The Effects of Exercise Intensity on the Stereotypic Behaviours of Individuals with Autism PDF Download
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Author: Leslie J. Levinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autism
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
"The effects of exercise intensity on the stereotypic behaviours of three autistic subjects were examined. Two exercise programs which differed on the basis of intensity as measured by heart rate were implemented. The frequency of stereotypic behaviours were measured prior to exercise, immediately following exercise and 90 minutes following exercise." --
Author: Leslie J. Levinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autism
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
"The effects of exercise intensity on the stereotypic behaviours of three autistic subjects were examined. Two exercise programs which differed on the basis of intensity as measured by heart rate were implemented. The frequency of stereotypic behaviours were measured prior to exercise, immediately following exercise and 90 minutes following exercise." --
Author: Travis Chong Ching Wong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The prevalence rate of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing. One of the main deficits among people diagnosed with ASD is the presence of stereotypy. More importantly, stereotypy are difficult to reduce because they are often maintained by automatic reinforcement and do not have clear antecedent or trigger to these behaviors. Most interventions that are often used to address stereotypy are consequence- and punishment-based interventions, such as response interruption and redirection and response blocking. Although these interventions are effective in reducing stereotypy, they are only implemented after the stereotypy are exhibited and practitioners need to be trained to implement these interventions. In addition, they may produce negative behavioral side effects, such as tantrum behaviors and aggression. Consequently, more research has been focusing on developing antecedent-based interventions on reducing stereotypic behaviors that would also prevent negative side effects. Recent research have indicated that antecedent physical exercise interventions can lead to significant reduction of stereotypy and also many other positive collateral effects, such as increased level of academic engagement. However, various types of exercises have been incorporated in previous research and there is not enough evidence to suggest which type of physical exercise interventions or specific intervention parameters yield the largest reduction in stereotypy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of varying antecedent exercise intensities and examine whether exercise intervention with higher intensity are more effective in reducing stereotypic behaviors than lower intensity exercise intervention. In addition, this study examined participants’ subsequent task engagement or functional play as collateral effects. Results indicated that children with ASD who engage in stereotypy can benefit from antecedent exercise regardless of the exercise intensity. However, the findings suggested that higher intensity antecedent exercise led to lower levels of subsequent stereotypy and higher levels of other adaptive behaviors when compared to lower intensity antecedent exercise. Potential implications and recommendations for practitioners working with children with ASD who engage in stereotypy are provided, in addition to possible areas of future research
Author: Alyssa Coha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Behavior modification
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Exercise interventions are effective in reducing stereotypical behaviors in children with ASD, with high-intensity exercise enhancing the effects significantly (Teh et al., 2021). Neely et al. (2015) found a moderate-to-large effect of exercise on stereotypy and academic engagement; however, the intensity of exercise was only indirectly assessed using behavioral indicators of satiation (e.g., flushed face). It was hypothesized that Neely et al.'s (2015) protocol could be more consistently effective if the intensity was directly controlled and matched to what previous systematic reviews and meta-analysis had suggested as the most effective (Center for Disease Control and Prevention; CDC 2020, 64% - 76% of an individual's maximum heart rate). The present study systematically replicated Neely et al.'s (2015) study controlling the intensity of the exercise using a physiological measurement (heart rate) and examining its effects on stereotypic responses and academic engagement. Participants were two children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and evidence of stereotypy maintained by automatic reinforcement. Neely et al.'s (2015) design and conditions were replicated, namely, a multielement design with (a) no exercise (baseline), and (b) physical exercise until participants showed behavioral indicators of satiation. A third condition was introduced to test for controlling the intensity of the exercise using the heart rate measure. Percentage of intervals with stereotypic responses and academic engagement and heart rate were measured across conditions. Neely et al.'s main findings were reproduced, namely, antecedent exercise reduced stereotypic responses and increased academic engagement. Physiological measurement provided some evidence of a functional relationship between heart rate and stereotypic and academic engagement responses (as heart rate increased, stereotypic responses decreased while academic engagement increased). An effect size analysis (Tau-U index; Parker et al., 2011) was conducted to supplement visual analysis and allow for comparisons with previous research (meta-analyses and Neely et al.'s findings). The effect of exercise on stereotypy was large across conditions and participants. Effects on academic engagement varied between participants, with low-to-moderate effects for one participant and large effect for a second participant. Our findings overall confirm the effectiveness, reliability, and social validity of Neely et al.'s exercise intervention. However, adding a physiological measurement to control the intensity of exercise seems to produce a more robust and consistent effect, especially on stereotypy. The present modified version of Neely et al.'s intervention could be used to continue testing the effects of exercise on other behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder (e.g., out of seat behavior, aggression, self-injurious behaviors; Wong et al. 2022).
Author: Michel Hersen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118144724
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 758
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Book Description
Handbook of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology, Volume 1 covers the evidence-based practices now identified for treating children and adolescents with a wide range of DSM disorders. Topics include fundamental issues, developmental disorders, behavior and habit disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, and eating disorders. Each chapter provides a comprehensive review of the evidence-based practice literature for each disorder and then covers several different treatment types for clinical implementation. Edited by the renowned Peter Sturmey and Michel Hersen and featuring contributions from experts in the field, this reference is ideal for academics, researchers, and libraries.
Author: Michael Fitzgerald
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 953513079X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
This book opens with a discussion of neurodiversity and an elaboration of the diagnosis of autism. It then examines factors correlating with autism, including sex bias, month of birth, migration and impact of infant feeding. The next section is on the impact of autism. The neurobiology and genetic section deals with epigenetics and intracellular pathways associated with etiology. The development and behaviour section deals with proprioceptive profiles and joint attention in autism. The final section focuses on interventions including mindfulness, animal assisted activity, social/cultural perspective on autism intervention and physical activity. The book is relevant to all professionals and researchers working with persons with autism, including psychiatrists/psychologists, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, teachers, nurses and care workers.
Author: Fred R. Volkmar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
ISBN: 1493905066
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
The research on children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is extensive and growing. Although these conditions are recognized as affecting the entire lifespan, the literature on ASD after childhood is limited and has not been brought together in a single volume in over a decade. Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders fills this knowledge gap by focusing on needs and difficulties unique to these stages of development. Expert contributors offer cogent reviews of complex issues, from education to employment, leisure activities to illegal behaviors, mental health issues to medical health concerns. The latest findings in key areas, such as psychosocial and residential treatments, social skills programs, epidemiology, the impact of ASD on families, are examined in detail. Throughout the volume, coverage focuses on areas requiring improved models of assessment, updated data, new interventions and increased support services. Featured topics include: Transition from high school to adulthood for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Innovative programming to support college students with ASD. Romantic relationships, sexuality and ASD. Treatment of mental health comorbidities. Assessment and treatment planning in adults with ASD. The range of outcomes and challenges in middle and later life. Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders is a must-have reference for a wide range of clinicians and practitioners – as well as researchers and graduate students – in clinical child, school and developmental psychology; child and adolescent psychiatry; social work; rehabilitation medicine/therapy; education and general practice/family medicine. It will also serve as an important resource for parents and caregivers with its focus on translating the current state of knowledge relevant to understanding adolescents and adults with ASD into practical and relevant recommendations on how best to support them.
Author: David Amaral
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199707472
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1445
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Book Description
Autism is an emerging area of basic and clinical research, and has only recently been recognized as a major topic in biomedical research. Approximately 1 in 150 children are diagnosed as autistic, so it is also an intense growth area in behavioral and educational treatments. Financial resources have begun to be raised for more comprehensive research and an increasing number of scientists are becoming involved in autism research. In many respects, autism has become a model for conducting translational research on a psychiatric disorder. This text provides a comprehensive summary of all current knowledge related to the behavioral, experiential, and biomedical features of the autism spectrum disorders including major behavioral and cognitive syndromology, common co-morbid conditions, neuropathology, neuroimmunology, and other neurological correlates such as seizures, allergy and immunology, gastroenterology, infectious disease, and epidemiology. Edited by three leading researchers, this volume contains over 80 chapters and nine shorter commentaries by thought leaders in the field, making the book a virtual "who's who" of autism research. This carefully developed book is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for what we know in this area as well as a guidepost for the next several years in all areas of autism research.
Author: Johnny L. Matson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319191837
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
This book presents the similarities and intersections between Autism Spectrum Disorders and comorbid conditions in children. It describes the prevalence and magnitude of comorbid conditions occurring in conjunction with ASD that complicate diagnosis and can potentially lead to inappropriate treatment and negative outcomes. It addresses the strengths and limitations of age-appropriate assessment measures as well as activity and motor skill measurement methods. Specific comorbid disorders are examined through the review of core symptoms, prognostic and diagnostic issues and treatment options for children on the ASD spectrum. Featured topics include: Challenging behaviors in children with ASD. Conditions ranging from feeding and gastrointestinal disorders to epilepsy. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Intellectual disability (ID). Methods and procedures for measuring comorbid psychological, medical and motor disorders. Comorbid Conditions Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians and professionals and graduate students across such fields as clinical child, school and developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry and social work as well as rehabilitation medicine/therapy, behavioral therapy, pediatrics and educational psychology.
Author: James K. Luiselli
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199941572
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a relatively new diagnostic label which reflects the variability and differentiation of symptomatology among children and youth commonly described as having autistic disorder, high-functioning autism (HFA), and Asperger's syndrome. Current best practices have emerged from decades of evidence-based research, research-to-practice translation of empirically supported procedures, and consensus-driven recommendations from multiple disciplines. As a result, practitioners have many educational and intervention choices for children and youth with ASD--what is critical is that these options are informed by empirical outcomes that have been replicated in experimental trials (group and single-case) and disseminated to professionals and researchers alike. Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a state-of-the-art volume of 15 chapters across four thematic sections that reflect the current convention of viewing autism along a continuum of presenting symptoms. Skillfully edited by James K. Luiselli, sections cover diagnosis, assessment, and measurement; evidence-based practices; health and development; and additional topics such as mindful caregiving and support, CBT, and behavioral family intervention. Compiling the most up-to-date advances in approaches toward diagnosis, education, treatment, and program development, Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will be a valuable resource for professionals and trainees in the ASD field including psychologists, educators, therapists, behavior analysts, and similar practitioners. It is also appropriate for academic researchers and courses devoted to clinical psychology, special education, developmental disabilities, and special topics.
Author: Lavay, Barry
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 145046579X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Positive Behavior Management in Physical Activity Settings, Third Edition, offers creative ways to facilitate appropriate and responsible behaviors as well as to prevent and redirect disruptive behaviors.
