The Effects of Environment on Enhancing Functional Plasticity Following Cerebral Ischemia PDF Download
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Author: Teresita Landicho Briones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Author: Teresita Landicho Briones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Amanda C. Kentner
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459691
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
The collection of articles in this eBook focuses on important issues related to environmental enrichment including standardization, neurobehavioral and physiological effects across the age axis, neuroprotection and plasticity, and implications for translation. Evaluation of key parameters and issues related to standardization is important for promoting species-typical behavior and broader adaptation and translation to clinical settings. Furthermore, understanding seminal mechanisms contributing to the effects of environmental enrichment in both biological sexes is also important for the application of this housing condition to preclinical models of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Taken together, this body of work points to the relevance of enriched housing environments in laboratory practice and the potential for translation to clinical populations.
Author: Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498766579
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Author: Erik V. Grier
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781594548468
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Among the many applications of stem cell research are nervous system diseases, diabetes, heart disease, auto-immune diseases as well as Parkinson's disease, end-stage kidney disease, liver failure, cancer, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Stem cells are self-renewing, unspecialised cells that can give rise to multiple types all of specialised cells of the body. Stem cell research also involves complex ethical and legal considerations since they involve adult, foetal tissue and embryonic sources. This book brings together leading research from throughout the world in this frontier field.
Author: Stephen Lomber
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 019158343X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
The brain has a remarkable ability to adapt in the event of damage - in many cases shifting responsibility for specific cognitive functions to other non-damaged brain regions. This 'plasticity' can be crucial in aiding recovery from stroke, trauma, and peripheral damage such as eye or ear damage. Over the past thirty years our view of cortical plasticity has evolved greatly. Early studies suggested that changes to cortical function due to peripheral lesions could only occur during development and that these plastic changes were specific to a particular temporal window or "critical period". Over time, it has been demonstrated that cortical modifications as a consequence of either peripheral or central lesions can induce adaptive, or beneficial, changes in cortical function in an effort to preserve or enhance function. More recently, studies have identified that many of these adaptive changes, once thought only possible in the developing brain, are also possible in the mature or developed brain. At present, many laboratories are defining the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeutic strategies may be developed in order to maximiSe the "reprogramming" capabilities of the cerebrum. 'Reprogramming the Cerebral Cortex' describes these exciting studies and examines adaptive cortical plasticity in a variety of systems (visual, auditory, somatomotor, cross-modal, language and cognition). The book leads the reader through the complexities and promise of neuroplasticity, and presents insights into current and future research and clinical practice. It is unique in looking at the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeutic strategies may be developed. The book will be a valuable resource for behavioural, systems, computational and cognitive neuroscientists, as well as clinicians and neuropsychologists.
Author: Andrew Wiggen Kraft
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
The cerebral cortex is organized into functional representations, or maps, defined by increased activity during specific tasks. In addition, the brain exhibits robust spontaneous activity with spatiotemporal organization that defines the brain's functional architecture (termed functional connectivity). Task-evoked representations and functional connectivity demonstrate experience-dependent plasticity, and this plasticity may be important in neurological development and disease. An important case of this is in focal ischemic injury, which results in destruction of the involved representations and disruption of functional connectivity relationships. Behavioral recovery correlates with representation remapping and functional connectivity normalization, suggesting functional organization is critical for recovery and a potentially valuable therapeutic target. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive this systems-level plasticity are unknown, making it difficult to approach therapeutic modulation of functional brain organization. Using cortical neuroimaging in mice, this dissertation explores the role of specific genes in sensory deprivation induced functional brain map plasticity during development and after focal ischemic injury. In the three contained chapters, I demonstrate the following: 1) Arc, an excitatory neuron synaptic-plasticity gene, is required for representation remapping and behavioral recovery after focal cortical ischemia. Further, perilesional sensory deprivation can direct remapping and improve behavioral recovery. 2) Early visual experience modulates functional connectivity within and outside of the visual cortex through an Arc-dependent mechanism. 3) Electrically coupled inhibitory interneuron networks limit spontaneous activity syncrhony between distant cortical regions. This work starts to define the molecular basis for plasticity in functional brain organization and may help develop approaches for therapeutic modulation of functional brain organization.
Author: Harvey S. Levin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198028202
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
Cerebral Reorganization of Function After Brain Damage integrates basic research on neuroplasticity and clinical research on reorganization of function after brain injury, with a view toward translating the findings to rehabilitation. Historical foundations of research on neuroplasticity are presented to provide a perspective on recent findings. Leading investigators synthesize their work with results from other laboratories to provide a current update on neuroanatomic features that enhance neuroplasticity and provide a substrate for reorganization of function. The capacity for recovery from brain injury associated with focal lesions as compared to diffuse cerebral insult is discussed. Interventions such as environmental enrichment and drugs to enhance reorganization of function after brain injury have been studied in animal models and in human studies. Methodologies to study neuroplasticity are discussed including functional magnetic resonance imaging, neurophysiological measures, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and computational modeling. Implications of neuroplasticity research for innovations in rehabilitation of persons with brain injury are critically reviewed. This text will be particularly appealing to neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, speech scientists, and other health professionals engaged in rehabilitation-related research.
Author: Thomas Platz
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030585050
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
This open access book focuses on practical clinical problems that are frequently encountered in stroke rehabilitation. Consequences of diseases, e.g. impairments and activity limitations, are addressed in rehabilitation with the overall goal to reduce disability and promote participation. Based on the available best external evidence, clinical pathways are described for stroke rehabilitation bridging the gap between clinical evidence and clinical decision-making. The clinical pathways answer the questions which rehabilitation treatment options are beneficial to overcome specific impairment constellations and activity limitations and are well acceptable to stroke survivors, as well as when and in which settings to provide rehabilitation over the course of recovery post stroke. Each chapter starts with a description of the clinical problem encountered. This is followed by a systematic, but concise review of the evidence (RCTs, systematic reviews and meta-analyses) that is relevant for clinical decision-making, and comments on assessment, therapy (training, technology, medication), and the use of technical aids as appropriate. Based on these summaries, clinical algorithms / pathways are provided and the main clinical-decision situations are portrayed. The book is invaluable for all neurorehabilitation team members, clinicians, nurses, and therapists in neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and related fields. It is a World Federation for NeuroRehabilitation (WFNR) educational initiative, bridging the gap between the rapidly expanding clinical research in stroke rehabilitation and clinical practice across societies and continents. It can be used for both clinical decision-making for individuals and as well as clinical background knowledge for stroke rehabilitation service development initiatives.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 2164
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Book Description
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Author: Steven C. Cramer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139490656
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.
