The Intraday Behaviour of Bid-Ask Spreads, Trading Volume and Return Volatility PDF Download
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Author: Syed Mujahid Hussain
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Languages : en
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This paper undertakes a fresh empirical investigation of key financial market variables and the theories that link them. We employ high frequency 5-minute data that include transaction price, trading volume, and the close bid and ask quote for the period May 5, 2004 through September 29, 2005. We document a number of regularities in the pattern of intraday return volatility, trading volume and bid-ask spreads. We are able to confirm the reverse J-shaped pattern of intraday bid-ask spreads with the exception of a major bump following the intraday auction at 13:05 CET. The aggregate trading volume exhibits L-shaped pattern for the German blue chip index, while German index volatility displays a somewhat reverse J-shaped pattern with two major bumps at 14:30 and 15:30 CET. Our empirical findings show that contemporaneous and lagged trading volume and bid-ask spreads have numerically small but statistically significant effect on return volatility. Our results also indicate asymmetry in the effects of volume on conditional volatility. However, inclusion of both measures as proxy for informal arrival in the conditional volatility equation does not explain the well known volatility persistence in intraday stock returns.
Author: Syed Mujahid Hussain
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This paper undertakes a fresh empirical investigation of key financial market variables and the theories that link them. We employ high frequency 5-minute data that include transaction price, trading volume, and the close bid and ask quote for the period May 5, 2004 through September 29, 2005. We document a number of regularities in the pattern of intraday return volatility, trading volume and bid-ask spreads. We are able to confirm the reverse J-shaped pattern of intraday bid-ask spreads with the exception of a major bump following the intraday auction at 13:05 CET. The aggregate trading volume exhibits L-shaped pattern for the German blue chip index, while German index volatility displays a somewhat reverse J-shaped pattern with two major bumps at 14:30 and 15:30 CET. Our empirical findings show that contemporaneous and lagged trading volume and bid-ask spreads have numerically small but statistically significant effect on return volatility. Our results also indicate asymmetry in the effects of volume on conditional volatility. However, inclusion of both measures as proxy for informal arrival in the conditional volatility equation does not explain the well known volatility persistence in intraday stock returns.
Author: Abhay Abhyankar
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Languages : en
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This paper investigates the intra-day pattern of bid-ask spreads, volatility, and volume on the London Stock Exchange. The primary focus of the study is to relate the empirically observed regularities to specific institutional features of the trading system on the Exchange. We also examine the robustness of the results with reference to changes in the trading hours. The data set used consists of quote and transactions data for about 147 stocks and 835 stocks during two quarters of 1990 and 1991. We test for statistical significance of the average inside spread, the volume, and the return volatility during 15-minute intervals using a GMM ( Generalized Method of Moments ) procedure which is robust to both serial correlation and heteroscedasticity. We also indicate graphically the intra-daily patterns in the inside spread, the trading volume, the number of transactions, and the return volatility. Our results suggest that the bid-ask spread is widest outside the Mandatory Quote Period (MQP), i.e. the period during which market-makers are obliged to post firm quotes. The spread narrows slightly over the trading day for highly traded stocks but is almost constant for less liquid stocks. The spread again widens from the end of the MQP till the close of the SEAQ system. We conjecture that the periods prior to and after the MQP provide quot;windowsquot; for price discovery prior to the MQP and for quot;cooling offquot; after the MQP. Trading volume for the entire sample shows a two-humped shape. However, a crude U-shaped pattern is seen for stocks in the highest trading decile based on volume and number of transactions. Volatility, based on the mid-point of the inside spread, also shows a U-shaped pattern. The higher volatility outside the MQP coincides with the greater price uncertainty prevailing during these time periods.
Author: Owain Ap Gwilym
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Languages : en
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The microstructure of stock markets and futures markets has attracted considerable recent attention, but the evidence relating to options markets is sparse, especially for the U.K. This article addresses this void in the literature by presenting evidence on the intraday behavior of bid-ask spreads, returns, volatility, and volume. Both clear differences and similarities are found with the previous results for other markets. Spreads are found to be wide near the market open and narrow near the close. Although this contrasts with some previous evidence in U.S. stock and futures markets of a U-shaped pattern in intraday spreads, it is consistent with other recent research, and the differences may be explained by differing market structures. No clear pattern emerges in options returns, but there is a U-shape across the day in returns volatility and in volume. The results help to differentiate between the competing theories of the intraday behavior of these key variables.
Author: Michael Jens Smith
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Languages : en
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Category : Futures
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Author: Jinliang Li
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Languages : en
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This paper examines the relationship among daily information flow, return volatility, and bid-ask spreads based on the framework of the Mixture of Distribution Hypothesis (MDH). The MDH model is modified to permit separate effects of informed and liquidity trading volume on return volatility. The results show that the positive relationship between volatility and volume is primarily driven by the informed component of trading. Controlling for the information flow, volatility is negatively related to trading volume. Furthermore, bid-ask spreads are positively related to the intensity of information flow.
Author: Stephen Satchell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137554177
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Over the last 20 years hedge funds and derivatives have fluctuated in reputational terms; they have been blamed for the global financial crisis and been praised for the provision of liquidity in troubled times. Both topics are rather under-researched due to a combination of data and secrecy issues. This book is a collection of papers celebrating 20 years of the Journal of Derivatives and Hedge Funds (JDHF). The 18 papers included in this volume represent a small sample of influential papers included during the life of the Journal, representing industry-orientated research in these areas. With a Preface from co-editor of the journal Stephen Satchell, the first part of the collection focuses on hedge funds and the second on markets, prices and products.
Author: Kalok Chan
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Languages : en
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We study the intraday behavior of bid-ask spreads for actively traded CBOE options and for their NYSE-traded underlying stocks. We confirm previous findings that stocks have a U-shaped spread pattern; however, the options display a very different intraday pattern--one that declines sharply after the open, and then levels off. Our results suggest that both the degree of competition in market making and the extent of informed trading are important for understanding the intraday behavior of spreads.
Author: Dong Yaabo Nyonna
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Languages : en
Pages : 218
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This dissertation comprises two related essays on the intraday behavior of stocks around holidays. Essay one studies the intraday pattern of spreads for a sample of NYSE stocks on a short trading day (a trading day where the stock markets close at 1 p.m. ET). A plot of an interval-by-interval time series mean percentage bid-ask spreads reveal a "stretched L-shaped" intraday pattern. The spreads pattern demonstrated in this study contrasts with the "U-shaped" intraday spreads pattern documented by McInish and Wood (1992), Brock and Kleidon (1992), and Chung and Zhao (2003). The wide spreads at the open of trading are consistent with both the specialist market power hypothesis and the specialist anticipating trading with informed traders. We attribute the relatively constant spread (following the first half hour till the close of trading) to the loss of specialist market power, and investors exiting the market in preparation for a holiday observation. In addition, our study documents mixed findings on the determinants of spreads on the short trading day. We attribute the mixed results to the yearly differences in mean percentage bid-ask spreads in our sample period. Essay two examines the intraday pattern of bid-ask spreads for NASDAQ stocks on trading days around holidays. A plot of mean percentage bid-ask spreads shows that spreads are highest at the open, fall slightly after the first few minutes of trading, and remain relatively constant till around the close of trading, where they fall slightly. Our results are consistent with those of Chan, Christie, and Schultz (1995), but inconsistent with those of Chung and Zhao (2003). We attribute the observed pattern of spreads in this study to the low participation of ECNs on trading days around holidays. Finally, we show that both the intraday trading volume and volatility patterns are "U-shaped," supporting the results documented on the regular trading days.
Author: Paul Dawson
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Languages : en
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This study compares the intraday patterns observed in the quoted and effective bid-ask spreads on the FT-SE 100 index options traded on LIFFE with a broad range of theoretical models. Several discrepancies are found. It is argued that these arise principally because the standard classification of investors into informed and liquidity traders breaks down in the case of index options, in part, because options are inappropriate instruments for liquidity traders, and also because the concept of an informed trader has a rather different nature in the case of an index as contrasted with an individual stock. Furthermore, marketmakers in these options have access to a liquid instrument to hedge the risk of asymmetric information. The key empirical finding is that there is a significant contraction of both the quoted and effective bid-ask spreads after the first 25 minutes of the trading day. Subsequently, there is little systematic intraday change in either kind of spread. This contraction is only partially consistent with theory. This study finds a widening only at the beginning of the day, and no evidence of informed trading is found during the opening interval. Is there an optimum time during the course of the day for investors to buy and sell options? The conclusion reached is that there is no such optimum time, but that investors should avoid the opening period of the day, since both the quoted and effective spreads are significantly larger than those at other times, with no compensating reward in the form of more informative prices.
