The Effects of Leaf Removal on Fruit Composition and Yield of Wine Grapes PDF Download
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Author: Andrew Martin Bledsoe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author: Andrew Martin Bledsoe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author: Steve P. Smit
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Author: Gregory Louis Hostetler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Author: Patricia Chalfant
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Abstract: Several winegrapes grown in cool climates, including Vitis vinifera Cabernet Franc and Vitis sp. Chambourcin, benefit from crop reduction. The practice promotes timely fruit maturation and can improve fruit quality. Balanced pruning and cluster thinning are the cultural practices used to attain the desired crop load. However, crop reduction by cluster thinning is labor intensive, costly and typically not mechanized for winegrapes. In this study, the practice of early season leaf removal by hand and with a mechanized leaf remover is proposed as an alternate tool to reduce crop level, thereby optimizing crop load and fruit quality. The objectives were to determine the effects of the timing of leaf removal (pre-bloom, bloom, or fruitset) on yield components, crop load, fruit quality, and cold hardiness in Chambourcin and to 2) determine the effects of manual versus mechanical leaf removal at different phenological stages on yield components, growth, crop load, and fruit quality in Cabernet Franc. In Chambourcin, leaf removal at pre-bloom in 2010 and bloom in 2010 and 2011 reduced yield as compared to defoliation at fruitset and control (no removal). Early season leaf removal reduced crop load (Ravaz index) in both years. Defoliation at bloom increased bud lignification in both years and reduced bud injury in fall of 2010. Defoliation at pre-bloom reduced bud injury in winter in one of two years. In Cabernet Franc, manual leaf removal at pre-bloom and mechanical leaf removal at bloom reduced yield. Leaf removal had no negative effects on pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, or total phenolics in either cultivar in either year. Early season leaf removal can be used to control yield without negatively impacting growth, cluster compactness, disease incidence, fruit composition, or lignification. It is concluded that early season leaf removal is a viable alternative to cluster thinning as a method of yield reduction in Chambourcin. Early season mechanical leaf removal is a viable alternative to manual leaf removal.
Author: Brittany Lynn Komm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Jean M. Riesterer-Loper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Author: Maria Teresa Franco de Barros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Author: José Tomás Matus
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889632113
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
Fruits play a substantial role in the human diet as a source of vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and a wide range of molecules relevant to health promotion and disease prevention. The characterization of genes involved in the accumulation of these molecules during fruit development and ripening, and in the overall plant’s response to the environment, constitutes a fundamental step for improving yield- and quality-related traits, and for predicting this crop’s behavior in the field. This is certainly the case for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), one of the most largely cultivated fruit crops in the world. The cultivation of this species is facing challenging scenarios driven by climate change – including increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), solar radiation, and earth surface temperature, and decreases of water and nutrient availability. All these events will potentially affect the grapevine phenology, physiology, and metabolism in many growing regions and ultimately affect the quality of their fruits and of the most important derived product, the wine. The sequencing of the grapevine genome has given rise to a new era, characterized by the generation of large-scale data that requires complex computational analyses. Numerous transcriptomic and metabolomic studies have been performed in the past fifteen years, providing insights into the gene circuits that control the accumulation of all sorts of metabolites in grapevines. From now on, the integration of two or more ‘omics’ will allow depicting gene-transcript-metabolite networks from a more holistic (i.e. systems) perspective. This eBook attempts to support this new direction, by gathering innovative studies that assess the impact of genotypes, the environment, and agronomical practices on fruits at the ‘ome’-scale. The works hereby collected are part of a Research Topic covering the use of ‘omics’-driven strategies to understand how environmental factors and agronomical practices – including microclimate modification (e.g. sunlight incidence or temperature), water availability and irrigation, and postharvest management – affect fruit development and composition. These studies report well-settled transcriptomic and metabolomic methods, in addition to newly-developed techniques addressing proteome profiles, genome methylation landscapes and ionomic signatures, some of which attempt to tackle the influence of terroir, i.e. the synergic effect of (micro)climate, soil composition, grape genotype, and vineyard practices. A few reviews and opinions are included that focus on the advantages of applying network theory in grapevine research. Studies on vegetative organs in their relation to fruit development and on fruit-derived cell cultures are also considered.
Author: Ted Goldammer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780967521251
Category : Grape industry
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
"Updated and revised to keep pace with developments, the third edition of Grape Grower's Handbook: a Guide to Viticulture for Wine Production is meant to be a stand-alone publication that describes all aspects of wine grape production. The book is written in a nontechnical format designed to be practical and well-suited for vineyard applications."--Back cover.
Author: Xinyi Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Norton (Vitis aestivalis Michx) is a vigorous grape cultivar that grows a dense canopy. This leads to shade in the fruiting zone that negatively affects fruit quality. Canopy management is thought to reduce canopy density and overcome this negative effect. Shoot thinning, shoot positioning, leaf removal, and summer lateral removal were done in various combinations of five treatments. Three of the treatments with opened canopies increased light and ventilation in the fruiting zone. Total fruit weight per vine and average cluster weight were not affected. Neither were juice soluble solids, pH, potassium, and malic acid. Cane pruning weight per vine was not consistently altered by treatment. Titratable acidity of juice was affected, showing a decrease with leaf or leaf and summer lateral removal. These practices would be beneficial in growing Norton because of its potential for high acidity at harvest. Wine pH, titratable acidity, and potassium were not affected; however, all were acceptable in the finished wine. Visual observation showed that the dense canopy control was prone to rot, and the leaf and summer lateral removal treatment was prone to fruit sunburn. Leaf removal is likely a better choice than both leaf and summer lateral removal. Leaf removal is faster to implement and there is less potential for fruit sunburn from excessive defoliation that comes from both leaf and summer lateral removal.
