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Author: Ekkehart Boehmer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We analyze short-term and long-term performance of firms that go public with more than one class of common stock. To assess performance differences that are due to the firm's ownership structure, we create a control sample of single-class IPOs that is matched to the dual-class firms by exchange, offer date, industry, and size. For a comprehensive sample of 98 dual-class IPOs, we document that dual-class firms outperform their matched single-class counterparts in terms of stock-market returns as well as accounting measures of firm performance. Moreover, we find no statistically significant abnormal long-run performance over a three year horizon for dual-class firms. This contrasts with Ritter's (1991) result that IPOs significantly underperform in the three years after going public. We conclude that going public with a dual-class equity structure has net benefits for investors in those firms that choose this specific organizational structure, as evidenced by better operating performance and larger equity returns relative to other IPOs.
Author: Ekkehart Boehmer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We analyze short-term and long-term performance of firms that go public with more than one class of common stock. To assess performance differences that are due to the firm's ownership structure, we create a control sample of single-class IPOs that is matched to the dual-class firms by exchange, offer date, industry, and size. For a comprehensive sample of 98 dual-class IPOs, we document that dual-class firms outperform their matched single-class counterparts in terms of stock-market returns as well as accounting measures of firm performance. Moreover, we find no statistically significant abnormal long-run performance over a three year horizon for dual-class firms. This contrasts with Ritter's (1991) result that IPOs significantly underperform in the three years after going public. We conclude that going public with a dual-class equity structure has net benefits for investors in those firms that choose this specific organizational structure, as evidenced by better operating performance and larger equity returns relative to other IPOs.
Author: Sanjay B. Varshney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Going public (Securities)
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Author: Christian Kronwald
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640575571
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Hohenheim (Lehrstuhl für Bankwirtschaft und Finanzdienstleistungen), language: English, abstract: The question about capital structure is one of the most important issues which the management of a company faces in implementing their daily business. Therefore, the question of which factors affect capital structure decisions attracts high attention in the past and recent literature on capital structure. There are many papers providing valuable insights into capital structure choices, starting with the paper of Modigliani and Miller (1958). The MM-Theorem is generally considered a purely theoretical result since it ignores important factors in the capital structure decision like bank-ruptcy costs, taxes, agency costs and information asymmetry. Based on this paper many other theories which consider factors neglected by Modigliani and Miller have been evolved. Two major theories are the Tradeoff- and the Pecking-Order-Theory. The former loosens assumptions stated in the MM-Theorem by including bankruptcy costs and taxes while the latter introduces information asymmetry into the capital structure discussion. Chapter 2.1 will give a brief overview of these theories. For complexity reasons these models cannot capture all relevant factors affecting the capital structure policy of a company. However, all these theories disregard one cru-cial factor which plays an important role on capital markets all over the world. The significance of Credit Ratings is gradually increasing, and it is doing so in many re-spects. This paper focuses on the Credit Rating-Capital Structure-Hypotheses (CRCS) developed by Darren J. Kisgen as a modern approach to the capital structure discussion. The hypothesis argues that credit ratings have an impact on capital struc-ture decisions due to discrete costs (benefits) associated with a rating change. Firstly, reasons why credit ratings are material for capital structure decisions will be out-lined. Then, situations in which credit rating effects play a role will be examined. For this issue it is very important to show how it can be measured whether a firm is con-cerned about a rating change or not. Afterwards the CR-CS will be empirically tested. The traditional theories don’t explain the results obtained in these tests. Therefore credit rating effects will be combined with factors discussed in the Tradeoff- and Pecking-Order-Theory. In subsequent empirical tests credit rating factors will be integrated into previous capital structure test to show that the results of the CR-CS tests remain statistically significant...
Author: Ahmed Riahi-Belkaoui
Publisher: Praeger
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This text uses theoretical and contingency approaches to examine the question of whether capital structure can be determined. Using a bond rating model it looks at the evaluation of capital structure, the resolution of issues pertaining to equity and liabilities, and their contribution to reports
Author: Klaus Hammes
Publisher: Department of Economics School of Economics and Commercial Law Go
ISBN:
Category : Capital investments
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
Author: Benjamin M. Friedman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226264238
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
The research reported in this volume represents the second stage of a wide-ranging National Bureau of Economic Research effort to investigate "The Changing Role of Debt and Equity in Financing U.S. Capital Formation." The first group of studies sponsored under this project, which have been published individually and summarized in a 1982 volume bearing the same title (Friedman 1982), addressed several key issues relevant to corporate sector behavior along with such other aspects of the evolving financial underpinnings of U.S. capital formation as household saving incentives, international capital flows, and government debt management. In the project's second series of studies, presented at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in January 1983 and published here for the first time along with commentaries from that conference, the central focus is the financial side of capital formation undertaken by the U.S. corporate business sector. At the same time, because corporations' securities must be held, a parallel focus is on the behavior of the markets that price these claims.
Author: Sergei Polevikov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
This paper develops a model that analyzes the impact of manager-stockholder conflicts and control challenge threats on leverage, firm value and debt restructuring frequency in a contingent claims framework. This is the first theoretical study to merge several lines of research - market for corporate control, manager-shareholder conflict, dynamic capital structure, and the effect of compensation policy on managerial decisions - in one framework. This richness of the model allows to reconcile some of the on-going controversy in the corporate finance literature regarding the leverage-profitability relationship - namely, empirical support for the pecking order theory (e.g. Fama and French, 2002), and theoretical appeal of the trade-off theory (e.g. Jensen, 1986). Another implication of this paper is that control change threats are relatively ineffective for high free cash flow firms, in which case shareholders need to resort to compensation policy.
Author: Yamini Agarwal
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111820316X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Inside the risk management and corporate governance issues behind capital structure decisions Practical ways of determining capital structures have always been mysterious and riddled with risks and uncertainties. Dynamic paradigm shifts and the multi-dimensional operations of firms further complicate the situation. Financial leaders are under constant pressure to outdo their competitors, but how to do so is not always clear. Capital Structure Decisions offers an introduction to corporate finance, and provides valuable insights into the decision-making processes that face the CEOs and CFOs of organizations in dynamic multi-objective environments. Exploring the various models and techniques used to understand the capital structure of an organization, as well as the products and means available for financing these structures, the book covers how to develop a goal programming model to enable organization leaders to make better capital structure decisions. Incorporating international case studies to explain various financial models and to illustrate ways that capital structure choices determine their success, Capital Structure Decisions looks at existing models and the development of a new goal-programming model for capital structures that is capable of handling multiple objectives, with an emphasis throughout on mitigating risk. Helps financial leaders understand corporate finance and the decision-making processes involved in understanding and developing capital structure Includes case studies from around the world that explain key financial models Emphasizes ways to minimize risk when it comes to working with capital structures There are a number of criteria that financial leaders need to consider before making any major capital investment decision. Capital Structure Decisions analyzes the various risk management and corporate governance issues to be considered by any diligent CEO/CFO before approving a project.
Author: Andrew Ellul
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
This paper investigates the impact of corporate control motives on the firm's capital structure decision. Block holders with high control motivations face a trade-off between getting external finance and losing or diluting their control over the firm's decisions. Debt offers a solution to this dilemma while external equity does not. We hypothesize that firms with block holders that value control should have higher debt-equity ratios. Furthermore, we also hypothesize that debt is used more where control is valued most: in countries where minority shareholders rights are not well-protected and where losing control would cost the most. Risk-reduction motivations provide the competing hypothesis to control. In such a case, un-diversified block holders would want to decrease leverage to reduce firm specific risk in their un-diversified portfolios. We investigate the impact of family block holders because these are the best example of shareholders who, on one hand, value corporate control most and, on the other, have un-diversified portfolios. We use 3,608 firms from 36 different countries and find that, after controlling for all variables identified by the existing literature, control motives influence capital structure decisions significantly. Family firms have higher leverage relative to non-family firms and they have even higher leverage in countries where minority shareholders are least protected. Families are found to use leverage in a strategic way. They use it less when (a) they possess control-enhancing mechanisms, and (b) when their stake is high enough that can allow them to have control anyway.
Author: M. Jakšic
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137402229
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
This book focuses on business firms as catalysts and agents of social and economic change, and explores the argument that sustainable development is the perfect opportunity for businesses to strengthen the evolving notion of corporate social responsibility, while achieving long-term growth through innovation, research and development.
