Systematics and Biogeography of Colletidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) PDF Download
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Author: Eduardo A. B. Almeida
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Author: Eduardo A. B. Almeida
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Author: Rafael Rodrigues Ferrari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Colletinae (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) includes c. 545 species, the majority of which (c. 520 species) belong to Colletes Latreille. The generic placement of the other 25 species has been controversial, with the number of recognized genera varying among authors. For this reason, the first major objective of this dissertation is to construct a morphological phylogeny based on parsimony analyses to settle the controversy pertaining to the systematics of Colletinae. Results suggest that the following four genera should be recognized: Colletes, Hemicotelles Toro & Cabezas, Mourecotelles Toro & Cabezas and Xanthocotelles Toro & Cabezas. The first two genera are reciprocally monophyletic, and together they are sister to the last two which are also reciprocally monophyletic. Colletes has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution but is particularly diverse in arid regions of the world, such as the American southwest and central Asia where the genus has been widely studied. On the other hand, the South American Colletes have historically received little attention by bee taxonomists. As a result, a large proportion of the species found in the continent remain undescribed and most of the known ones cannot be unequivocally identified. Thus, the second major objective of this dissertation is to revise as much of the South American species of Colletes as possible. This objective is tackled in two parts: I firstly revised the species of the genus found in Chile (31 species), and then I revised those distributed in Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay (19 species). Finally, a dated phylogeny of Colletes is provided based on Bayesian analyses of DNA data of six loci. This allowed for the accomplishment of the last two major objectives of this dissertation, namely, to propose an intrageneric classification for Colletes, and to investigate its historical biogeography. The analyses provide strong support for the monophyly of Colletes and show that its phylogeny consists of five major clades. The biogeographic reconstructions suggest that Colletes originated within the Neotropics in the early Oligocene, and that its extant lineages began diversifying in the later Oligocene. They also infer that by the end of the Oligocene Colletes had already colonized both the Nearctic and Palaearctic.
Author: Robert W. Brooks
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520096585
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Author: Charles Duncan Michener
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bees
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Author: Bryan N. Danforth
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691168989
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
The most up-to-date and authoritative resource on the biology and evolution of solitary bees which draws on new research to provide a comprehensive and authoritative overview of solitary bee biology, offering an unparalleled look at these remarkable insects.
Author: Bryan N. Danforth
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691189323
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
The most up-to-date and authoritative resource on the biology and evolution of solitary bees While social bees such as honey bees and bumble bees are familiar to most people, they comprise less than 10 percent of all bee species in the world. The vast majority of bees lead solitary lives, surviving without the help of a hive and using their own resources to fend off danger and protect their offspring. This book draws on new research to provide a comprehensive and authoritative overview of solitary bee biology, offering an unparalleled look at these remarkable insects. The Solitary Bees uses a modern phylogenetic framework to shed new light on the life histories and evolution of solitary bees. It explains the foraging behavior of solitary bees, their development, and competitive mating tactics. The book describes how they construct complex nests using an amazing variety of substrates and materials, and how solitary bees have co-opted beneficial mites, nematodes, and fungi to provide safe environments for their brood. It looks at how they have evolved intimate partnerships with flowering plants and examines their associations with predators, parasites, microbes, and other bees. This up-to-date synthesis of solitary bee biology is an essential resource for students and researchers, one that paves the way for future scholarship on the subject. Beautifully illustrated throughout, The Solitary Bees also documents the critical role solitary bees play as crop pollinators, and raises awareness of the dire threats they face, from habitat loss and climate change to pesticides, pathogens, parasites, and invasive species.
Author: Patrick Lhomme
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781776881222
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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"Abstract: Morocco is a well known hot-spot of biodiversity in the Mediterranean basin. While some taxa like vascular plants are relatively well recorded, important groups of pollinators like bees are still understudied. This article presents an updated checklist of the bee species of Morocco and includes a summary of global and regional distribution of each species. A total of 961 species belonging to six bee families and 68 genera are recorded: Andrenidae (8 genera, 217 species); Apidae (15 genera, 241 species); Colletidae (2 genera, 74 species), Halictidae (12 genera, 144 species), Megachilidae (28 genera, 271 species) and Melittidae (3 genera, 14 species). Among them, 67 species are recorded for the first time in Morocco. Around 70% of the bee fauna of Morocco consists of widespread Palaearctic species. Only 18% of Moroccan species recorded are restricted to North Africa and 8% are Moroccan single-country endemics (81 species). Afrotropical elements in the Moroccan fauna are few, with only 3% of Morocco species co-occuring in that region. This checklist is intended to stimulate new regional research on bees including their taxonomy and biogeography. As many groups of bees have been understudied, discovery of new species for science and new records for the country can be expected. Additional research including inventorying, monitoring, and integrative taxonomic studies are needed to develop a comprehensive strategy for bee conservation in Morocco.. Keywords: Morocco is a well known hot-spot of biodiversity in the Mediterranean basin. While some taxa like vascular plants are relatively well recorded, important groups of pollinators like bees are still understudied. This article presents an updated checklist of the bee species of Morocco and includes a summary of global and regional distribution of each species. A total of 961 species belonging to six bee families and 68 genera are recorded: Andrenidae (8 genera, 217 species); Apidae (15 genera, 241 species); Colletidae (2 genera, 74 species), Halictidae (12 genera, 144 species), Megachilidae (28 genera, 271 species) and Melittidae (3 genera, 14 species). Among them, 67 species are recorded for the first time in Morocco. Around 70% of the bee fauna of Morocco consists of widespread Palaearctic species. Only 18% of Moroccan species recorded are restricted to North Africa and 8% are Moroccan single-country endemics (81 species). Afrotropical elements in the Moroccan fauna are few, with only 3% of Morocco species co-occuring in that region. This checklist is intended to stimulate new regional research on bees including their taxonomy and biogeography. As many groups of bees have been understudied, discovery of new species for science and new records for the country can be expected. Additional research including inventorying, monitoring, and integrative taxonomic studies are needed to develop a comprehensive strategy for bee conservation in Morocco."--Page 5.
Author: Canada. Agriculture Canada. Research Branch
Publisher: Canadian Government Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
This publication is the result of a course on identification of Hymenoptera given three times since 1985 at the Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research. The considerable interest in these courses indicated the need for a comprehensive identification guide to all extant families of Hymenoptera. The main emphasis is on family identification using the keys, which are complemented by family sketches. The sketches include a taxonomic diagnosis to supplement the keys, a summary of the biology, the size and distribution, and important literature references.
Author: Charles D. Michener
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 0801885736
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 972
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Author: Charles Duncan Michener
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781258466862
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
American Museum Of Natural History, V112.
