Author: Simon Donald A. J. Lawes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The UK produces>150 million tonnes of CO2 annually, a large proportion of which comes from the transport sector. The UK looks to lead the way in CO2 emission reduction, committing to an 80% reduction by 2050. Meeting this target is going to be a huge challenge for engineers in all sectors of industry, and improved component efficiency will have a large role to play. This study has looked at the three novel friction and wear reduction techniques that may find application in the valve-train component of the automotive internal combustion engine. The aim of this study has been to establish the effectiveness of a range of: i) diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings; ii) carbon nitride (CNx) coatings, and; iii) ionic liquid based lubricants, at reducing friction and wear in the valve-train. The main focus of this work has been the study of thin, wear resistant, and lubricious DLC coatings. A range of DLC coatings have been investigated to determine their performance in an instrumented valve-train test rig and compared to coating mechanical properties. Similar work has been conducted with CNx coatings, which are also thin, wear resistant and lubricious, whilst maintaining a lower hardness to elastic modulus ratio. It has been confirmed in this work that coating adhesion, hardness and abrasion resistance are key to coating durability in the valve-train along with the novel observation that impact toughness, particularly resistance to high angle inclined impact, is a very important factor in determining coating lifetimes. Also work has also been done to investigate the lubrication properties of ionic liquids. These liquids have very different chemistry to traditional hydrocarbon based lubricants but have demonstrated values of friction coefficient similar to that of engine oil. The mechanism by which these liquids are retained in the contact and provide lubrication bears further investigation.
Author: Sung Chul Cha
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319147714
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
This book describes current, competitive coating technologies for vehicles. The authors detail how these technologies impact energy efficiency in engines and with increased use of lightweight materials and by varying coatings applications can resolve wear problems, resulting in the increased lifecycle of dies and other vehicle components.
Author: Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811596352
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
This book covers the current advances and practices in tribological applications of composite materials under various processes, presenting the development, characterization, and morphological properties of composite materials in tribological applications. It covers a wide range of subjects, extending from fundamental research on the tribological characteristics of various multi-phase materials to the final applications of composites in wear loaded, technical components. It brings together contributions from researchers who discusses innovative experimental approaches and analytical techniques, creating a reference with comprehensive coverage of modern research techniques and the potential application of tribological composites in biomedical, aerospace, automotive, marines and construction industries. This volume will be of interest to material science researchers working in both industry and academia
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309373913
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 812
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Book Description
The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Author: Kenneth Holmberg
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080931464
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Book Description
The surface coating field is a rapidly developing area of science and technology that offers new methods and techniques to control friction and wear. New coating types are continually being developed and the potential applications in different industrial fields are ever growing, ranging from machine components and consumer products to medical instruments and prostheses. This book provides an extensive review of the latest technology in the field, addressing techniques such as physical and chemical vapour deposition, the tribological properties of coatings, and coating characterization and performance evaluation techniques. Eleven different cases are examined in close detail to demonstrate the improvement of tribological properties and a guide to selecting coatings is also provided. This second edition is still the only monograph in the field to give a holistic view of the subject and presents all aspects, including test and performance data as well as insights into mechanisms and interactions, thus providing the level of understanding vital for the practical application of coatings. * An extensive review of the latest developments in the field of surface coatings * Presents both theory and practical applications * Includes a guide for selecting coatings
Author: Krzysztof Jan Siczek
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0081009739
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
Tribological Processes in Valvetrain Systems with Lightweight Valves: New Research and Modelling provides readers with the latest methodologies to reduce friction and wear in valvetrain systems—a severe problem for designers and manufacturers. The solution is achieved by identifying the tribological processes and phenomena in the friction nodes of lightweight valves made of titanium alloys and ceramics, both cam and camless driven. The book provides a set of structured information on the current tribological problems in modern internal combustion engines—from an introduction to the valvetrain operation to the processes that produce wear in the components of the valvetrain. A valuable resource for teachers and students of mechanical or automotive engineering, as well as automotive manufacturers, automotive designers, and tuning engineers. Shows the tribological problems occurring in the guide-light valve-seat insert Combines numerical and experimental solutions of wear and friction processes in valvetrain systems Discusses various types of cam and camless drives the valves used in valve trains of internal combustion engines—both SI and CI Examines the materials used, protective layers and geometric parameters of lightweight valves, as well as mating guides and seat inserts
Author: J. Binner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483294005
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Advanced Materials 1991-1992, I. Source Book focuses on the properties, characteristics, reactions, applications, and composition of ceramics, composites, and plastics. The publication first elaborates on ceramics, including markets, materials, applications, processing, equipment, standards, health, safety, the environment, research initiatives, and industry news. Topics include joint ventures/agreements, powder processing, furnaces, bioceramics, electronics, superconductors, oxide films, silica, sensors, and superconductors. The manuscript also takes a look at composites, as well as markets, materials, applications, processing, non-destructive evaluation, testing, health, safety, and the environment, research initiatives, and industry news. Concerns include restructuring, takeovers and mergers, recycling, health and safety, test development, data generation, manufacturing processes, tooling, coatings, general engineering, aerospace, automotive, and boom in advanced composites. The book then ponders on plastics, including markets, materials, applications, processing, equipment, health, safety, the environment, and industry news. The publication is a valuable reference for readers interested in the properties, applications, processing, and composition of ceramics, composites, and plastics.
Author: Olle Wänstrand
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789155448530
Category : Protective coatings
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: P. A. Lakshminarayanan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470828854
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
The critical parts of a heavy duty engine are theoretically designed for infinite life without mechanical fatigue failure. Yet the life of an engine is in reality determined by wear of the critical parts. Even if an engine is designed and built to have normal wear life, abnormal wear takes place either due to special working conditions or increased loading. Understanding abnormal and normal wear enables the engineer to control the external conditions leading to premature wear, or to design the critical parts that have longer wear life and hence lower costs. The literature on wear phenomenon related to engines is scattered in numerous periodicals and books. For the first time, Lakshminarayanan and Nayak bring the tribological aspects of different critical engine components together in one volume, covering key components like the liner, piston, rings, valve, valve train and bearings, with methods to identify and quantify wear. The first book to combine solutions to critical component wear in one volume Presents real world case studies with suitable mathematical models for earth movers, power generators, and sea going vessels Includes material from researchers at Schaeffer Manufacturing (USA), Tekniker (Spain), Fuchs (Germany), BAM (Germany), Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd (India) and Tarabusi (Spain) Wear simulations and calculations included in the appendices Instructor presentations slides with book figures available from the companion site Critical Component Wear in Heavy Duty Engines is aimed at postgraduates in automotive engineering, engine design, tribology, combustion and practitioners involved in engine R&D for applications such as commercial vehicles, cars, stationary engines (for generators, pumps, etc.), boats and ships. This book is also a key reference for senior undergraduates looking to move onto advanced study in the above topics, consultants and product mangers in industry, as well as engineers involved in design of furnaces, gas turbines, and rocket combustion. Companion website for the book: www.wiley.com/go/lakshmi
Author: Mel Schwartz
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420082167
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 782
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Book Description
When people make a call on a cellphone, drive a car, or turn on a computer, few truly appreciate the innovations in material selection, technology, and fabrication that were required to make it all possible. Innovations in Materials Manufacturing, Fabrication, and Environmental Safety explores expected developments in analysis, design, testing, and
