Author: James R. Greaves
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Infrared radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 60

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Author: James R Graves
Publisher: Palala Press
ISBN: 9781341944505
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author: Vitor Martinho F. Pereira e Silva
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Artificial satellites in geographical research
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Satellite infrared imagery off the California coast, near Pt. Sur, show thermal patterns associated with an upwelling center; the patterns frequently curl cyclonically when interacting with the warmer California Current. This pattern shows sharp thermal fronts, easily identified in satellite IR images, that are strongly correlated with nutrient fronts during the early stages of upwelling. With sea truth data available, it was feasible to calibrate satellite derived sea surface temperature, by applying radiative transfer theory, and to infer nutrient concentrations from their linear inverse correlations with temperature. Thus, it was possible to calibrate satellite thermal fields to produce maps of nutrient distributions. When the inferred relationships were applied over representative regions of the upwelling center, standard deviations of 0.5C, 1.7 microns and 0.1 microns were computed for temperature, nitrate and phosphate, respectively. (Author).

Author: Don Alan Nestor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean temperature
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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In recent years the study of ocean fronts and eddies has become increasingly important to the U.S. Navy for they are of vital importance in understanding underwater sound transmission. From the history of satellite pictures for the area of the ocean off the central California coast, it appears that cold water which has come to the surface as a result of upwelling has become intertwined within the California Current. The persistent thermal features in the sea surface which are formed were the subject area of this study. Direct telephone contact was established with the satellite receiving station which afforded real time satellite information as to the thermal structure of the sea surface on a mesoscale. This satellite sensed thermal structure was then compared with in situ nutrient and temperature data collected on three cruises on board the research vessel ACANIA. The agreement between the in situ data and the satellite imagery was very strong and the utilization of satellite imagery was shown to be a very effective method to localize an ocean front.

Author: Lewis J. Allison
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean temperature
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Author: NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Earth sciences
Languages : en
Pages : 620

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Author: John C. Wilkerson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22

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The sea surface temperature field of a 10 x 20 degree area of the North Atlantic is constructed from synoptic temperatures of the ocean surface obtained from High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data from NIMBUS II meteorological satellite. The computer analysis of these satellite data is compared with the computer analysis of three and one half days of conventional ship data produced for the same time period by the Fleet Numerical Weather Central (FNWC), Monterey, California, with a manual analysis of the same ship data prepared by the Fleet Weather Central, Norfolk, Virginia, and with an experimental numerical analysis done by NAVOCEANO. (Author).

Author: Andrew S. Kowalski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean temperature
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Satellite technology represents the only technique for measuring sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on a global scale. SSTs are important as boundary conditions for climate and atmospheric boundary layer models which attempt to describe phenomena of all scales, ranging from local forecasts to predictions of global warming. Historical use of infrared satellite measurements for SST determination has been based on a theory which assumes that the atmosphere is 'thin', i.e., that atmospheric absorption of infrared radiation emitted from the sea surface has very little effect on the radiant intensity that is measured by satellites. However, a variety of independent radiative transfer models point to the possibility that the so-called 'thin approximation' is violated for humid atmospheres such as those found in the tropics, leading to errors in the retrieved SST that would be unacceptable to those who make use of such products. Furthermore, such tropical regions represent a significant portion of the globe, where coupled ocean-atmosphere disturbances can have global effects (e.g., the tropical Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation events). This study evaluates the thin approximation empirically, by combining radiative transfer theory and satellite data from the Eastern Atlantic ocean region studied during the Atlantic Statocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX). Six months of satellite data from May, June, and July of 1983 and 1984 are analyzed. To the degree that the data may be considered representative of globally valid relationships between measured variables, it is shown that the thin approximation is not appropriate for the tropics. This suggests that new methods are necessary for retrieving SSTs from the more humid regions of the globe.

Author: Merritt R. Stevenson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronautics in oceanography
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Results on the application of infrared data from NASA and NOAA satellites for use in the field of fishery oceanography are given. Preliminary results of Project Little Window 2 (LW-2) held in the Gulf of California are discussed. A general review of the numerical techniques used for handling infrared data is given. Methods for photo-digitization of 70 mm and 35 mm filmstrips are also described and examples are given. The importance of surface thermal fronts to biota in general and to the tuna fishery in particular, in the eastern tropical Pacific is discussed. Selected numerical techniques for producing charts that emphasize gradient features are described and examples are given. (Author).

Author: Laurence Breaker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronautics in oceanography
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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