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Author: Douglas S. Lipton
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 776
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Book Description
This is a compilation of descriptions of English-language research studies, conducted between 1945 and 1967 to evaluate the treatment of criminal and juvenile offenders. Each of the 231 studies has been annotated and classed into categories. Study findings are classified according to eleven treatment methods (independent variables) and seven desired areas of change (dependent variables). The independent variables include imprisonment, parole, casework and individual counselling, milieu therapy, and medical methods. The dependent variables discussed are recidivism, institutional adjustment, vocational adjustment, educational achievement, drug and alcohol re-addiction, personality and attitude change, and community adjustment. (Source: NCJRS, adapted).
Author: Douglas S. Lipton
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 776
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is a compilation of descriptions of English-language research studies, conducted between 1945 and 1967 to evaluate the treatment of criminal and juvenile offenders. Each of the 231 studies has been annotated and classed into categories. Study findings are classified according to eleven treatment methods (independent variables) and seven desired areas of change (dependent variables). The independent variables include imprisonment, parole, casework and individual counselling, milieu therapy, and medical methods. The dependent variables discussed are recidivism, institutional adjustment, vocational adjustment, educational achievement, drug and alcohol re-addiction, personality and attitude change, and community adjustment. (Source: NCJRS, adapted).
Author: Lois M. Davis
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833081322
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
After conducting a comprehensive literature search, the authors undertook a meta-analysis to examine the association between correctional education and reductions in recidivism, improvements in employment after release from prison, and other outcomes. The study finds that receiving correctional education while incarcerated reduces inmates' risk of recidivating and may improve their odds of obtaining employment after release from prison.
Author: Donald James West
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674195653
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Delinquency evaluates one of the largest longitudinal-observational studies of juvenile delinquents ever conducted. Utilizing a normal population sample and conducting individual interviews repeatedly over many years, the author and his colleagues followed the development of 400 British working-class boys from age eight to twenty-five, of whom one-third eventually had criminal records. Five factors were found to predict most delinquent behavior, the most powerful statistically being the presence of a criminal parent. By measuring the accumulated pressure of these factors, D. J. West demonstrates the extent to which delinquency can be predicted from classroom observations or social background at an early age. He outlines policy guidelines that would tailor intervention to a youth's age and circumstances, and he argues persuasively that positive change in the parents' situation usually produces good effects on the children.
Author: Lois M. Davis
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833084933
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
Assesses the effectiveness of correctional education for both incarcerated adults and juveniles, presents the results of a survey of U.S. state correctional education directors, and offers recommendations for improving correctional education.
Author: Pittaro, Michael
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799868869
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
The often-tenuous relationship between law enforcement and communities of color, namely African Americans, has grown increasingly strained, and the call for justice has once again ignited the demand for criminal justice reform. Rebuilding the trust between the police and the citizens that they have sworn to protect and serve requires that criminal justice practitioners and educators collaborate with elected officials and commit to an open, ongoing dialogue on the most challenging issues that remain unresolved but demand collective attention and support. Reform measures are not limited to policing policies and practices, but rather extend throughout the criminal justice system. There is no denying that the criminal justice system as we know it is flawed, but not beyond repair. Global Perspectives on Reforming the Criminal Justice System provides in-depth and current research about the criminal justice system around the world, its many inadequacies, and why it urgently needs reformation. Offering a fully fleshed outline of the current system, this book details the newest research and is incredibly important to fully understand the flaws of the criminal justice system across the globe. The goals of this book are to improve and advance the criminal justice system by addressing the glaring weaknesses within the system and discuss potential reforms including decreasing the prison population (decarceration) and improving police/community relations. Highlighting topics that include accountability, community-oriented policing, ethics, and mass incarceration, this book is ideal for law enforcement officers, trainers/educators, government officials, policymakers, correctional officers, court officials, professionals, researchers, academicians, and students in the fields of criminal justice, criminology, sociology, psychology, addictions, mental health, social work, public policy, and public administration.
Author: Edward J. Latessa
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317521358
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
This book offers criminologists and students an evidence-based discussion of the latest trends in corrections. Over the last several decades, research has clearly shown that rehabilitation efforts can be effective at reducing recidivism among criminal offenders. However, researchers also recognize that treatment is not a "one size fits all" approach. Offenders vary by gender, age, crime type, and/or addictions, to name but a few, and these individual needs must be addressed by providers. Finally, issues such as leadership, quality of staff, and evaluation efforts affect the quality and delivery of treatment services. This book synthesizes the vast research for the student interested in correctional rehabilitation as well as for the practitioner working with offenders. While other texts have addressed issues regarding treatment in corrections, this text is unique in that it not only discusses the research on "what works" but also addresses implementation issues as practitioners move from theory to practice, as well as the importance of staff, leadership and evaluation efforts.
Author: Doris Layton MacKenzie
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521001205
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
What Works in Corrections, first published in 2006, examines the impact of correctional interventions, management policies, treatment and rehabilitation programs on the recidivism of offenders and delinquents. The book reviews different strategies for reducing recidivism and describes how the evidence for effectiveness is assessed. Thousands of studies were examined in order to identify those of sufficient scientific rigor to enable conclusions to be drawn about the impact of various interventions, policies and programs on recidivism. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were performed to further examine these results. This book assesses the relative effectiveness of rehabilitation programs (e.g., education, life skills, employment, cognitive behavioral), treatment for different types of offenders (e.g. sex offenders, batterers, juveniles), management and treatment of drug-involved offenders (e.g., drug courts, therapeutic communities, outpatient drug treatment) and punishment, control and surveillance interventions (boot camps, intensive supervision, electronic monitoring). Through her extensive research, MacKenzie illustrates which of these programs are most effective and why.
Author: Francis T. Cullen
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN: 9781478262503
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
A theme that has persisted throughout the history of American corrections is that efforts should be made to reform offenders. In particular, at the beginning of the 1900s, the rehabilitative ideal was enthusiastically trumpeted and helped to direct the renovation of the correctional system (e.g., implementation of indeterminate sentencing, parole, probation, a separate juvenile justice system). For the next seven decades, offender treatment reigned as the dominant correctional philosophy. Then, in the early 1970s, rehabilitation suffered a precipitous reversal of fortune. The larger disruptions in American society in this era prompted a general critique of the “state run” criminal justice system. Rehabilitation was blamed by liberals for allowing the state to act coercively against offenders, and was blamed by conservatives for allowing the state to act leniently toward offenders. In this context, the death knell of rehabilitation was seemingly sounded by Robert Martinson's (1974b) influential “nothing works” essay, which reported that few treatment programs reduced recidivism. This review of evaluation studies gave legitimacy to the antitreatment sentiments of the day; it ostensibly “proved” what everyone “already knew”: Rehabilitation did not work. In the subsequent quarter century, a growing revisionist movement has questioned Martinson's portrayal of the empirical status of the effectiveness of treatment interventions. Through painstaking literature reviews, these revisionist scholars have shown that many correctional treatment programs are effective in decreasing recidivism. More recently, they have undertaken more sophisticated quantitative syntheses of an increasing body of evaluation studies through a technique called “meta-analysis.” These meta-analyses reveal that across evaluation studies, the recidivism rate is, on average, 10 percentage points lower for the treatment group than for the control group. However, this research has also suggested that some correctional interventions have no effect on offender criminality (e.g., punishment-oriented programs), while others achieve substantial reductions in recidivism (i.e., approximately 25 percent). This variation in program success has led to a search for those “principles” that distinguish effective treatment interventions from ineffective ones. There is theoretical and empirical support for the conclusion that the rehabilitation programs that achieve the greatest reductions in recidivism use cognitive-behavioral treatments, target known predictors of crime for change, and intervene mainly with high-risk offenders. “Multisystemic treatment” is a concrete example of an effective program that largely conforms to these principles. In the time ahead, it would appear prudent that correctional policy and practice be “evidence based.” Knowledgeable about the extant research, policymakers would embrace the view that rehabilitation programs, informed by the principles of effective intervention, can “work” to reduce recidivism and thus can help foster public safety. By reaffirming rehabilitation, they would also be pursuing a policy that is consistent with public opinion research showing that Americans continue to believe that offender treatment should be an integral goal of the correctional system.
Author: Douglas S. Lipton
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 806
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Book Description
This is a compilation of descriptions of English-language research studies, conducted between 1945 and 1967 to evaluate the treatment of criminal and juvenile offenders. Each of the 231 studies has been annotated and classed into categories. Study findings are classified according to eleven treatment methods (independent variables) and seven desired areas of change (dependent variables). The independent variables include imprisonment, parole, casework and individual counselling, milieu therapy, and medical methods. The dependent variables discussed are recidivism, institutional adjustment, vocational adjustment, educational achievement, drug and alcohol re-addiction, personality and attitude change, and community adjustment. (Source: NCJRS, adapted).
Author: Peter C. Kratcoski
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319543490
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the methods used in the Criminal Justice system in the United States to counsel and treat offenders. It is aimed at advanced undergraduate and early graduate-level students for courses in Correctional Treatment or Rehabilitation, or Community Corrections more broadly. The sections in the book provide: - Aims and Scope of Correctional Counseling and Treatment -Tools that Corrections Workers Use (including counseling and case management) - Behavioral Modification Treatments: Examples and Applications - Cognitive Therapies: Examples and Applications Throughout the text, there is an emphasis on the big picture: the interaction of the correctional component of the justice system with other components, particularly courts (including special courts like family courts, drug courts, veterans courts and other programs). Chapters in this book address the diverse population of correctional facilities, including juvenile offenders; those with mental illness, addiction and substance abuse problems, physical and mental disabilities; and homeless populations. The author also provides analysis of how legislation influences the corrections process. This work is also enhanced by providing comparative analysis of the criminal and juvenile justice systems: their goals, objectives, and how these can affect counseling and treatment available within these two systems. This pedagogical features of this engaging text include: excerpted interviews with correctional practitioners about the problems and challenges they encounter, discussion questions, classification instruments and real-world examples of specific treatments programs, and case studies that give students the chance to select the appropriate interviewing, counseling or treatment approach to deal with the problem/ issues of the case. This work provides students with an overview of the methods used for Correctional Treatment and Counseling, and the tools to begin to think critically about how and when to apply these methods.
