The Effect of Mixing Time on the Compressive Strength of Masonry Mortars PDF Download
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Author: J. I. Davison
Publisher: Division of Building Research, National Research Council
ISBN:
Category : Masonry
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
The lack of quality control measures during the mixing of masonry mortars on construction sites is evident to observers of field practice. Sand and cementitious materials are often measured with a shovel, water by the bucket or with a hose, and only on rare occasions is the mixing time checked. Observations indicate that the length of mixing time usually reflects the demand for mortar at the working site rather than concern for its quality. Fox example, first thing in the morning or just after lunch, when the masons are starting work and all demanding mortar at the same time, the mixing machine is dumped almost as soon as the last materials are added. At the other extreme, in mid-morning or mid-afternoon, when all the mortar boards are full but the supply in the mixer box needs replenishing, the machine may be allowed to run 20 to 30 minutes before being dumped. These observations raise questions about the effect of various mixing times on mortar properties, and a study was undertaken to provide some answers. Water requirement, flow, retentivity, air content and compressive strength were included in the investigation. The latter is one of the major concerns of the masonry contractor and this paper reports the effect of mixing times on it.
Author: J. I. Davison
Publisher: Division of Building Research, National Research Council
ISBN:
Category : Masonry
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
The lack of quality control measures during the mixing of masonry mortars on construction sites is evident to observers of field practice. Sand and cementitious materials are often measured with a shovel, water by the bucket or with a hose, and only on rare occasions is the mixing time checked. Observations indicate that the length of mixing time usually reflects the demand for mortar at the working site rather than concern for its quality. Fox example, first thing in the morning or just after lunch, when the masons are starting work and all demanding mortar at the same time, the mixing machine is dumped almost as soon as the last materials are added. At the other extreme, in mid-morning or mid-afternoon, when all the mortar boards are full but the supply in the mixer box needs replenishing, the machine may be allowed to run 20 to 30 minutes before being dumped. These observations raise questions about the effect of various mixing times on mortar properties, and a study was undertaken to provide some answers. Water requirement, flow, retentivity, air content and compressive strength were included in the investigation. The latter is one of the major concerns of the masonry contractor and this paper reports the effect of mixing times on it.
Author: Robert G. Drysdale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Masonry
Languages : en
Pages : 928
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Book Description
Author: Frederick Ernest Giesecke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mortar
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Author: Cyrus Charles Fishburn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Masonry
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
The physical properties of mortars, the bond strength of the mortars to masonry units, and the structural strength of concrete masonry and composite masonry walls containing the mortars are discussed and compared. All of the mortars were tempered to as wet a consistency as could be conveniently handled by the mason. The compressive strength of the walls increased, in general, with the compressive strength of the mortar. The racking and flexural strengths of the walls increased with the bond strength of the mortar. The strength of bond test specimens tended to increase with the compressive strength of the wet consistency mortars that were used. However, bond strength appeared to be the dominant factor affecting the racking and flexural strength of the walls. Increase in both bond strength and wall strength with compressive strength of the mortar was not proportional to the relative compressive strengths of the type N and type S mortars. The stiffness of walls subjected to compressive and flexural loads increased with the bond and compressive strength of the mortars. However, the stiffness of walls subjected to flexural loads appeared to be more dependent upon the number of bed joints in the tensile face and on their extension in bond than upon the bending strains in the masonry materials.
Author: William McKenzie
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1350315729
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1057
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Book Description
This classic and well-respected textbook provides the most comprehensive coverage of the process of design for structural elements and features a wealth of practical problems and real-world examples. It introduces readers to the design requirements of the Eurocodes for the four most commonly used materials in construction: concrete, steel, timber and masonry, and illustrates the concepts and calculations necessary for the design of the most frequently encountered basic structural elements. It includes a detailed section on structural analysis. The scope of this text is wide, and its numerous examples, problems and easy-to-follow diagrams make it an ideal course text. This user-friendly text is an indispensable resource both for undergraduates in all years of civil engineering and structural engineering, in construction and architecture, and for practising engineers looking to refresh their knowledge.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Masonry
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428913378
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Book Description
The thermal protection requirements for cold weather masonry, as established in current industry specifications, were evaluated. Experiments were conducted to define the most relevant factors in the process of freezing of newly placed mortar. The effect of unit absorption on the moisture content of mortar during the first hours after assembly was assessed. Correlations of moisture content with time were developed for mortar in contact with masonry units. Frost immunity thresholds in terms of mortar moisture content and in terms of maturity were determined. The test results provided the basis for new proposed guidance on when fresh mortar can be safely exposed to freezing temperatures. Test methods for evaluation of the freeze thaw resistance of masonry units were evaluated. A new test was proposed and adopted by ASTM as a new standard test for the freeze thaw testing of masonry units. In addition, several chemicals were evaluated for their potential as antifreeze admixtures for masonry mortar. Antifreeze admixtures were first developed for use in concrete, but the practicality of using antifreeze admixtures in masonry mortars was demonstrated in a field application in Michigan during the winter.
Author: Harold Lambuth Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Author: Donald John Frey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: N Roussel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857095285
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 379
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Book Description
Estimating, modelling, controlling and monitoring the flow of concrete is a vital part of the construction process, as the properties of concrete before it has set can have a significant impact on performance. This book provides a detailed overview of the rheological behaviour of concrete, including measurement techniques, the impact of mix design, and casting. Part one begins with two introductory chapters dealing with the rheology and rheometry of complex fluids, followed by chapters that examine specific measurement and testing techniques for concrete. The focus of part two is the impact of mix design on the rheological behaviour of concrete, looking at additives including superplasticizers and viscosity agents. Finally, chapters in part three cover topics related to casting, such as thixotropy and formwork pressure. With its distinguished editor and expert team of contributors, Understanding the rheology of concrete is an essential reference for researchers, materials specifiers, architects and designers in any section of the construction industry that makes use of concrete, and will also benefit graduate and undergraduate students of civil engineering, materials and construction. Provides a detailed overview of the rheological behaviour of concrete, including measurement techniques, casting and the impact of mix design The estimating, modelling, controlling and monitoring of concrete flow is comprehensively discussed Chapters examine specific measurement and testing techniques for concrete, the impact of mix design on the rheological behaviour of concrete, particle packaging and viscosity-enhancing admixtures
