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Author: Arvin Ghosh
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351530178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.
Author: Arvin Ghosh
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351530178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 140
Get Book Here
Book Description
Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.
Author: Rizal Adhari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
This study aims to investigate the effect of capital structure and ownership structure on firm performance. In addition, this study also examines the existence of reverse causality using firm-level data from three industries of three ASEAN countries, i.e., Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. It applies a two-stage estimation method. First, we measure the effect of capital structure and ownership structure on firm performance, which is measured using the non-parametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Second, we test the reverse causality hypothesis of firm performance to capital structure, which is viewed in light of two competing hypotheses: the efficiency-risk hypothesis and franchise-value hypothesis. Findings from this study reveal that, in general, a firm's capital structure positively and significantly affected firm performance, except for the Indonesian firms. In addition, results showed a positive effect of ownership concentration on firm performance. Finally, results from this study support the efficiency-risk hypothesis that suggests a positive relation between firm performance and capital structure.
Author: Timezghine Mohammed Rafik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corporations
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Corporate governance in the Asian context has witnessed a critical review and investigation from scholars after the Asian Financial crisis in 1997. This is due to the negative effect of ownership structure, which is concentrated, on minority shareholders. Previous studies considered this problem and tried to propose solutions and proposals to come up with efficient corporate governance mechanism. It has been argued that environment with weak legal protection of minority shareholders and inefficient external market and financial institutions is associated with concentrated ownership structure. Literatures in this context provided contradicted arguments about the effect of concentrated ownership in ensuring efficient corporate governance practice and better firm performance. Earlier studies claimed that dispersed ownership is the most efficient structure, where recent studies argued that block holders, such as families state and foreign, showed better governance practice and better firm performance. Within this debate this study tried to contribute to the literature by evaluating the corporate governance practice in Malaysia by focusing on ownership structure and its effect on firm performance and including a new factor, capital structure, to investigate its potential effect on the governance, and taking agency theory as un underlying theoretical background to explain the relationships. Malaysian firms are characterized with concentrated ownership which provides better environment to conduct this study. Based on data collected from the top 100 largest listed companies in Bursa Malaysia, our results showed that after nearly 15 years from the Asian Financial crisis concentrated ownership is still an important component in the Malaysian firms' ownership structure. The results showed further that managerial ownership and leverage are two governance mechanisms which are not used efficiently in governance. Panel Data analysis showed that ownership structure has different relationships with firm performance measurements, negative with the market based measurement (Tobin's Q), and positive with accounting based measurement (ROA), which indicate for potential expropriation of minority shareholders; where managerial ownership recoded negative relationships with both measurements. Foreign and state ownership have positive association with firm value, but state ownership is insignificant, whilst all ownership types are positively related with profitability. By including leverage as a moderating variable the results showed that moderating effect is significant and implies that leverage should be considered as an efficient corporate governance mechanism to ensure better performance and low agency problem.
Author: Christian Funke
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638702251
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
Diploma Thesis from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,1 (A), European Business School - International University Schlo Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Endowed-Chairf for Corporate Finance and Capital Markets), language: English, abstract: The idea that the general characteristics of a firm's ownership structure can affect performance has achieved considerable attention and related research brought forward relatively consistent empirical evidence e.g. on the positive impact of managerial ownership on firm performance. However, the evidence on the relation between ownership and capital structure is less consistent and numerous, although there are good reasons to believe that there may be such a relationship. Since the capital structure irrelevance propositions of MODIGLIANI/MILLER economists have devoted considerable time to studying cross-sectional and time-series variations in capital structure. More recent work following the seminal contribution by JENSEN/MECKLING has employed an agency theory perspective in the search for an explanation of capital structure variations. With this managerial perspective capital structure is not only explained by variations in internal and external contextual factors of the firm, but also by the values, goals, preferences and desires of managers. Corporate financing decisions are influenced by managers' incentives and the incentives for managers to act opportunistically can be influenced by the ownership structure of the firm. However, most empirical work analyzing a firm's capital structure in cross-sectional and time-series studies ignores the equity ownership structure as a possible explanatory variable. This can be partly explained by problems associated with the availability of ownership data, when compared to readily available accounting and market data on other relevant variables. Notwithstanding, it entails a problem of model misspecification as omitting a relevant variable
Author: Krishna Dayal Pandey
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000924971
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 135
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Book Description
This book provides empirical insights into the relationship between capital and equity-ownership structure of Indian manufacturing companies and their financial performance. It discusses and analyses the basic theories and concepts associated with capital structure, debt financing, levered and unlevered firms, the various forms of ownership, agency problem and its kind and the exploitation of minority owners by the large and largest owners. The study employs a set of the most reliable and suitable econometric estimation techniques to draw meaningful inferences on the Indian manufacturing sector. The novelty of this book lies in three particular aspects: the depth and dimension with which the topic is addressed; the robust empirical evidence that it has produced and the simple and intelligible approach with which it is authored. It communicates the crucial relevance of corporate capital structure and equity-ownership to the moderation of agency relationship and shaping the internal governance mechanism, which ultimately results in increased or decreased operational efficiency and financial performance. It will enable readers to understand whether an increased amount of debt capital would bring about positive results for firms or create an extra burden on the management of their finances, preventing them from taking productive investment decisions due to the threat of liquidation. The book will find an audience among advanced students, scholars and researchers who are interested in understanding the corporate finance practices and governance mechanism of Indian organizations.
Author: Ekkehart Boehmer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We analyze short-term and long-term performance of firms that go public with more than one class of common stock. To assess performance differences that are due to the firm's ownership structure, we create a control sample of single-class IPOs that is matched to the dual-class firms by exchange, offer date, industry, and size. For a comprehensive sample of 98 dual-class IPOs, we document that dual-class firms outperform their matched single-class counterparts in terms of stock-market returns as well as accounting measures of firm performance. Moreover, we find no statistically significant abnormal long-run performance over a three year horizon for dual-class firms. This contrasts with Ritter's (1991) result that IPOs significantly underperform in the three years after going public. We conclude that going public with a dual-class equity structure has net benefits for investors in those firms that choose this specific organizational structure, as evidenced by better operating performance and larger equity returns relative to other IPOs.
Author: Tobias Burkhart
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346462404
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 65
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Book Description
Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,3, University of Greenwich, language: English, abstract: This study investigates what kind of impact different leverage ratios have on firm performance measurements Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Tobin’s Q in selected firms listed on Nikkei 225 stock market (excluding Finance & Technology Sector). Furthermore, the influence of sector specific and possible control variables on capital structure (using long- & short-debt ratios) as well as firm performance will be analysed. The sample derive from 165 firms during the time period from 2014 to 2019 and analysed by using various Models multiple regression analysis. Control variables Size and Growth show a clear positive effect on firm performance. In contrast, Tangibility has a negative impact on the model in which all companies are included, but has more positive coefficients in the model in which companies are divided into their industries. Additionally, this study suggests that the effect of leverage on firm performance differs among industries. Short- and long-term debt has positive impacts on different firm performance measurements by the Materials, Reals Estate, Energy and Communication Services Sector.
Author: derek c. jones, panu kalmi and niels mygind
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Tapiwa Dube
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The question of whether ownership matters remains an important one in corporate financial policy. The types of owners of the means of production in an economy and the extent to which ownership is concentrated or diffused are important issues for an economy because they may have important effects on the leadership and control of such firms. Such effects influence the economy at macro level. The work by Berle and Means (1932:47) was based on firms owned by many shareholders with small ownership stakes, which were run by professional managers who had little or no ownership, leading to questions of ownership and corporate performance. Important decisions have to be made in firms regarding capital structure and performance. Although the literature covers the effects of concentration and types of ownerships on capital structure and corporate performance, the results are mixed. Theoretical studies explain factors that affect leverage and corporate performance but empirical studies provide inconclusive results. The questions pertaining to the effects of ownership concentration on leverage and corporate performance persist, with different institutional settings contributing to the lack of generalisable results. Inconclusive results are also attributed to the different statistical methods employed and the time periods of such studies. Few studies combine several ownership types and ownership concentration to analyse their effects on capital structure and corporate performance, especially in developing countries. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of ownership on capital structure and corporate performance in South Africa. Ownership in this study was subdivided into ownership concentration and ownership type. The Herfindahl index was the measure of ownership concentration at the top one, two, three, five and 10 shareholding levels and the types of ownerships consisted of institutional investors, families, government, management, foreigners, companies, Public Investment Corporation, black people and other shareholders. Dependent variables in the relationship with capital structure were long-term debt, short-term debt and total debt ratios based on market value and book value, and the leverage factor. Corporate performance was measured by return on assets, return on equity, TobiniÌ8℗¿℗ưs Q, economic value-added and market value-added as the dependent variables. Capital structure and other theories were used to examine the relationship between ownership and capital structure and results from previous studies were also used to investigate the relationship between ownership and corporate performance. To achieve these objectives, the research used an unbalanced panel of data from 205 non-financial companies listed for an 11-year period from 2004 to 2014 and the fixed effects and the generalised method of moments models to analyse the data. The study found that ownership concentration, ownership by the Public Investment Corporation and black people had negative effects on capital structure. An implication for ownership concentration is that as it increased, the shareholders preferred to use less debt, perhaps meaning that they did not consider it important to take advantage of the monitoring capability associated to debt. Similar reasoning could be attributed to the Public Investment Corporation although an aversion to risk could also be a possible explanation. Due to the way black shareholdings have traditionally been funded in South Africa, such shareholders could shun debt. Ownership by institutions, families, directors, companies and foreigners had positive effects on capital structure. These results implied that some shareholders, such as institutional investors, companies and foreign investors could prefer to use debt in monitoring management. Findings for managerial ownership and capital structure could imply that these types of shareholders used debt to avoid diluting their shareholdings due to their limited wealth. The effect of government ownership on capital structure was mixed. Foreign ownership and ownership by other shareholders had positive effects on corporate performance. The implications of these findings are that foreign investors monitor and provide skills and technology to their investee firms, thereby increasing the performance of these firms. Ownership by management, institutions, black shareholders and the Public Investment Corporation had negative effects on corporate performance. These findings could imply managerial entrenchment, lack of monitoring by the Public Investment Corporation and institutional investors or low levels of shareholdings to enable them to commit resources to investee firms and inadequate experience on the part of black shareholders.
Author: Mohd Imran Khan
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659118289
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
This study investigated the relationship between capital structure, equity ownership and firm performance using a sample from BSE-Listed Indian companies over the period of five years (2005-2010). The study constructs efficiency through data envelopment analysis (DEA). Using panel data analysis to examine the effect of efficiency on leverage and the empirical validity of the two competing hypotheses such as efficient risk hypothesis and franchise value hypothesis. The study results were consistent with the Jensen and Meckling (1975) agency cost model and we didn't found any significant impact of efficiency on leverage. There is evidence towards non-linearity in the relationship between ownership type with capital structure and firms performance. During the study time period the efficiency and the number of efficient companies in India had been decreasing due to the recession that broke out at mid-2008
