The Impact of Randomized Clinical Trials on Health Policy and Medical Practice PDF Download
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Author: Hellen Gelband
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clinical medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
Author: Hellen Gelband
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clinical medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
Author: Cynthia J. Girman
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128176636
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trials Using Primary Data Collection and Electronic Health Records addresses the practical aspects and challenges of the design, implementation and dissemination of pragmatic randomized trials. The book contains chapters encompassing common designs, along with the advantages and limitations of such designs, analytic aspects in planning trials and estimating sample size, and how to use patient partners to help design and operationalize such trials. Pragmatic trials conducted using primary data collection and trials embedded in electronic health records - including electronic medical records and administrative insurance claims - are addressed. This comprehensive resource is valuable not only for biostatitians, but also for several members of biomedical field who are interested in applying pragmatic randomized clinical trials in their research. Brings typical designs and challenges of pragmatic randomized clinical trials (pRCTs) Encompasses analytic aspects for sample size determination of such trials Discusses real cases on operational challenges in launching and conducting pRCTs in electronic health records
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309157870
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Clinical Trials Cooperative Group Program has played a key role in developing new and improved cancer therapies. However, the program is falling short of its potential, and the IOM recommends changes that aim to transform the Cooperative Group Program into a dynamic system that efficiently responds to emerging scientific knowledge; involves broad cooperation of stakeholders; and leverages evolving technologies to provide high-quality, practice-changing research.
Author: Vinayak K. Prasad
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN: 1421429047
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Why medicine adopts ineffective or harmful medical practices only to abandon them—sometimes too late. Medications such as Vioxx and procedures such as vertebroplasty for back pain are among the medical "advances" that turned out to be dangerous or useless. What Dr. Vinayak K. Prasad and Dr. Adam S. Cifu call medical reversal happens when doctors start using a medication, procedure, or diagnostic tool without a robust evidence base—and then stop using it when it is found not to help, or even to harm, patients. In Ending Medical Reversal, Drs. Prasad and Cifu narrate fascinating stories from every corner of medicine to explore why medical reversals occur, how they are harmful, and what can be done to avoid them. They explore the difference between medical innovations that improve care and those that only appear to be promising. They also outline a comprehensive plan to reform medical education, research funding and protocols, and the process for approving new drugs that will ensure that more of what gets done in doctors' offices and hospitals is truly effective.
Author: Dixon Thomas
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128142774
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 542
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Book Description
Clinical Pharmacy Education, Practice and Research offers readers a solid foundation in clinical pharmacy and related sciences through contributions by 83 leading experts in the field from 25 countries. This book stresses educational approaches that empower pharmacists with patient care and research competencies. The learning objectives and writing style of the book focus on clarifying the concepts comprehensively for a pharmacist, from regular patient counseling to pharmacogenomics practice. It covers all interesting topics a pharmacist should know. This book serves as a basis to standardize and coordinate learning to practice, explaining basics and using self-learning strategies through online resources or other advanced texts. With an educational approach, it guides pharmacy students and pharmacists to learn quickly and apply. Clinical Pharmacy Education, Practice and Research provides an essential foundation for pharmacy students and pharmacists globally. - Covers the core information needed for pharmacy practice courses - Includes multiple case studies and practical situations with 70% focused on practical clinical pharmacology knowledge - Designed for educational settings, but also useful as a refresher for advanced students and researchers
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133939
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
As our nation enters a new era of medical science that offers the real prospect of personalized health care, we will be confronted by an increasingly complex array of health care options and decisions. The Learning Healthcare System considers how health care is structured to develop and to apply evidence-from health profession training and infrastructure development to advances in research methodology, patient engagement, payment schemes, and measurement-and highlights opportunities for the creation of a sustainable learning health care system that gets the right care to people when they need it and then captures the results for improvement. This book will be of primary interest to hospital and insurance industry administrators, health care providers, those who train and educate health workers, researchers, and policymakers. The Learning Healthcare System is the first in a series that will focus on issues important to improving the development and application of evidence in health care decision making. The Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine serves as a neutral venue for cooperative work among key stakeholders on several dimensions: to help transform the availability and use of the best evidence for the collaborative health care choices of each patient and provider; to drive the process of discovery as a natural outgrowth of patient care; and, ultimately, to ensure innovation, quality, safety, and value in health care.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030921646X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
Advances in medical, biomedical and health services research have reduced the level of uncertainty in clinical practice. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) complement this progress by establishing standards of care backed by strong scientific evidence. CPGs are statements that include recommendations intended to optimize patient care. These statements are informed by a systematic review of evidence and an assessment of the benefits and costs of alternative care options. Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust examines the current state of clinical practice guidelines and how they can be improved to enhance healthcare quality and patient outcomes. Clinical practice guidelines now are ubiquitous in our healthcare system. The Guidelines International Network (GIN) database currently lists more than 3,700 guidelines from 39 countries. Developing guidelines presents a number of challenges including lack of transparent methodological practices, difficulty reconciling conflicting guidelines, and conflicts of interest. Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust explores questions surrounding the quality of CPG development processes and the establishment of standards. It proposes eight standards for developing trustworthy clinical practice guidelines emphasizing transparency; management of conflict of interest ; systematic review-guideline development intersection; establishing evidence foundations for and rating strength of guideline recommendations; articulation of recommendations; external review; and updating. Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust shows how clinical practice guidelines can enhance clinician and patient decision-making by translating complex scientific research findings into recommendations for clinical practice that are relevant to the individual patient encounter, instead of implementing a one size fits all approach to patient care. This book contains information directly related to the work of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as various Congressional staff and policymakers. It is a vital resource for medical specialty societies, disease advocacy groups, health professionals, private and international organizations that develop or use clinical practice guidelines, consumers, clinicians, and payers.
Author: Maira Rubi Segura Campos
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012819829X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Oncological Functional Nutrition: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants presents the anticancer activities, metabolism, mechanism of action, doses, and sources of various phytochemicals and medicinal plants. Broken into five parts, this book addresses cancer epidemiology, molecular and therapeutic bases of cancer, macro and micronutrients in cancer prevention and treatment, phytochemicals in the cancer treatment, and medical plants as potential functional foods or resources for the obtention of metabolites with anticancer activity. Written for nutritionists, food scientists, health professionals, oncologists, endocrinologists, natural product chemists, ethnobotanists, chemists, pharmacists, biochemists, and students studying relating fields, Oncological Functional Nutrition: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants will be a useful reference for those interested in learning more about functional nutrition and cancer. Discusses functional nutrition as alternative therapy Provides recommendations and intervention strategies related to the consumption of phytochemicals, food, and medicinal plants Addresses cancer epidemiology, the molecular and therapeutic bases of cancer, phytochemicals in the cancer treatment, and medical plants
Author: Eric M. Patashnik
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691208565
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
How partisanship, polarization, and medical authority stand in the way of evidence-based medicine The U.S. medical system is touted as the most advanced in the world, yet many common treatments are not based on sound science. Unhealthy Politics sheds new light on why the government's response to this troubling situation has been so inadequate, and why efforts to improve the evidence base of U.S. medicine continue to cause so much political controversy. This critically important book paints a portrait of a medical industry with vast influence over which procedures and treatments get adopted, and a public burdened by the rising costs of health care yet fearful of going against "doctor's orders." Now with a new preface by the authors, Unhealthy Politics offers vital insights into the limits of science, expertise, and professionalism in American politics.
Author: B. Bradford Brown
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123739519
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1294
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Book Description
The period of adolescence involves growth, adaptation, and dramatic reorganization in almost every aspect of social and psychological development. The Encyclopedia of Adolescence, Three Volume Set offers an exhaustive and comprehensive review of current theory and research findings pertaining to this critical decade of life. Leading scientists offer accessible and easily readable reviews of biological, social, educational, occupational, and cultural factors that shape adolescent development. Issues in normative development, individual differences, and psychopathology/maladjustment are reviewed. Over 130 chapters are included, each covering a specific aspect or issue of adolescence. The chapters trace differences in the course of adolescence in different nations and among youth with different backgrounds.The encyclopedia brings together cross-disciplinary contributors, including academic researchers, biologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, anthropologists and public policy experts, and will include authors from around the world. Each article features an in-depth analysis of current information on the topic, along with a glossary, suggested readings for further information, and cross-references to related encyclopedia articles. The volumes offer an unprecedented resource for all audiences, providing a more comprehensive understanding of general topics compared to other reference works on the subject.Available both in print and online via SciVerse Science Direct. Winner of the 2011 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference in Humanities & Social Science from the Association of American Publishers; and named a 2012 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication Brings together cross-disciplinary contributors, including developmental psychologists, educational psychologists, clinical psychologists, biologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, anthropologists and public policy experts Published both in print and via Elsevier's ScienceDirectTM online platform
