Telemetered Heart Rates of Free-living Uinta Ground Squirrels in Response PDF Download
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Author: Robert L. Ruff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Author: Robert L. Ruff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert L. Ruff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Free-living Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) were instrumented with miniaturized ECG radio-transmitters to measure their short-term and long-term heart rate responses to social interactions. A continuous trapping and direct observation program prior to and during the study provided complete behavioral and life history information for virtually all ground squirrels on the 22-acre study area. Three broad categories of heart rate information were obtained: responses by squirrels (1) in their burrows, (2) above ground during social interactions, and (3) above ground when animals were not fighting and when conspecifics were both absent and present. Marked changes in the heart rate of ground squirrels occurred even as animals behaved in their burrows and conspecifics were absent. Some changes were caused by motor behaviors and appeared commensurate with different degrees of physical exertion. Others were evident among inactive animals and took the form of diurnal cardiac rhythms which were independent of immediate motor behavior hut nonetheless attuned to aboveground activity cycles. The heart rate of all ground squirrels increased well above burrow baselines when animals behaved aboveground. The greatest elevations occurred during social interactions which ranged from mere threat to physical combat. Combat encounters elicited responses which frequently exceeded 400 beats/minute as compared to burrow and aboveground baselines for inactive animals of 269 and 284 beats/minute, respectively. Threat interactions produced less dramatic increases, but because threat usually lasted longer, it was perhaps as stressful as combat. There were no significant differences between peak responses of dominants and subordinates, initiates and recipients of aggression, or sex and age classes. However, the duration of cardiac response was less for dominants and hence, they apparently experienced less stress than subordinates. Increases in heart rate, independent of motor behavior and immediate social interactions, were also observed as female ground squirrels roamed within and/or made occasional excursions outside their home ranges. These cardiac changes occurred regardless of the presence or absence of conspecifics in the vicinity. It was concluded that such cardiac acceleration represented chronic response to social interactions and was elicited by spatial factors, specifically spatial familiarity, which acted as conditioned stimuli (previously paired with combat). Such chronic responses were greatest during the initial establishment of territories by females, decreased during territoriality, and increased again following the breakdown of territoriality. So territoriality acted to reduce the magnitude of heart rate response and hence, stress among females. The mere presence of conspecifics within the immediate vicinity of an instrumented ground squirrel tended to elevate its heart rate. Therefore, even in the absence of overt social interactions, conditions of crowding also contributed towards chronic stress in the population. The effects upon heart rate with respect to an individual's sex, age, reproductive condition, and its spatial and social relationship with neighboring ground squirrels are also discussed. Finally, the roles which social and nonsocial factors play in regulating animal numbers on the study are described.
Author: Charles J. Amlaner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483189317
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 825
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Book Description
A Handbook on Biotelemetry and Radio Tracking presents the proceedings of an International Conference on Telemetry and Radio Tracking in Biology and Medicine, held in The University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. on March 20–22, 1979. This book illustrates the advances connected with every aspect of biotelemetry and radio tracking. Organized into five parts encompassing 101 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the method that allows assessment or control of biological parameters from animals, subjects, and patients with comparatively little disturbance and restraint. This text then examines radio telemetry as a system for telemetry or communications over great distances. Other chapters consider better transmitter design and construction of radio tracking. This book discusses as well telemetric measurements of hemodynamic response to driving in coronary patients. The final chapter deals with the study of the coastal movements of Atlantic salmon tagged with ultrasonic transmitters. This book is a valuable resource for biological researchers and ecologists.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1368
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Author: Philip N. Lehner
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521637503
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 700
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Book Description
A thoroughly updated and expanded step-wise guide to the study of animal behaviour.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wildlife conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 834
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Author: National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1360
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Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 732
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Author: P. Bateson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475702329
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
When we began this series we wanted to encourage imaginative thinking among ethologists and those working in related fields. By the time we had reached Volume 3, we were advised by our publishers to give each volume a theme. Although we accepted the advice, it ran somewhat counter to our own wish to give our authors full rein. It also meant that we could not accept submitted manuscripts if they lay too far outside the topic for the next volume. We did, however, cheat a little, and faithful followers of the series will have noticed that some of the contributions were not exactly on the stated theme. Anyway, our publishers have now agreed that we can make honest people of ourselves by once again ac cepting a broad range of manuscripts for any volume. We shall also solicit manuscripts on particular topics that seem to be timely and appropriate, and each volume will continue to have a subtitle that relates to the theme of the majority of the papers in the volume. We hope that with our more permissive policy now explicit, potential contributors will feel encouraged to submit manuscripts to either of us at the addresses given at the end of this Preface. When planning the present volume, we wanted our contributors to build bridges between studies of behavior and the neurosciences. In recent years, the majority of people working on behavior seem to have been exclusively concerned with functional and evolutionary approaches.
Author: James A. Gessaman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
