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Author: Keith DeRose
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192535919
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.
Author: Keith DeRose
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192535919
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Get Book Here
Book Description
Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.
Author: Daniel Stoljar
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199723966
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
Ignorance and Imagination advances a novel way to resolve the central philosophical problem about the mind: how it is that consciousness or experience fits into a larger naturalistic picture of the world. The correct response to the problem, Stoljar argues, is not to posit a realm of experience distinct from the physical, nor to deny the reality of phenomenal experience, nor even to rethink our understanding of consciousness and the language we use to talk about it. Instead, we should view the problem itself as a consequence of our ignorance of the relevant physical facts, Stoljar shows that this change of orientation is well motivated historically, empirically, and philosophically, and that it has none of the side effects it is sometimes thought to have. The result is a philosophical perspective on the mind that has a number of far-reaching consequences: for consciousness studies, for our place in nature, and for the way we think about the relationship between philosophy and science.
Author: Keith DeRose
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191619744
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
It's an obvious enough observation that the standards that govern whether ordinary speakers will say that someone knows something vary with context: What we are happy to call "knowledge" in some ("low-standards") contexts we'll deny is "knowledge" in other ("high-standards") contexts. But do these varying standards for when ordinary speakers will attribute knowledge, and for when they are in some important sense warranted in attributing knowledge, reflect varying standards for when it is or would be true for them to attribute knowledge? Or are the standards that govern whether such claims are true always the same? And what are the implications for epistemology if these truth-conditions for knowledge claims shift with context? Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. In The Case for Contextualism Keith DeRose offers a sustained state-of-the-art exposition and defense of the contextualist position, presenting and advancing the most powerful arguments in favor of the view and against its "invariantist" rivals, and responding to the most pressing objections facing contextualism.
Author: Ralph Hertwig
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262045591
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Psychologists, economists, historians, computer scientists, sociologists, philosophers, and legal scholars explore the conscious choice not to seek information. The history of intellectual thought abounds with claims that knowledge is valued and sought, yet individuals and groups often choose not to know. We call the conscious choice not to seek or use knowledge (or information) deliberate ignorance. When is this a virtue, when is it a vice, and what can be learned from formally modeling the underlying motives? On which normative grounds can it be judged? Which institutional interventions can promote or prevent it? In this book, psychologists, economists, historians, computer scientists, sociologists, philosophers, and legal scholars explore the scope of deliberate ignorance.
Author: 张戩坤
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antiques & Collectibles
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
Author: John O'Loughlin
Publisher: John O'Loughlin/Centretruths Digital Media
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
In Volume II of John O'Loughlin's collected supernotational philosophy project, he has combined the titles 'Critique of Post-Dialectical Idealism', 'Philosophical Truth', 'Veritas Philosophicus', and 'Last Judgements', which span the period 1989–93 and have allowed him to bring some kind of strict chronology to bear on a series of writings dubbed 'supernotational', to distinguish them from essays on the one hand and aphorisms on the other, thereby treading a kind of intermediate position between essays and aphorisms in the interests of what became a gradual progression towards an enhanced sense of philosophical logic commensurate, so we believe, with 'Supertruth' and, ultimately, a kind of plateau of aphoristic purism which took shape in the ensuing years. – A Centretruths Editorial
Author: Matthias Gross
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262265613
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
The relationship between ignorance and surprise and a conceptual framework for dealing with the unexpected, as seen in ecological design projects. Ignorance and surprise belong together: surprises can make people aware of their own ignorance. And yet, perhaps paradoxically, a surprising event in scientific research—one that defies prediction or risk assessment—is often a window to new and unexpected knowledge. In this book, Matthias Gross examines the relationship between ignorance and surprise, proposing a conceptual framework for handling the unexpected and offering case studies of ecological design that demonstrate the advantages of allowing for surprises and including ignorance in the design and negotiation processes. Gross draws on classical and contemporary sociological accounts of ignorance and surprise in science and ecology and integrates these with the idea of experiment in society. He develops a notion of how unexpected occurrences can be incorporated into a model of scientific and technological development that includes the experimental handling of surprises. Gross discusses different projects in ecological design, including Chicago's restoration of the shoreline of Lake Michigan and Germany's revitalization of brownfields near Leipzig. These cases show how ignorance and surprise can successfully play out in ecological design projects, and how the acknowledgment of the unknown can become a part of decision making. The appropriation of surprises can lead to robust design strategies. Ecological design, Gross argues, is neither a linear process of master planning nor a process of trial and error but a carefully coordinated process of dealing with unexpected turns by means of experimental practice.
Author: John O'Loughlin
Publisher: John O'Loughlin
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 1255
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Book Description
With his 'Collected Supernotes' author John O'Loughlin has combined, on a highly abstract basis, material derived from the independently published titles, Devil and God – The Omega Book, From Materialism to Idealism, Towards the Supernoumenon, Elemental Spectra, Critique of Post-Dialectical Idealism, Philosophical Truth, Veritas Philosophicus, and Last Judgements, which span the period 1985–93, with a view to bringing some kind of strict chronology to bear on a series of writings dubbed 'supernotational', to distinguish them from essays on the one hand and aphorisms on the other, thereby allowing him to establish a kind of intermediate position between essays and aphorisms in the interests of what became a gradual progression towards an enhanced sense of philosophical logic commensurate, so he believes, with 'Supertruth' and, ultimately, with a kind of plateau of aphoristic purism. – A Centretruths Editorial
Author: Shannon Sullivan
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 0791480038
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Offering a wide variety of philosophical approaches to the neglected philosophical problem of ignorance, this groundbreaking collection builds on Charles Mills's claim that racism involves an inverted epistemology, an epistemology of ignorance. Contributors explore how different forms of ignorance linked to race are produced and sustained and what role they play in promoting racism and white privilege. They argue that the ignorance that underpins racism is not a simple gap in knowledge, the accidental result of an epistemological oversight. In the case of racial oppression, ignorance often is actively produced for purposes of domination and exploitation. But as these essays demonstrate, ignorance is not simply a tool of oppression wielded by the powerful. It can also be a strategy for survival, an important tool for people of color to wield against white privilege and white supremacy. The book concludes that understanding ignorance and the politics of such ignorance should be a key element of epistemological and social/political analyses, for it has the potential to reveal the role of power in the construction of what is known and provide a lens for the political values at work in knowledge practices.
Author: Lama Zopa Rinpoche
Publisher: Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive
ISBN: 1891868128
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
All the things we do -- eating, walking, washing, working, talking -- everything can become very powerful methods for quickly achieving enlightenment. Through the Mahayana practice of offering the food we eat which is based on the Hinayana and adorned with the Vajrayana our lives become most beneficial, not only for ourselves but for all sentient beings. This book is made possible by kind supporters of the Archive who, like you, appreciate how we make these teachings freely available in so many ways, including in our website for instant reading, listening or downloading, and as printed and electronic books. Our website offers immediate access to thousands of pages of teachings and hundreds of audio recordings by some of the greatest lamas of our time. Our photo gallery and our ever-popular books are also freely accessible there. Please help us increase our efforts to spread the Dharma for the happiness and benefit of all beings. You can find out more about becoming a supporter of the Archive and see all we have to offer by visiting us online! Thank you so much, and please enjoy this ebook.
