Teratogenicity Testing

Teratogenicity Testing PDF Author: Luís Félix
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493993147
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 614

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Book Description
This detailed book provides a compilation of laboratory techniques and tests to assess the risks to embryo-fetal development from drug exposure during early developmental stages. After an introduction to teratogenicity testing, the contents explore both in vitro and in vivo techniques in the study of the teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of drugs, as well as numerous animal-based teratology methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols describes methods that integrate a battery of tests that can be performed in cells, organs, tissues, and animal models for evaluating toxicity and/or the safety of compounds in early developmental stages with the goal of estimating, preventing, or minimizing the teratogenic potential of drugs.

Teratogenicity Testing

Teratogenicity Testing PDF Author: Luís Félix
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493993147
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 614

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Book Description
This detailed book provides a compilation of laboratory techniques and tests to assess the risks to embryo-fetal development from drug exposure during early developmental stages. After an introduction to teratogenicity testing, the contents explore both in vitro and in vivo techniques in the study of the teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of drugs, as well as numerous animal-based teratology methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols describes methods that integrate a battery of tests that can be performed in cells, organs, tissues, and animal models for evaluating toxicity and/or the safety of compounds in early developmental stages with the goal of estimating, preventing, or minimizing the teratogenic potential of drugs.

Tests of Teratogenicity in Vitro

Tests of Teratogenicity in Vitro PDF Author: James David Ebert
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 508

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Book Description


In Vitro Embryotoxicity and Teratogenicity Tests

In Vitro Embryotoxicity and Teratogenicity Tests PDF Author: Freddy Homburger
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN:
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Book Description


Evaluating Chemical and Other Agent Exposures for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity

Evaluating Chemical and Other Agent Exposures for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309073162
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 261

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Book Description
The United States Navy has been concerned for some time with protecting its military and civilian personnel from reproductive and developmental hazards in the workplace. As part of its efforts to reduce or eliminate exposure of Naval personnel and their families to reproductive and developmental toxicants, the Navy requested that the National Research Council (NRC) recommend an approach that can be used to evaluate chemicals and physical agents for their potential to cause reproductive and developmental toxicity. The NRC assigned this project to the Committee on Toxicology, which convened the Subcommittee on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, to prepare this report. In this report, the subcommittee recommends an approach for evaluating agents for potential reproductive and developmental toxicity and demonstrates how that approach can be used by the Navy. This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report: James Chen (National Center for Toxicological Research), George Daston (Procter and Gamble Company), Jerry Heindel (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), Grace Lemasters (University of Cincinnati), and John Young (National Center for Toxicological Research).

Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern

Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern PDF Author: Marc Williams
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128004800
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 725

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Book Description
Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a compendium of chemical-specific toxicity information with discussions on the rationale and development of Wildlife Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) intended for use on terrestrial wildlife for risk assessment applications. Substances covered include military-related chemicals including explosives, propellants, pesticides and metals. Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a much-needed resource designed to meet the needs of those seeking toxicological information for ecological risk assessment purposes. Each chapter targets a specific chemical and considers the current knowledge of the toxicological impacts of chemicals to terrestrial wildlife including mammalian, avian, amphibian and reptilian species. - Provides detailed information on how Wildlife Toxicity Values (TRVs) for military chemicals of concern are derived and evaluated. - Covers wildlife toxicity assessments of explosives, metals and environmental chemicals. - Compiles relevant information on the environmental effects of chemicals on wildlife in relation to public and environmental health.

In-Vitro Toxicity Testing

In-Vitro Toxicity Testing PDF Author: John M. Frazier
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439805398
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Book Description
This volume focuses on the potential application of in vitro procedures to identify and quantify the toxicological risk to target organs associated with the use of commerical products and therapeutic drugs.;Revealing how the results of in vitro toxicity testing can be used in safety assessment, In Vitro Toxicity Testing: explores whether existing test methods can accomplish the necessary goals and, if not, what research is needed to make these techniques a practical reality; presents the current status of toxicity testing in the areas of hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, ocular irritation, and many others; outlines the role of validation in technology transfer from the research laboratory to safety evaluation; examines testing strategies and regulatory acceptance and addresses common concerns about the ultimate utilization of available methods in chemical safety/hazard considerations; and analyzes the perspective of industrial and regulatory agencies on the application of in vitro toxicity testing.;Generously referenced with over 1400 literature citations, In Vitro Toxicity Testing is for academic, industrial, and regulatory toxicologists; applied, molecular, and cell biologists; pharmacologists; animal welfare activists; and graduate students in pharmacology and toxicology courses.

Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women E-Book

Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women E-Book PDF Author: Carl P. Weiner
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323508707
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1043

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Book Description
Logically organized and easy to use, Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women, 3rd Edition, is your #1 resource for details on how virtually all of today's drugs and herbal supplements interact with pregnancy and lactation. More than just a dosing manual, this unique title by Dr. Carl P. Weiner fully explains whether each drug is FDA-approved for use by expecting or nursing mothers, is known to be safe for use, or is known to pose a danger. With up-to-date coverage of nearly 2,000 substances, it provides the thorough details you need to choose the most effective course of treatment. - Uses a consistent, easy-to-follow format for each substance: generic and trade name • class • indications • mechanism of action • dosage, with contraindications and cautions • maternal considerations • fetal considerations • drug interactions • breastfeeding safety • references • and summary information. - Describes over-the-counter drugs and alternative medications as well as prescription drugs. - Uses an eye-catching icon to highlight known teratogens. - Includes international drug names to give this reference a global perspective. - Features new letter thumb tabs for easier navigation. - Includes dozens of new drugs and thorough updates throughout. - Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, videos (including video updates), glossary, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Alternatives to Animal Testing

Alternatives to Animal Testing PDF Author: Hajime Kojima
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811324476
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.

Principles of Toxicology Testing, Second Edition

Principles of Toxicology Testing, Second Edition PDF Author: Frank A Barile
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1842145282
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Book Description
Nationally, toxicology programs have evolved from a traditional exploration of the chemistry and applied toxicity of chemicals and drugs to a more comprehensive study of toxicology and toxicology testing as independent entities. Consequently, the second edition of Principles of Toxicology Testing starts with basic toxicological principles, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of toxins, including chemicals and drugs. The book then continues with animal (in vivo) and in vitro toxicology testing methods associated with toxicological analysis and preclinical drug development. As in the first edition, the book begins with an introduction into the fundamentals of toxicology (Section I) to prepare readers for the subsequent topics and continues through with a discussion of toxicokinetics and human risk assessment. This introductory material is useful in understanding the applications of toxicology testing. Section II describes the fundamental principles of toxicology testing in animals in greater detail. This section describes acute toxicity studies as well as subchronic and chronic studies performed on animals. Special emphasis is placed on study design and determination of classical indicators for acute and chronic testing, such as the LD50. The book examines other short- and long-term animal toxicity testing methodologies, including dermal, ocular, and reproductive toxicity testing. In addition, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies are also discussed in separate chapters. Section III introduces and discusses in vitro alternatives to animal toxicology tests. This section emphasizes cell culture methodology and cellular methods for acute systemic toxicity, target organ toxicity, and local toxicity. The contributors present the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. They also describe the use of high-throughput screening and its applications, the concepts of standardization and validation of in vitro techniques (especially large, organized validation efforts currently supported by US and EU regulatory agencies), and the theories supporting the development of in vitro methodologies. This second edition is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate toxicology students. Industrial and academic research centers will also find the text useful for establishing a toxicology testing laboratory.

Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology

Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology PDF Author: Wanda M. Haschek
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780123302229
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 592

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Book Description
Fundamentals Of Toxicologic Pathology is an enhanced and edited version of the Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology. The editors have created a more concise and affordable text for students in toxicologic pathology and scientists working in academia or industry. This volume focuses on providing basic information integrated from both toxicology and pathology dealing with the mechanisms of toxic injury and morphologic expression of that injury at subcellular, cellular, and tissue levels. The text addresses basic priniciples of toxicologic pathology and deals systematically with organ-specific injuries.