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Author: Ashish Arora
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262261367
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
The past two decades have seen a gradual but noticeable change in the economic organization of innovative activity. Most firms used to integrate research and development with activities such as production, marketing, and distribution. Today firms are forming joint ventures, research and development alliances, licensing deals, and a variety of other outsourcing arrangements with universities, technology-based start-ups, and other established firms. In many industries, a division of innovative labor is emerging, with a substantial increase in the licensing of existing and prospective technologies. In short, technology and knowledge are becoming definable and tradable commodities. Although researchers have made significant advances in understanding the determinants and consequences of innovation, until recently they have paid little attention to how innovation functions as an economic process. This book examines the nature and workings of markets for intermediate technological inputs. It looks first at how industry structure, the nature of knowledge, and intellectual property rights facilitate the development of technology markets. It then examines the impacts of these markets on firm boundaries, the division of labor within the economy, industry structure, and economic growth. Finally, it examines the implications of this framework for public policy and corporate strategy. Combining theoretical perspectives from economics and management with empirical analysis, the book also draws on historical evidence and case studies to flesh out its research results.
Author: Ashish Arora
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262261367
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 351
Get Book Here
Book Description
The past two decades have seen a gradual but noticeable change in the economic organization of innovative activity. Most firms used to integrate research and development with activities such as production, marketing, and distribution. Today firms are forming joint ventures, research and development alliances, licensing deals, and a variety of other outsourcing arrangements with universities, technology-based start-ups, and other established firms. In many industries, a division of innovative labor is emerging, with a substantial increase in the licensing of existing and prospective technologies. In short, technology and knowledge are becoming definable and tradable commodities. Although researchers have made significant advances in understanding the determinants and consequences of innovation, until recently they have paid little attention to how innovation functions as an economic process. This book examines the nature and workings of markets for intermediate technological inputs. It looks first at how industry structure, the nature of knowledge, and intellectual property rights facilitate the development of technology markets. It then examines the impacts of these markets on firm boundaries, the division of labor within the economy, industry structure, and economic growth. Finally, it examines the implications of this framework for public policy and corporate strategy. Combining theoretical perspectives from economics and management with empirical analysis, the book also draws on historical evidence and case studies to flesh out its research results.
Author: John Sutton
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262692649
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 700
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Book Description
John Sutton sets out a unified theory that encompasses two major approaches to studying market, while generating a series of novel predictions as to how markets evolve. Traditionally, the field of industrial organization has relied on two unrelated theories—the cross-section theory and the growth-of-firms theory—to explain cross-industry differences in concentration and within-industry skewness. The two approaches are based on very different mathematical structures and few researchers have attempted to relate them to each other. In this book, John Sutton unifies the two approaches through a theory that rests on three simple principles. The first two, a "survivor principle" that says that firms will not pursue loss-making strategies, and an "arbitrage principle" that says that if a profitable opportunity is available, some firm will take it, suffice to define a set of possible outcomes. The third, the "symmetry principle," says that the strategy used by a new entrant into any submarket depends neither on the entrants identity nor on its history in other submarkets. This allows researchers to bring together the roles of strategic interactions and of independence effects. The result is that the considerations motivating the cross-section tradition and those motivating the growth-of-firms tradition both drop out within a single game-theoretic model. This book follows Sutton's Sunk Costs and Market Structure, published by MIT Press in 1991.
Author: Nir Kshetri
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1780632215
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
A number of indicators point to rapid and extraordinary shifts in the Chinese high-technology landscape. This book places special emphasis on ulta-modern and crucial ICT industries in which Chinese players possess a competitive advantage. It analyzes how formal and informal institutions and associated feedback mechanisms have influenced the Chinese high-technology industry and market. Finally, the book deeply investigates the nature, sources and quality of key ingredients related to the Chinese high-technology industry and provides an insight into the status and locus of this industry. - Draws on multiple theoretical lenses for studying the Chinese high technology industry and markets - Focuses on a range of technology industries - Special emphasis is placed on ultra-modern and crucial ICT industries in which Chinese players possess a competitive advantage
Author: Ian Chaston
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319458507
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This comprehensive book responds to the growing demand to study entrepreneurship as a key driver of innovation and competitive advantage. Challenging the existing idea that technological entrepreneurship exists predominantly in SMEs and as a result of market demands, the author argues that a commitment to entrepreneurship remains the most effective strategy for sustaining wealth generation for both organisations and entire nations. The aim of Technological Entrepreneurship is to provide the reader with additional knowledge and understanding of the concepts associated with the exploitation of technological entrepreneurship, and to demonstrate how associated management principles are somewhat different to those utilised in market-driven entrepreneurship. Validation of presented theoretical concepts is achieved through coverage of processes and practices utilised by real world organisations seeking to achieve maximum wealth generation, with specific emphasis on how technological entrepreneurship is the source of disruptive innovation within service sector organisations and how the philosophy is causing fundamental change in the provision of healthcare.
Author: Peter Weill
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 9780875848303
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
One of the most important investments in an organization is its information technology (IT) infrastructure. Yet many managers are ill-prepared to make sound IT investment decisions. Drawing upon rigorous research with over 100 businesses in 75 firms in nine countries, the authors here present a wide range of IT possibilities, enabling managers to take control of decisions that many have relegated to technical staff or vendors.
Author: Alasdair Nairn
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471205951
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
A comprehensive history of market-shaping industries and their impact on how we invest today This engaging book highlights the history of industrial development and its impact on investors. Today's investors will learn about past approaches to technological advances such as-electricity, the railroad, the telephone, the computer, and much more-while gaining insights on how to appraise the "new technology" companies of the future. This complete and well researched history of industries and investing wouldn't be complete without a look at: how Thomas Edison lost control of his company, the impact of the Standard Oil breakup, the early days of the wireless industry, and the changing face of the computer industry today. Investors looking for industry-shaping investments will undoubtedly use Engines That Move Markets as their guide.
Author: Michel Callon
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1942130589
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of how everyday market activity gets produced. If you’re convinced you know what a market is, think again. In his long-awaited study, French sociologist and engineer Michel Callon takes us to the heart of markets, to the unsung processes that allow innovations to become robust products and services. Markets in the Making begins with the observation that stable commercial transactions are more enigmatic, more elusive, and more involved than previously described by economic theory. Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of market activity that emphasizes what people designing products or launching startups soon discover—the inherent difficulties of connecting individuals to things. Callon’s model is founded upon the notion of “singularization,” the premise that goods and services must adapt and be adapted to the local milieu of every individual whose life they enter. Person by person, thing by thing, Callon demonstrates that for ordinary economic transactions to emerge en masse, singular connections must be made. Pushing us to see markets as more than abstract interfaces where pools of anonymous buyers and sellers meet, Callon draws our attention to the exhaustively creative practices that market professionals continuously devise to entangle people and things. Markets in the Making exemplifies how prototypes, fragile curiosities that have only just been imagined, are gradually honed into predictable objects and practices. Once these are active enough to create a desired effect, yet passive enough to be transferred from one place to another without disruption, they will have successfully achieved the status of “goods” or “services.” The output of this more ample process of innovation, as redefined by Callon, is what we recognize as “the market”—commercial activity, at scale. The capstone of an influential research career at the forefront of science and technology studies, Markets in the Making coherently integrates the empirical perspective of product engineering with the values of the social sciences. After masterfully redescribing how markets are made, Callon culminates with a strong empirical argument for why markets can and should be harnessed to enact social change. His is a theory of markets that serves social critique.
Author: John Zysman
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 9780804753357
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
The final section considers the political ramifications of information technology for critical societal debates ranging from privacy to intellectual property. The contributors to the book map out how the digital revolution shakes up politics, creating new economic and political winners and losers. In order to do so, they connect theories of political economy to the implications of digital technology for international as well as national markets.Attempts to construct a framework for analyzing the international digital era: one that examines the ability of political actors to innovate and experiment in spite of, or perhaps because of, the constraints posed by digital technology. This book examines the reaction of nations to the dual challenges of globalization and technological change.How do high wage countries stay rich in a global digital economy? "How Revolutionary was the Revolution" constructs a framework for analyzing the international digital era: one that examines the ability of political actors to innovate and experiment in spite of, or perhaps because of, the constraints posed by digital technology. In order to assess the revolutionary nature of the digital era, this book takes four overlapping approaches. First, it examines the reaction of nations, specifically Finland, Japan, and emerging markets, to the dual challenges of globalization and technological change. This section identifies both successful and failed national experiments intended to deal with these dual pressures. Second, it assesses corporate attempts to leverage digital technology to reorganize work. A broad range of issues including off-shoring, open source production systems, and knowledge management are addressed. Third, devoting detailed analysis to the case of mobile telephones, the book offers insights into the political economy of market evolution in the digital era.
Author: Julian Dent
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749462701
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Using numerous real-life examples, Distribution Channels explores the chain that makes products and services available for market and explains how to make the most of each step of the process. By defining the role and significance of the various partners involved, including distributors, wholesalers, final-tier channel players, retailers and franchise systems, the text provides a clear understanding of the entire go-to-market process, whilst also explaining channel partners' business models and how to engage with them for effective market access. Distribution Channels covers both the tactical and strategic dimensions of channel economics as well as containing information on accessing and servicing markets and customers, controlling brands, integrating web and online channels, building the value proposition and creating differentiation. Comprehensive and clear, this book provides you with the knowledge needed to improve your business model to ensure maximum market exposure and successful product delivery. The book is also supported by online resources, including additional figures, bonus chapters, and lecture slides.
Author: Diaz Nesamoney
Publisher: FT Press
ISBN: 0134031075
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
This is the first plain-English, 100% practical guide to supercharged digital advertising personalization: what's here, what's next, and how to make the most of it! Digital advertising and marketing are undergoing a massive, data-driven transformation: practically everything you thought you knew about them is obsolete. In Personalized Digital Advertising: How Data and Technology Are Transforming How We Market, pioneering entrepreneur Diaz Nesamoney demystifies the newest technologies, showing non-technical marketers how to use them to precisely target every message to every individual. First, Nesamoney explores the current state of digital advertising, reviewing best practices for maximizing personalization through long-familiar data and targeting technologies. Next, he introduces powerful recent innovations, presenting new best practices for deepening and extending personalization with: New data management platforms Advanced solutions for offline, mobile, and location data Powerful new ad production and serving technologies Nesamoney then previews emerging disruptive technologies and personalization approaches, from social data to new techniques for anticipating user intent. He concludes by introducing the Digital Advertising Technology Stack: a visual schematic showing how multiple products and technologies come together to radically improve advertising personalization and performance. Personalized Digital Advertising will be an indispensable resource for wide audiences of CMOs and marketing professionals, brand managers, media and creative directors, creative team members, and all students of digital advertising and marketing.
