-whether it's by plane or car. Yenser does the difficult work of reckoning with trauma and the "family / history slamming the lid on truth." And though there's comfort in escape, and beauty to be found in the landscapes these poems traverse in a wide range of traditional and open poetic forms, Yenser reminds us "As long as you live / you won't forget," and there's danger everywhere. Lucky for us, we have a wonderful guide who knows her way around language and line, and is cunning enough to "have razor blades sewn / into the hem of every poem." -Gary Jackson Pamela Yenser is a learned poet who knows the context, history, and texts of literature. Here she uses her supple and strict prosody to tell a family story about an abusive, daredevil father, a denying-praying mother, her "little retarded brother" ("She is her brother's keeper") and more. In airplanes and Airstream trailers "one catastrophe after another" happens to mark a childhood where "Visions of the devil / made you tithe, trade in the family silver." This astonishing chapbook delivers one revelation after another in poems exquisitely structured: "The past is a trap the Jaws of Life / can't break," she writes, "... but isn't this the work a poet is meant to do?" One poem in exact rhyming couplets is called "In the Garden of Demented Parents." Another, also in couplets, ends: "Look! I have razor blades sewn / into the hem of every poem." Read this brilliant and triumphant chapbook by a poet who limns the tragedy and triumph of her life. -Hilda Raz Pamela Yenser's brave and tender poems spin together family history, personal resilience, and imaginative perseverance "sharp as that wreckage/ strewn like tinsel on glitter-/fields of tumbled rock" (as she writes in the title poem). Encompassing everything from a "bad weather balloon made of Kryptonite" to "a pineapple/ ruffled doily," Yenser juxtaposes the images and dreams of the otherworldly and the day-to-day life while also writing deeply of love and survival, monsters and angels, magic tricks and memories. This is a captivating and sparkling collection. -Caryn Mirriam-Goldberg Pamela Yenser's CLOSE ENCOUNTERS refers to, yes, the Roswell UFO, as well as family relationships that are a parallel encounter. The poems' narrator sees the flying saucer wreckage as a four-year-old. She writes about this iconic disruption of the skies as a way to reveal the workings of memory itself. This is an exciting personal fable that blends journalism, verse, and narration. -Denise Lowe
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781646624348
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
Book Description
"Everything abandoned comes alive" Pamela Yenser writes in CLOSE ENCOUNTERS Down Home, which becomes an invocation for resilience in a world filled with disaster at every turn: whether it's the wreckage of flying saucers in Roswell, or a brother and a mother who are irrevocably changed after a complicated birth, or an abusive father who is always in the driver's seat-whether it's by plane or car. Yenser does the difficult work of reckoning with trauma and the "family / history slamming the lid on truth." And though there's comfort in escape, and beauty to be found in the landscapes these poems traverse in a wide range of traditional and open poetic forms, Yenser reminds us "As long as you live / you won't forget," and there's danger everywhere. Lucky for us, we have a wonderful guide who knows her way around language and line, and is cunning enough to "have razor blades sewn / into the hem of every poem." -Gary Jackson Pamela Yenser is a learned poet who knows the context, history, and texts of literature. Here she uses her supple and strict prosody to tell a family story about an abusive, daredevil father, a denying-praying mother, her "little retarded brother" ("She is her brother's keeper") and more. In airplanes and Airstream trailers "one catastrophe after another" happens to mark a childhood where "Visions of the devil / made you tithe, trade in the family silver." This astonishing chapbook delivers one revelation after another in poems exquisitely structured: "The past is a trap the Jaws of Life / can't break," she writes, "... but isn't this the work a poet is meant to do?" One poem in exact rhyming couplets is called "In the Garden of Demented Parents." Another, also in couplets, ends: "Look! I have razor blades sewn / into the hem of every poem." Read this brilliant and triumphant chapbook by a poet who limns the tragedy and triumph of her life. -Hilda Raz Pamela Yenser's brave and tender poems spin together family history, personal resilience, and imaginative perseverance "sharp as that wreckage/ strewn like tinsel on glitter-/fields of tumbled rock" (as she writes in the title poem). Encompassing everything from a "bad weather balloon made of Kryptonite" to "a pineapple/ ruffled doily," Yenser juxtaposes the images and dreams of the otherworldly and the day-to-day life while also writing deeply of love and survival, monsters and angels, magic tricks and memories. This is a captivating and sparkling collection. -Caryn Mirriam-Goldberg Pamela Yenser's CLOSE ENCOUNTERS refers to, yes, the Roswell UFO, as well as family relationships that are a parallel encounter. The poems' narrator sees the flying saucer wreckage as a four-year-old. She writes about this iconic disruption of the skies as a way to reveal the workings of memory itself. This is an exciting personal fable that blends journalism, verse, and narration. -Denise Lowe
An Afro-Indigenous History of the United States
Author: Kyle T. Mays
Publisher: Beacon Press
ISBN: 0807011681
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 282
Book Description
The first intersectional history of the Black and Native American struggle for freedom in our country that also reframes our understanding of who was Indigenous in early America Beginning with pre-Revolutionary America and moving into the movement for Black lives and contemporary Indigenous activism, Afro-Indigenous historian Kyle T. Mays argues that the foundations of the US are rooted in antiblackness and settler colonialism, and that these parallel oppressions continue into the present. He explores how Black and Indigenous peoples have always resisted and struggled for freedom, sometimes together, and sometimes apart. Whether to end African enslavement and Indigenous removal or eradicate capitalism and colonialism, Mays show how the fervor of Black and Indigenous peoples calls for justice have consistently sought to uproot white supremacy. Mays uses a wide-array of historical activists and pop culture icons, “sacred” texts, and foundational texts like the Declaration of Independence and Democracy in America. He covers the civil rights movement and freedom struggles of the 1960s and 1970s, and explores current debates around the use of Native American imagery and the cultural appropriation of Black culture. Mays compels us to rethink both our history as well as contemporary debates and to imagine the powerful possibilities of Afro-Indigenous solidarity. Includes an 8-page photo insert featuring Kwame Ture with Dennis Banks and Russell Means at the Wounded Knee Trials; Angela Davis walking with Oren Lyons after he leaves Wounded Knee, SD; former South African president Nelson Mandela with Clyde Bellecourt; and more.
Publisher: Beacon Press
ISBN: 0807011681
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 282
Book Description
The first intersectional history of the Black and Native American struggle for freedom in our country that also reframes our understanding of who was Indigenous in early America Beginning with pre-Revolutionary America and moving into the movement for Black lives and contemporary Indigenous activism, Afro-Indigenous historian Kyle T. Mays argues that the foundations of the US are rooted in antiblackness and settler colonialism, and that these parallel oppressions continue into the present. He explores how Black and Indigenous peoples have always resisted and struggled for freedom, sometimes together, and sometimes apart. Whether to end African enslavement and Indigenous removal or eradicate capitalism and colonialism, Mays show how the fervor of Black and Indigenous peoples calls for justice have consistently sought to uproot white supremacy. Mays uses a wide-array of historical activists and pop culture icons, “sacred” texts, and foundational texts like the Declaration of Independence and Democracy in America. He covers the civil rights movement and freedom struggles of the 1960s and 1970s, and explores current debates around the use of Native American imagery and the cultural appropriation of Black culture. Mays compels us to rethink both our history as well as contemporary debates and to imagine the powerful possibilities of Afro-Indigenous solidarity. Includes an 8-page photo insert featuring Kwame Ture with Dennis Banks and Russell Means at the Wounded Knee Trials; Angela Davis walking with Oren Lyons after he leaves Wounded Knee, SD; former South African president Nelson Mandela with Clyde Bellecourt; and more.
The Playwright's House
Author: Dariel Suarez
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781597098809
Category : Havana (Cuba)
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Happily married, backed by a powerful mentor, and with career prospects that would take him abroad, Serguey has more than any young Cuban lawyer could ask for. But when his estranged brother Victor appears with news that their father--famed theater director Felipe Blanco--has been detained for what he suspects are political reasons, Serguey's privileged life is suddenly shaken. A return to his childhood home in Havana's decaying suburbs--a place filled with art, politics, and the remnants of a dissolving family--reconnects Serguey with his troubled past. He learns of an elusive dramaturge's link to Felipe, a man who could be key to his father's release. With the help of a social media activist and his wife's ties with the Catholic Church, Serguey sets out to unlock the mystery of Felipe's arrest and, in the process, is forced to confront the reasons for the hostility between him and Victor: two violent childhood episodes that scarred them in unforgettable ways. On the verge of imprisonment, Serguey realizes he must make a decision regarding not just his father, but his family and his own future, a decision which, under the harsh shadow of a communist state, he cannot afford to regret.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781597098809
Category : Havana (Cuba)
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Happily married, backed by a powerful mentor, and with career prospects that would take him abroad, Serguey has more than any young Cuban lawyer could ask for. But when his estranged brother Victor appears with news that their father--famed theater director Felipe Blanco--has been detained for what he suspects are political reasons, Serguey's privileged life is suddenly shaken. A return to his childhood home in Havana's decaying suburbs--a place filled with art, politics, and the remnants of a dissolving family--reconnects Serguey with his troubled past. He learns of an elusive dramaturge's link to Felipe, a man who could be key to his father's release. With the help of a social media activist and his wife's ties with the Catholic Church, Serguey sets out to unlock the mystery of Felipe's arrest and, in the process, is forced to confront the reasons for the hostility between him and Victor: two violent childhood episodes that scarred them in unforgettable ways. On the verge of imprisonment, Serguey realizes he must make a decision regarding not just his father, but his family and his own future, a decision which, under the harsh shadow of a communist state, he cannot afford to regret.
Accomplice to Memory
Author: Q. M. Zhang (Writer)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781885030528
Category : Chinese
Languages : en
Pages : 398
Book Description
In Accomplice to Memory, Q. M. Zhang tries to piece together the fractured mystery of her father's exodus from China to the U. S. during the two decades of civil and world war leading up to the 1949 revolution. Part memoir, part novel, and part historical documentary, this hybrid text explores the silences and subterfuge of an immigrant parent, and the struggles of the second generation to understand the first. Zhang blurs the boundary between fiction and nonfiction, memory and imagination to tell the story of one woman working to understand and reimagine her family and her father. From back cover.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781885030528
Category : Chinese
Languages : en
Pages : 398
Book Description
In Accomplice to Memory, Q. M. Zhang tries to piece together the fractured mystery of her father's exodus from China to the U. S. during the two decades of civil and world war leading up to the 1949 revolution. Part memoir, part novel, and part historical documentary, this hybrid text explores the silences and subterfuge of an immigrant parent, and the struggles of the second generation to understand the first. Zhang blurs the boundary between fiction and nonfiction, memory and imagination to tell the story of one woman working to understand and reimagine her family and her father. From back cover.
Massachusetts
Author: N. L. Zaroulis
Publisher: Fawcett
ISBN: 9780449905869
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 724
Book Description
Massachusetts: a state born of bravery, controversy, and confrontation, a place where American roots run deep. Both the furnace and the fuel for the fires of Independence. Massachusetts embodies the indomitable spirit of America. It did so in the beginning, and the tradition lives on to this day.
Publisher: Fawcett
ISBN: 9780449905869
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 724
Book Description
Massachusetts: a state born of bravery, controversy, and confrontation, a place where American roots run deep. Both the furnace and the fuel for the fires of Independence. Massachusetts embodies the indomitable spirit of America. It did so in the beginning, and the tradition lives on to this day.