Synthesis of Phosphorus-containing Polymers by ATRP and SET-LRP PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Author: William Cargill Bond
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Organophosphorus compounds
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Author: Zhou Jin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Palladium catalysts
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Author: Ronald Dustan Myrex
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Esters
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Evgeniĭ Leonidovich Gefter
Publisher: Pergamon
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Author: Nicky C. F. Chan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a dynamic technique that possesses tremendous potential for the synthesis of novel polymeric materials not possible through conventional free radical polymerization. However, its use on an industrial scale has been limited by the high level of transition metal complex required. Significant advances have been made in the last 5 years towards lowering the level of copper complexes used in ATRP, resulting in novel variants called "activator regenerated by electron transfer" (ARGET) and "single electron transfer-living radical polymerization" (SET-LRP). To fully realize the potential of ATRP, its use in industrially relevant processes must be studied. Continuous processes such as tubular flow reactors and stirred tank reactors (CSTR) can reduce waste, improve productivity and facilitate process scale-up when compared to common batch reactors. The combination of low copper concentration ATRP techniques and continuous processes are especially attractive towards the design of a commercially viable process. This thesis presents a study into ARGET ATRP and SET-LRP as applied to continuous tubular and stirred tank reactors for the production of acrylic and methacrylic polymers. The equilibrium which governs polymerization rate and control over molecular architecture is studied through batch ARGET ATRP experiments. The improved understanding of ARGET ATRP enabled the reduction of ligand from a 3 to 10 fold excess used previously down to a stoichiometric ratio to copper salts. ARGET ATRP was then adapted to a continuous tubular reactor, as well as to a semi-automated CSTR. The design of the reactors and the effect of reaction conditions such as reducing agent concentration and residence time are discussed. The use of common elemental copper(0) such as copper wire and copper tubing is also investigated with SET-LRP for room temperature polymerization of methyl acrylate. SET-LRP is adapted to a CSTR to observe the effects of residence time on reaction rate, molecular weight control as well as copper consumption rate. The use of copper tubing as a catalyst source for SET-LRP is demonstrated and the design of a continuous tubular reactor using a combination of copper and stainless steel tubing is discussed.
Author: Smaranda Iliescu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789736611681
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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The synthesis of new phosphorus-containing polymers expected to have high thermal stability was the object of this research. Accompanying this effort has been a study of model compounds and prototype reactions, to obtain information on bond formation and bond stability. Among phosphorus-containing compounds, those containing the P-C-P linkage have unusual thermal stability. For example, several methylene and phenylene bis diphenylphosphine oxides are stable to 425-450 C (797-842 F). For this reason, the preparation of p-c-p type polYmers by addition and condensation reactions using a variety of monomers under Widely varied conditions was attempted. Fundamental studies of the chemistry of P-C compounds are described. Reorganization studies indicated that the CeHs-P bond is probably stable to at least 400 C. Polymers of the polyamide type with phosphorus in the backbone are described. Some prepared from a bibenzimidazole were stable to 425-450 C. (797-842 F), albeit of low molecular weight. Model compounds containing the phosphorus-imidazole bond showed stabilities as high as 500 C. (932 F).
Author: Giuseppe Cirillo
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118445511
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 601
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Book Description
Antioxidant Polymers is an exhaustive overview of the recent developments in the field of polymeric materials showing antioxidant properties. This research area has grown rapidly in the last decade because antioxidant polymers have wide industry applications ranging from materials science to biomedical, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Author: Susheel Kalia
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642365663
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Renowned experts give all essential aspects of the techniques and applications of graft copolymers based on polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are the most abundant natural organic materials and polysaccharide based graft copolymers are of great importance and widely used in various fields. Natural polysaccharides have recently received more attention due to their advantages over synthetic polymers by being non-toxic, biodegradable and available at low cost. Modification of polysaccharides through graft copolymerization improves the properties of polysaccharides. Grafting is known to improve the characteristic properties of the backbones. Such properties include water repellency, thermal stability, flame resistance, dye-ability and resistance towards acid-base attack and abrasion. Polysaccharides and their graft copolymers find extensive applications in diversified fields. Applications of modified polysaccharides include drug delivery devices, controlled release of fungicides, selective water absorption from oil-water emulsions, purification of water etc.
