The Effect of Media and Filtration in Inducing the Oxidative Stress Response in Escherichia Coli PDF Download
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : DNA replication
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Escherichia coli grown in complex medium (LB), but not defined medium (DGC), arrest DNA replication when collected on membrane filters and resuspended in fresh media. The arrest is similar to that observed when cells are challenged with hydrogen peroxide. Yet, the reason behind this arrest is unknown. I hypothesized that the arrest in replication in complex medium after filtering might be due to oxidative shock, and therefore cells grown in complex medium and filtered should induce an oxidative stress response similar to cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Utilizing the indicator dye H2DCFDA, which fluoresces in response to reactive oxygen species, I established an assay to measure levels of oxidative stress in E.coli cultures treated with hydrogen peroxide and compared them to cells grown in complex medium and filtered. Using a deletion mutant in oxyR, which is sensitive to oxidative stress and unable to induce a cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, I assessed the fraction of fluorescent-positive oxyR cells grown in complex or defined media and filtered oxyR cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Contrary to what I hypothesized, I found that filtration of cells grown in complex medium does not significantly induce oxidative stress. I discuss alternative reasons as to what may be causing replication to arrest, such as the lack of divalent metals like iron and manganese, osmotic stress and dehydration, the sensitivity of H2DCFDA, and the difference in medium makeup.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : DNA replication
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Escherichia coli grown in complex medium (LB), but not defined medium (DGC), arrest DNA replication when collected on membrane filters and resuspended in fresh media. The arrest is similar to that observed when cells are challenged with hydrogen peroxide. Yet, the reason behind this arrest is unknown. I hypothesized that the arrest in replication in complex medium after filtering might be due to oxidative shock, and therefore cells grown in complex medium and filtered should induce an oxidative stress response similar to cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Utilizing the indicator dye H2DCFDA, which fluoresces in response to reactive oxygen species, I established an assay to measure levels of oxidative stress in E.coli cultures treated with hydrogen peroxide and compared them to cells grown in complex medium and filtered. Using a deletion mutant in oxyR, which is sensitive to oxidative stress and unable to induce a cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, I assessed the fraction of fluorescent-positive oxyR cells grown in complex or defined media and filtered oxyR cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Contrary to what I hypothesized, I found that filtration of cells grown in complex medium does not significantly induce oxidative stress. I discuss alternative reasons as to what may be causing replication to arrest, such as the lack of divalent metals like iron and manganese, osmotic stress and dehydration, the sensitivity of H2DCFDA, and the difference in medium makeup.
Author: E. C. C. Lin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468486012
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1010
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Book Description
This up-to-date guide focuses on the understanding of key regulatory mechanisms governing gene expression in Escherichia coli. Studies of E. coli not only provide the first models of gene regulation, but research continues to yield different control mechanisms.
Author: Ursula Jakob
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400757875
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
Many physiological conditions such as host defense or aging and pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes are associated with the accumulation of high levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. This generates a condition called oxidative stress. Low levels of reactive oxygen species, however, which are continuously produced during aerobic metabolism, function as important signaling molecules, setting the metabolic pace of cells and regulating processes ranging from gene expression to apoptosis. For this book we would like to recruit the experts in the field of redox chemistry, bioinformatics and proteomics, redox signaling and oxidative stress biology to discuss how organisms achieve the appropriate redox balance, the mechanisms that lead to oxidative stress conditions and the physiological consequences that contribute to aging and disease.
Author: Marina V. Rodnina
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3709102154
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
The ribosome is a macromolecular machine that synthesizes proteins with a high degree of speed and accuracy. Our present understanding of its structure, function and dynamics is the result of six decades of research. This book collects over 40 articles based on the talks presented at the 2010 Ribosome Meeting, held in Orvieto, Italy, covering all facets of the structure and function of the ribosome. New high-resolution crystal structures of functional ribosome complexes and cryo-EM structures of translating ribosomes are presented, while partial reactions of translation are examined in structural and mechanistic detail, featuring translocation as a most dynamic process. Mechanisms of initiation, both in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, translation termination, and novel details of the functions of the respective factors are described. Structure and interactions of the nascent peptide within, and emerging from, the ribosomal peptide exit tunnel are addressed in several articles. Structural and single-molecule studies reveal a picture of the ribosome exhibiting the energy landscape of a processive Brownian machine. The collection provides up-to-date reviews which will serve as a source of essential information for years to come.
Author: Thomas J. Silhavy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Author: David Mittelman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461462800
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The discovery of stress-induced mutagenesis has changed ideas about mutation and evolution, and revealed mutagenic programs that differ from standard spontaneous mutagenesis in rapidly proliferating cells. The stress-induced mutations occur during growth-limiting stress, and can include adaptive mutations that allow growth in the otherwise growth-limiting environment. The stress responses increase mutagenesis specifically when cells are maladapted to their environments, i.e. are stressed, potentially accelerating evolution then. The mutation mechanism also includes temporary suspension of post-synthesis mismatch repair, resembling mutagenesis characteristic of some cancers. Stress-induced mutation mechanisms may provide important models for genome instability underlying some cancers and genetic diseases, resistance to chemotherapeutic and antibiotic drugs, pathogenicity of microbes, and many other important evolutionary processes. This book covers pathways of stress-induced mutagenesis in all systems. The principle focus is mammalian systems, but much of what is known of these pathways comes from non-mammalian systems.
Author: Ronald G. Labbé
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118684834
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Guide to Foodborne Pathogens covers pathogens—bacteria, viruses, and parasites—that are most commonly responsible for foodborne illness. An essential guide for anyone in the food industry, research, or regulation who needs to ensure or enforce food safety, the guide delves into the nature of illnesses, the epidemiology of pathogens, and current detection, prevention, and control methods. The guide further includes chapters on new technologies for microbial detection and the globalization of the food supply, seafood toxins, and other miscellaneous agents.
Author: Rolf Gimbel
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843391201
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 580
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Book Description
Slow sand filtration is typically cited as being the first "engineered" process in drinking-water treatment. Proven modifications to the conventional slow sand filtration process, the awareness of induced biological activity in riverbank filtration systems, and the growth of oxidant-induced biological removals in more rapid-rate filters (e.g. biological activated carbon) demonstrate the renaissance of biofiltration as a treatment process that remains viable for both small, rural communities and major cities. Biofiltration is expected to become even more common in the future as efforts intensify to decrease the presence of disease-causing microorganisms and disinfection by-products in drinking water, to minimize microbial regrowth potential in distribution systems, and where operator skill levels are emphasized. Recent Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes provides a state-of-the-art assessment on a variety of biofiltration systems from studies conducted around the world. The authors collectively represent a perspective from 23 countries and include academics, biofiltration system users, designers, and manufacturers. It provides an up-to-date perspective on the physical, chemical, biological, and operational factors affecting the performance of slow sand filtration (SSF), riverbank filtration (RBF), soil-aquifer treatment (SAT), and biological activated carbon (BAC) processes. The main themes are: comparable overviews of biofiltration systems; slow sand filtration process behavior, treatment performance and process developments; and alternative biofiltration process behaviors, treatment performances, and process developments.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 950
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 2520
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Book Description
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
