The Gravity of Intermediate Inputs in Productivity Spillovers PDF Download
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Author: Xiao Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We distinguish the heterogeneous productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment (FDI) at the firm level. Based on a multi-sector production model, we construct a firm-level distance statistic that measures a domestic firm's access to intermediate inputs that are produced by upstream foreign-owned firms. We then estimate the gravity of intermediate inputs -- a domestic firm enjoys a higher productivity if it gains access to more inputs sold by FDI firms (general productivity-enhancing effect) and it is geographically closer to upstream FDI firms (proximity effect). Using the Chinese firm data between 2000 and 2007, we exploit the FDI-encouraging policy shock that changes upstream FDI firms' entry, exit, and market share, and thus affects the firm-level distance statistic exogenously. We find empirical supports that (i) if a domestic firm's FDI input share increases by 1 percentage point, its productivity increases by 2.15%, and (ii) if this firm's weighted average distance to upstream FDI firms is 10% greater than an otherwise identical firm, its productivity is 1.42% lower.
Author: Xiao Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We distinguish the heterogeneous productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment (FDI) at the firm level. Based on a multi-sector production model, we construct a firm-level distance statistic that measures a domestic firm's access to intermediate inputs that are produced by upstream foreign-owned firms. We then estimate the gravity of intermediate inputs -- a domestic firm enjoys a higher productivity if it gains access to more inputs sold by FDI firms (general productivity-enhancing effect) and it is geographically closer to upstream FDI firms (proximity effect). Using the Chinese firm data between 2000 and 2007, we exploit the FDI-encouraging policy shock that changes upstream FDI firms' entry, exit, and market share, and thus affects the firm-level distance statistic exogenously. We find empirical supports that (i) if a domestic firm's FDI input share increases by 1 percentage point, its productivity increases by 2.15%, and (ii) if this firm's weighted average distance to upstream FDI firms is 10% greater than an otherwise identical firm, its productivity is 1.42% lower.
Author: Roberto Alvarez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper investigates whether exporting generates positive productivity spillover effects on other plants operating in the same industry and whether exporting affects productivity of plants in vertically related industries. Using plant-level data from Chile we find that exporters improve productivity of their local suppliers but not of plants that purchase intermediate inputs from them. We also find evidence of horizontal spillovers from exporting. Exporting by foreign-owned plants generates positive spillovers in all directions: to their suppliers, customers, and to other plants in the same industry. Domestic exporters increase productivity of their suppliers and, to a lesser extent, that of plants in the same sector.
Author: Edward N. Wolff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Industrial productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Author: Simon Baptist
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Rachel Griffith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business enterprises, Foreign
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Author: Jeffrey Ian Bernstein
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Externalities (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
The purpose of this paper is to develop and estimate a model of production with endogenous technological change. Technological change arises from R&D capital accumulation decisions. These decisions respond to market and government incentives and generate R&D capital spillovers. A spillover network of senders and receivers is estimated. The network shows that each receiving industry is affected by a distinct set of R&D sources and each sending industry affects a unique set of receivers. For the receivers, spillovers generally expand product markets, lower product prices, increase production costs and input demands. For the sources, significant R&D spillovers cause the social rates of return to R&D capital to be substantially above the private returns.
Author: Kei-Mu Yi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455201251
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 47
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Book Description
This paper uses a global input-output framework to quantify US and EU demand spillovers and the elasticity of world trade to GDP during the global recession of 2008-2009. We find that 20-30 percent of the decline in the US and EU demand was borne by foreign countries, with NAFTA, Emerging Europe, and Asia hit hardest. Allowing demand to change in all countries simultaneously, our framework delivers an elasticity of world trade to GDP of nearly 3. Thus, demand alone can account for 70 percent of the trade collapse. Large changes in demand for durables play an important role in driving these results.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264279172
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
The 32nd issue of the International Productivity Monitor is a special issue produced in collaboration with the OECD. All articles published in this issue were selected from papers presented at the First Annual Conference of the OECD Global Forum on Productivity held in Lisbon, Portugal, July ...
Author: Andreas Pyka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319620096
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 532
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Book Description
The book illustrates the considerable advances in modern evolutionary economics and addresses core questions of economic behaviour, interaction of heterogeneous actors in uncertain environments and the possibility of aggregating observations on a macro-economic level. It presents the foundations of economic change as the major building blocks of an economic approach that focusses on complex processes driven by endogenous innovation as well as crisis. The theoretical considerations are complemented by econometric studies to demonstrate the relevance of evolutionary-economic thinking to improve our understanding of the most challenging issues related to economic growth and development.
Author: Mr.Koshy Mathai
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475531710
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
China’s trade patterns are evolving. While it started in light manufacturing and the assembly of more sophisticated products as part of global supply chains, China is now moving up the value chain, “onshoring” the production of higher-value-added upstream products and moving into more sophisticated downstream products as well. At the same time, with its wages rising, it has started to exit some lower-end, more labor-intensive sectors. These changes are taking place in the broader context of China’s rebalancing—away from exports and toward domestic demand, and within the latter, away from investment and toward consumption—and as a consequence, demand for some commodity imports is slowing, while consumption imports are slowly rising. The evolution of Chinese trade, investment, and consumption patterns offers opportunities and challenges to low-wage, low-income countries, including China’s neighbors in the Mekong region. Cambodia, Lao P.D.R., Myanmar, and Vietnam (the CLMV) are all open economies that are highly integrated with China. Rebalancing in China may mean less of a role for commodity exports from the region, but at the same time, the CLMV’s low labor costs suggest that manufacturing assembly for export could take off as China becomes less competitive, and as China itself demands more consumption items. Labor costs, however, are only part of the story. The CLMV will need to strengthen their infrastructure, education, governance, and trade regimes, and also run sound macro policies in order to capitalize fully on the opportunities presented by China’s transformation. With such policy efforts, the CLMV could see their trade and integration with global supply chains grow dramatically in the coming years.
